intelligent thought, must be substantially correct in hypothesis, and should have an underlying basis of truth, which will impress its significance as a most important foundation for the tangible, or ideal of reason to base upon, hence, if we search the principles of the body, we find life apparent in the nervous system, which can be analyzed into several classes for functional use, but we only allude to the duality of mind, and its concert for controlling vital function, and the separate distinction, which can be drawn between objective and subjective mind and their independence of each other. Subjective mind is soul, ideation, and the objective, embodies imagination and reason, for all relations of vital continuance, which seems capable of generating within each individual life, the immortal subjective principles which retain entity after death of the body, while the objective principle as force, may be reused in the vitalization of other bodies. Therefore, if the belief that objective essentials of one life exists forever as force and is capable of being transformed from the material organized structure, to the atomic state for reuse under regular conditions, governing the laws of change, developed for purposes of continuity; if that suggestion should be construed as meaning a belief in occultism or any other ism other than the acknowledgement of a broad principle of natural law, so fundamental in character, so wide and complete in working as to be viewed with superstitious awe, then I am misconstrued. change, no atom is lost, nor energy destroyed, but the continual working, of the eternal forces of universality require changes now operative in life for the co-operative working of the great principles of continuity in eternity. In such thought we are tranquilized and encouraged to live with high purpose, and strict uprightness, that, inspiration from the liberated forces of each entity, may stimulate to great usefulness other life which in need and possibilities must draw on surrounding force, through the proper channels for essentials required, to perpetuate, in the great plan of continuity. Forces impelling us, are largely responsible for characteristics we assume and conduct exemplified in our transit through existence here, the principles of righteousness stimulate like conditions in other life, while depraved instincts, seem to be transmitted in certain directions, and will actuate life in some degree regardless of any moral or physical restraint applied. This theory is not an iridescent travesty upon theology, but is intended to propose that we continue in futurity through changes of force and matter, and the separation from that state of the subjective principles of life's entity,

In

which exists unchanged forever. From earliest times religion bas expounded, ultimate verity, and is the acknowledged basis, on which the essence and philosophy of high moral belief is founded, which declares, that science is the route, by which the unknown must be disclosed and purged of irrelevancy, and developed to completeness, which will harmonize physical and psychological forces, for exemplification of a great concrete fundamental law, upon which every principle of life is founded, such condition will disclose, that, as physical, mental, chemical and spiritual force, we change, but lose no element in transformation; as principle, we live forever, regardless of changes, which may occur in relations of the various ultimate forces of organized life, which are unchangeable, indestructible and will exist to eternity. Man's coming into being, from the antenatal state is almost incomprehensible, yet it is apparent without predicate, and his going out at demise into the invisible, is a mystery, unless we accept the theory of transmission of vitality and transference of energy and general metamorphosis, for continuance. According to science we live forever, in the real stream of life, flowing through the generations, therefore, the highest duty of mankind is to perfect posterity by cultivation, and selection of the fittest for perpetuation of the kind, that they may objectively live forever in offspring. Life, is present incarnation, which is transient and a temporary step in progress toward a future perfected, and ultimately immortal state, which is complete result of God's design toward man revealed in these holy covenants and promises which come to us from time immemorial, and death is but the culminating means to metamorphose the subjective principles of life to transcendency, in eternity. In thinking of absolutism the potency of which is so far above comprehension, make us desire a better understanding, than relative knowledge can give. However, it seems so high above our intellectual grasp, that we would be wise to bow in humility to the relative limits of intelligence, until higher moral and intellectual faculties, can stimulate the understanding to consciousness of the ideal, ultimately obtaining in the working of vital phenomena. Science and religion are both moving toward the result that they will entirely concur in the deep inalienable truth of continuance, through progressive change forever, their incompatibilities are fast disappearing under closer application of higher civilization, both being now recognized as deep inalienable truths formed upon the most ethic and invariable law; while recognizing their distinct spheres, yet we perceive their integrate mutuality centering in

a common cause. Nature's laws are exacting, and makes no allowance for ignorance, but demands due deference, for which, she gives full reward, in health and happiness, based upon biogenesis, controlled by omniscience.

WHEN TO BLEED.-Sewall considers the disappearance of the second cardiac sound at the apex a distinct indication for phlebotomy.

They

WANT STATE BOARD. -The New Jersey veterinarians are urging the creation of a State Veterinary Board of Health. claim to be better qualified to decide what should be done with diseased animals than are physicians.

