Fr. onction. The act of anointing; the unguent or ointment used; UNC'TUOUSNESS, n. s. any thing softening or lenitive: unctuous is oily; fat; clammy: unctuosity and unctuousness mean fatness; oiliness; greasiness. The unction of the tabernacle, the table, the laver, the altar of God, with all the instruments appertaining thereunto, made them for ever holy. Hooker. Dry up thy harrowed veins, and plough-torn leas, Shakspeare. Their extreme unction, administered as the dying man's viaticum, which St. James mentioned as the ceremony of his recovery, may be added. Hammond's Fundamentals. A wandering fire, Milton's Paradise Lost. Fuliginous exhalations contain an unctuosity in them, and arise from the matter of fuel. Browne's Vulgar Errours. A great degree of unctuousness is not necessary to the production of the like effects. Boyle. UNCTION, in matters of religion, is used for the character conferred on sacred things by anointing them with oil. Unctions were very frequent among the Hebrews. They anointed both their kings and high priests at the ceremony of their inauguration. They also anointed the sacred vessels of the tabernacle and temple, to sanctify and consecrate them to the service of God. The unction of kings is supposed to be a ceremony introduced very late among the Christian princes. It is said that none of the emperors were ever anointed before Justinian or Justin. The emperors of Germany took the practice from those of the eastern empire: king Pepin of France was the first who received the unction. In the ancient Christian church, unction always accompanied the ceremonies of baptism and confirmation. Extreme unction, or the anointing persons in the article of death, was also practised by Christians at a very early period, in compliance with the precept of St. James, chap. v., 14th and 15th verses; and this extreme unction the Romish It is administered to none but such as are affected. church has advanced to the dignity of a sacrament. with some mortal disease, or in a decrepit age. It is refused to impenitent persons, as also to criminals. The parts to be anointed are, the eyes, the ears, the nostrils, the mouth, the hands, the feet, and the reins. The laity are anointed in the palms of the hands, but priests on the back of it; because the palms of their hands have been already consecrated by ordination. The oil with which the sick person is anointed represents the grace of God, which is poured down into the soul, and the prayer used at the time of anointing expresses the remis sion of sins thereby granted to the sick person, for the prayer is this: By this holy unction, and his own most pious mercy, may the Almighty God forgive thee whatever sins thou hast committed by the sight,' when the eyes are anointed; by the hearing, when the ears are anointed; and so of the other senses. UNCUL LED, adj. Not gathered. A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought First fruits, the green ear, and the yellow sheaf, Unculled, as came to hand. Milton's Paradise Lost. UNCULPABLE, adj. Not blameable. Those canons do bind, as they are edicts of nature; which the Jews observing as yet unwritten, and thereby framing such church orders, as in their law were not prescribed, are notwithstanding in that respect unculpable. Hooker. UNCULTIVATED, adj. Lat. incultus. Not cultivated; not improved by tillage. Roscommon. The first tragedians found that serious stile Too grave for their uncultivated age. UNCUMBERED, adj. Not burdened; not embarrassed. With frank, and with uncurbed plainness, Tell us the Dauphin's mind. Shakspeare. Henry V. UNCURL, v. a. & v. n. To loose from ringlets, or convolutions: free from ringlets. My fleece of woolly hair now uncurls, Even as an adder, when she doth unroll To do some fatal execution. Shak. Titus Andronicus. Alike in feature both, and garb appear; Dryden. With honest faces, though uncurled hair. UNCURRENT, adj. Not current; not passing in common payment. Your voice, like a piece of uncurrent gold, is not cracked within the ring. Shakspeare. Hamlet. UNCURSE', v. a. To free from any exeUNCURST', adj. Scration; not execrated. Uncurse their souls; their peace is made With head, and not with hands. Shak. Richard II. Sir John Hotham unreproached, unthreatened, uncursed by any language or secret imprecation of mine, not long after pays his own and his eldest son's heads. King Charles. Plants will frequent changes try, Undamaged, and their marriageable arms Conjoin with others. UNDAUNTED, adj. UNDAUNTEDLY, adv. UNDAUNTED'NESS, n. s. tive corresponding. Phillips. Unsubdued by fear; not depressed: the adSverb and noun substan Bring forth men children only; Shakspeare. Macbeth. It shall bid his soul go out of his body undauntedly, and lift up its head with confidence before saints and angels. South. The art of war, which they admired in him, and his undauntedness under dangers, were such virtues as these islanders were not used to. Pope. UNDAZZLED, adj. Not dimmed, or confused by splendor. Here matter new to gaze the devil met Undazzled. Milton's Paradise Lost. As undazzled and untroubled eyes, as eagles can be newly gazing on the sun. supposed to cast on glow-worms, when they have been Boyle. UNDEAF', v. a. To free from deafness. Though Richard my life's counsel would not hear, My death's sad tale may yet undeaf his ear. Shaksp. UNDEBAUCH'ED, adj. Not corrupted by debauchery. When the world was buxom, fresh, and young, Her sons were undebauched, and therefore strong. How fierce in fight, with courage undecayed! The flames of friends and lovers cease to grow; responding. Pope. To set free from the influence of a fallacy: Sthe adjectives both cor All men will try, and hope to write as well, And not without much pains be undeceived. Roscom. It serves for more certain computation, by how much it is a larger and more comprehensive period, and under a more undeceivable calculation. Holder on Time. So far as truth gets round in the world, so far sin loses it. Christ saves the world by undeceiving it. South. UNDECEMVIR, a magistrate among the ancient Athenians, who had ten other colleagues or associates joined