DIET AS A CAUSE OF APPENDICITIS.-Dr. S. C. Peoples, a medical missionary in Siam, being the only physician in a state of 850,000 population, has seen but two cases of appendicitis there for twenty-three years. The inhabitants are practically vegetarians.

WHAT CONSTITUTES PNEUMONIA?-Andrew H. Smith contends that a single pneumococcus lodged in an air-cell and causing there its specific irritation and consequent exudation, presents all the essentials of the disease. He declares that it matters not if ten minutes later the the organism is dislodged and swept away by the exudate, the patient even then has had a pneumonia, if only a monococcal one. If the later bronchole terminating in the lobule invaded becomes blocked, and the further spread of the infection is prevented, the patient may escape with a unilobular pneumonia, but it will be pneumonia, nevertheless. The writer believes that such abortive attacks are very common. -Medical Record, February 3, 1906.

MEDICAL FORGERIES.-In order to show what sort of frauds are sought to be perpetrated on the public by medical impostors, S. D. Van Meter, Denver (Jour. A. M. A., February 3) gives the histories of several such attempts that have been dealt with by the Colorado Medical Registration Board. Illustrations are given of forged and altered diplomas, etc., and it is stated that some of the principals in these frauds are still profiting by them in other communities under defective laws or with less rig. idly investigating medical boards. He remarks on the need of an awakening of the public conscience to check by proper regulations, strictly enforced, such impositions on the public and disgraces to the medical profession.

HEPATIC DYSPEPSIA.-Phillips praises bryonia in hepatic dyspepsia, with bilious headache and vomiting.

PAIN AND THE BLOOD.-Brunton asserts that increased sensibility to pain is sometimes due to lessened alkalinity of the blood, and may be remedied by the administration of alkalies.

NEURITIS DUE TO PTOMAINS.-Thomas Oliver has reported in the Lancet a case of acute peripheral neuritis, ending in rapid death, and due in all probability, to certain viands consumed at a particular banquet.

RACHITIC TEETH.-According to Sahli these are characterized chiefly by transverse and longitudinal grooves with uneven enamel, which rapidly wears off on account of its ir regular distribution. The changes are most

marked in the incisors.

NERVOUS DYSPEPSIA OF MIDDLE-AGED PEOPLE. This is characterized by a sensation of weight and heat at the vertex, frequent flushings, suffused eyes, hot and cold perspiration, brow pain and heaviness and torpor after meals. Ringer recommends a drop of laudanum with two drops of tincture of nux vomica three or four times a day.

PNEUMONIA.-H. B. Weaver shows that vital statistics reveal the marked increase of This disease causes more deaths than any the prevalence and fatality of pneumonia. other, eight per cent of all deaths being due to it. The treatment is as unavailing as it was fifty years ago, because until lately the cause was not known. The symptoms were consequently misinterpreted, and the treatment has been empirical and unscientific. The writer believes that in view of all these facts the keynote to the whole situation is found in the prophylaxis of this disease, and in the generous support of the vital energies. Pneumonia is infectious and it is preventable. The sputum of pneumonia patients should be taken care of. These individuals should be instructed not to expectorate upon the floor or bedding. the floor or bedding. They should] use a cuspidor for this purpose, or cloth which should be burned at once. The mouth and teeth should be thoroughly and often cleansed by an antiseptic wash. The excretions should be as carefully disinfected and destroyed as in cases of typhoid fever. every case of pneumonia, after recovery or death, the room should be as thoroughly disinfected by fumigations with formaldehyde as in cases of all other contagious diseases. The writer believes that in the near future there will be perfected a true antipneumotoxin-Medical Record.

In

The Illinois State

EDITORIAL

Association for

ONE year ago there was organized in Illinois an association for the dissemination of knowledge concerning tuberculosis, leading to the study and prevention. of this disease, and to organize for its treatthe Prevention ment by the establishof Tuberculosis. ment of a State sanatorium. This association has, in the brief period of its existence, done good work, and as its organization includes both professional and lay co-operation, it is destined to be of great assistance throughout the State, and to be a power in furthering State care and treatment of individuals afflicted with this disease.

The following report of the secretary, Dr. Arnold C. Klebs, of the work for the past year is encouraging, and bespeaks a serviceable future in State organization:

"A year ago, when this association began work, the chief methods which commended themselves for immediate efforts were:

"1. Work toward the provision cf sanatoria.

"2. Formation and assistance of local societies in all the towns of the State.

"3. Co-operation with the National Association for the study and prevention of tuberculosis.

"The work for the establishment of a sanatorium for consumptives was begun at

troduced into the legislature, with the endorsement of the association.

measure.

Every effort was then made to secure its passage. Printed matter was sent to the press throughout the state, resulting in the publi cation of many editorials in favor of the Influential men throughout the state wrote personal letters to their representatives, urging the claims of the bill. Printed information as to the need and value of such an institution was sent to every member of the legislature. Finally, a large delegation of physicians and others from Chicago and the state at large went to Springfield to confer with the committees of the two houses to whom the bill had been referred.

"The bill, after certain amendments, passed both houses of the legislature, though the appropriation was reduced from $200,000 to $25,000 Owing, however, to the lack of funds with which to make all the appropriations authorized by the legislature, Governor Deneen felt it necessary to veto this bill.

"The association highly appreciated the aid rendered in these efforts by many publicspirited men, and also by the press throughout the state. The educative influence of the publicity given the subject by these efforts will be of great value in the contest with tuberculosis in Illinois.

"Since the last annual meeting, the association has assisted the establishing of local organizations at Peoria and Streator, and both have applied for affiliation. At Jacksonville the Morgan County Medical Society has appointed a committee of three on the prevention of tuberculosis, to work in affiliation with this association. These three applications for affiliation will be presented to this meeting.

"All of these societies are in close contact with this association. Speakers have been sent to address public meetings at several towns. A folder used in the tuberculosis work in Chicago-"How to Prevent and Cure Consumption"-has been adapted by this association, and a large quantity have been printed which are distributed at very low rates to local societies. About 3,000 copies of this folder have so far been used.

"At Decatur, organization against tuberculosis is under way and will soon be complete. At Belleville, Danville, East St. Louis, Rockford, Aurora and Moline, plans are being made for organization, and the secretary's office is in correspondence with workers at each of these towns.

"The association has kept close touch with the national organization, and with the workers in all parts of the country. Assistance has been given especially to those interested

in the neighboring states of Michigan, Kentucky and Iowa, where printed matter which originated with this association has been helpful. At the International Congress on Tuberculosis, at Paris, in October, 1905, the association was presented by its secretary.

"The association had an exhibit at the Tuberculosis Exposition held in New York in November last. This exposition has been shown at various eastern points, and will eventually appear at Chicago.

At the annual meeting, held in Chicago, January 18th, 1906, the following officers were elected for the ensuing year:

President-Professor Edmund J. James, President University of Illinois, Urbana. First Vice-President-Right Rev. John Lancaster Spalding, Bishop of Peoria.

Second Vice-President-Frank O. Lowden. Secretary-Ernest P. Bicknell. Chicago. Treasurer-Mr. James H. Eckles, Chicago. Members of Central Council (to fill vacancies) Dr. Homer M. Thomas, Chicago; Dr. Everett J. Brown, Decatur.

This most representative and commendable list of earnest workers is indicative of the thoroughness of the association, and shows to the people of the State that confidence in its future is assured.

This movement is in line with the trend of the times which is truly a campaign of education, teaching the people how to live so as to avoid tuberculosis and how to live with it in order to overcome the disease.

Proposed Legislation Affecting the Management of Municipal Hospitals.

F.P.N.

SOMETHING like a year ago a movement was inaugurated purposing a radical change in the management of the municipal hospitals of St. Louis, it being generally considered desirable that politics should be eliminated in the matter of medical control, this to be placed on a basis of scientific ability above any other consideration. The first step toward this was the appointment from the different organized bodies of physicians, from all the recognized schools, of representatives on a committee which was denominated the Charter Amendments Comittee. Representation on this committee was controlled by the numerical strength of the various societies, and a working body of fifteen representative physicians was its result. This committee has lately announced its recommendation to the various societies by which it was authorized, and these bodies have approved the proposed amendment.

The proposed amendment is not yet necessarily in its final form, except in the matter of the subject matter presented, the wording may be changed to obviate legal difficulties, as adopted by the St. Louis Medical Society, it reads as follows:

HOSPITAL AND OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENT. An Amendment of Section 5, Article XII, of the City Charter, or Article of a New Charter.

Section 1. There is hereby created a hospital and out-patient department of the City of St. Louis, which shall be managed, directed and controlled as provided by this charter and by the ordinances of the City of St. Louis by a Board of Trustees, as hereinafter provided, whose members shall possess the same qualifications as the mayor, and shall give bond in such sum as may be ordained by the Assembly, with sufficient sureties for the faithful performance of duty.

Sec. 2. The control of said Board of Trustees shall be exercised over the City Hospital and Associated Dispensaries, the Female Hospital, the Quarantine Hospital, the Insane Asylum and the Poor House, as now existing, and be extended to branches that may from time to time be established, or like institutions that may be created.

Sec. 3. Said Board of Trustees shall consist of six residents of the City of St. Louis of recognized capacity and fitness, together with the mayor, ex-officio. The members of said Board of Trustees shall be elected on a general ticket and by the qualified voters of the City of St. Louis. The term of office of said trustees, so elected, shall be six years, except that those first elected shall be classified by lot, so that their terms shall expire two in two years, two in four years and two in six years, respectively. All vacancies from any cause, shall be filled by the mayor until the next succeeding election. Said trustees shall receive no pecuniary compensation or be interested directly or indirectly in the furnishing or performing of work, labor or services, materials or supplies of any kind to or for said hospitals, by contract or otherwise. No trustee shall hold any office of emolument under the city, state or national government, except the office of notary public.

Sec. 4. Any trustee may be removed by due legal procedure prescribed by the city ordinances for removal of municipal offices upon proof of official misconduct or neglect of duty, or for mental or physical disability.

Sec. 5. Said Board of Trustees shall organize as soon as practicable after said trustees are elected. It shall biennially choose from its members, at a regular meeting to

be held on the month ofa president and other officers for the term of two years. It shall select and employ a competent salaried secretary. It shall establish rules and regulations for the administration and government of said institutions, subject to general and specific legislation. Said board shall have the power to appoint and remove such superintendents, medical officers, subordinate officers, and other employees, as may be necessary for the efficient management and conduct of said institutions. The Board shall keep accurate and detailed accounts, in a form approved by the comptroller, of all moneys received and expended by it, detailing sources and purposes. It shall during the month of in each year, transmit to the mayor a report of the condition of the institutions under its care and management.

Sec. 6. Said Board shall appoint a medical staff, representative, as far as feasible, of the several schools of medical practice, for each and every institution under its control. The staff shall consist of attending and consulting physicians and surgeons, who shall serve, as directed by the Board, without pecuniary compensation, and shall hold office so long as they shall perform their duties in a manner satisfactory to the said Board of Trustees. This medical staff shall be made up of residents of the City of St. Louis, members of the profession and of respectable character and of good standing and of recognized ability. They shall deliver clinical lectures and devise methods of bedside teaching. Vacancies occurring in said staff shall be filled by the said Board of Trustees.

The said medical staff shall be advisory to the Board of Trustees in all matters pertaining to the fullest accomplishment of the humane purposes of the named institutions. All appointments for medical and surgical house-officers, of said institutions and outpatient departments, shall be made by the Board of Trustees only on nomination by the said medical staff, after competitive examinations conducted by said staff.

Sec. 7. Said Board shall annually, at a regular meeting in the month of, elect by ballot a superintendent for each of the named institutions. The duties of the superintendents shall be prescribed by the Board and shall be of a general administrative and executive but non-medical character.

OHIO JOINS THE LIST.-Ohio is not to be outdone in the way of freak legislation by her neighbors, Indiana and Wisconsin, and a bill has been introduced forbidding the sale of cigarettes.

DR. ELISHA HALL GREGORY died at Orlando, Florida, on February 11th and was buried

Death of
Dr. Gregory.

in Calvary Cemetery, St. Louis, on February 15th, 1906. Dr. Gregory was the patriarch of the St. Louis profession, and was so widely known, and had filled so important a place in the growth of American medicine, that in his death the whole American profession is bereaved. He was born in 1824, took his doctorate degree in medicine in 1849, and continued actively interested in his profession, and continued certain features of his medical work to the day of his death. His career as a teacher began in 1852, he was identified with St. Louis Medical College and the medical department of Washington University for better than a half century. characterized by the many positions of honor and responsibility which he filled, chiefest among these were is election to the presidenoy of the St. Louis Medical Society in 1871; the Missouri State Board of Health in 1883; the Missouri State Medical Association in 1883; the American Medical Association in 1887, and the St. Louis Surgical Society in 1892. In all these positions he presided with a dignity which was charming, and an eagerness for scientific advancement which made his term of administration noteworthy. He fathered the work of Mullanphy Hospital in the beginning of that institution, and it was his privilege to live to see that institution for years the foremost among the charitable institutions of the West. His students were many, and they are scattered to the four corners of the world, but wherever they are there will be sadness when the report of his death is received. While his advanced age had made his friends apprehensive that he could not long be with us, his death came as a surprise and leaves us with a keen sense of bereavement. Though aged and enfeebled his walk among us during these last later years has been an inspiration to all with whom he met.

His life was

The St. Louis Medical Society held memorial service to the memory of Dr. Gregory