with him in the same commission. They took care of the apprehending of criminals, secured them in the hands of justice, and, when they were condemned, took them again into custody, that the sentence might be executed on them. They were chosen by the tribes, each tribe naming its own; and as the number of the tribes after Calisthenes was but ten, which made ten members, a scribe or notary was added, which made the number eleven. UNDECIDED, adj. ? Not determined; not UNDECI'SIVE. settled: not conclusive. For one thing, which we have left to the order of the church, they had twenty which were undecided by the express word of God. Hooker. Two nations differing about the antiquity of their language, made appeal to an undecisive experiment, when they agreed upon the trial of a child brought up among the wild inhabitants of the desert. Glanville. Aristotle has left undecided the duration of the action. Dryden. UNDECK', v. a. To deprive of ornaments. For I have given here my soul's consent, Shakspeare. Milton's Paradise Lost. UNDECLINED, adj. Not grammatically varied by termination; not deviating. In his track my wary feet have stept; His undeclined ways precisely kept. Sandy's Par. UNDEDICATED, adj. Not consecrated or devoted; not inscribed to a patron. I should let this book come forth undedicated, were it not that I look upon this dedication as a duty. Boyle. Those arms, which for nine centuries had braved False traitor, thou broken hast Granville. not Spenser. The law of arms, to strike foe undefied. UNDEFILED, adj. Not polluted ; not vitiated; not corrupted. Whose bed is undefiled, and chaste, pronounced. Milton. Her Arethusian stream remains unsoiled, Unmixed with foreign filth, and undefiled; Her wit was more than man, her innocence a child. Dryden. UNDEFIN'ABLE, adj. › Not to be circumUNDEFINED. scribed or defined: not circumscribed, or explained by a definition. Why simple ideas are undefinable is, that the several terms of a definition signifying several ideas, they can all, by no means, represent an idea, which has no composition at all. Locke. There is no such way to give defence to absurd doctrines, as to guard them round with legions of obscure, doubtful, undefined words. Id. UNDEFORM'ED, adj. Not deformed; not disfigured. The sight of so many gallant fellows, with all the pomp and glare of war, yet undeformed by battles, may possibly invite your curiosity. Pope. UNDELIBERATED, adj. Not carefully con sidered. The prince's undeliberated throwing himself into that engagement, transported him with passion. Clarendon. UNDELIGHTED, adj. Į Not pleased or afUNDELIGHTFUL. fected with pleasure. He could not think of involving himself in the same undelightful condition of life. Clarendon. The fiend That age which my grey hairs make seem more than it is, hath not diminished in me the power to protect an undeniable verity. Sidney. It is undeniably founded in the express affirmations of holy writ. Hammond. UNDEPLOR'ED, adj. Not lamented. Permit my ghost to pass the Stygian ford; Rise, wretched widow! rise; nor undeplored But rise prepared to mourn thy perished lord. UNDEPRAV’ED, adj. Not corrupted. Knowledge dwelt in our undepraved natures, as light in the sun; it is now hidden in us like sparks in a flint. Glanville. Dryden. Dryden. UNDEPRIVED, adj. Not divested. He, undeprived, his benefice forsook. UNDER, prep. Sax. unden; Goth., Swed., Danish, and Teut. under; Belg. onder. In a state of subjection or pupilage to; below; beneath; in a less degree than; for or with less than; by the show of; in a state of oppression by; in a state of being liable to, or limited, or affected, or protected, by. Ye purpose to keep under the children of Judah for bond-men and bond-women. 2 Chron. xxviii. 10. Under this head may come in the several contests and wars betwixt popes and the secular princes. Lesley. As they went under sail by him, they held up their hands and made their prayers. Sidney. Medicines take effect sometimes under, and sometimes. above, the natural proportion of their virtue. Hooker. There is none but he, Whose being I do fear, and under him My genius rebuked, as Antony's was by Cæsar. Shaks. I will fight Against my cankered country with the spleen Of all the under fiends. Id. Coriolanus. Fruit put in bottles, and the bottles let down into wells under water, will keep long. Bacon's Nat. Hist. To those that live. Under thy care good rules and patterns give. Denham, Be gathered now ye waters under heaven. Milton. After all, they have not been able to give any considerable comfort to the mind, under any of the great pressures of this life. Tillotson. When good Saturn, banished from above, Was driven to hell, the world was under Jove. Dryden. Every man is put under a necessity, by his constitution, as an intelligent being, to be determined by his own judgment, what is best for him to do; else he would be under the determination of some other than himself, which is want of liberty. Locke. We are thrifty enough not to part with any thing serviceable to our bodies, under a good consideration; but make little account of what is most beneficial to our souls. Ray. If it stood always under this form, it would have been under fire, if it had not been under water. Burnet. Man, once fallen, was nothing but a total pollution, and not to be reformed by any thing under a new creaSouth. It was too great an honour for any man under a duke. Addison. under the figure of a boy asleep, with a bundle of Morpheus is represented by the ancient statuaries poppy in his hand. tion. Id. Women and children did not shew the least signs of complaint, under the extremity of torture. Collier Coleby, one of his under-swearers, was tried for robbing the treasury, where he was an underclerk. Swift. UNDERDO', v. n. Under and do. To act below one's abilities. You overact, when you should underdo; none. A little call yourself again, and think. Ben Jonson. They carried him to a house of a principal officer, who with no more civility, though with much more business than those underfellows had shewed, in captious manner put interrogatories unto him. Sidney. UNDERFIL'LING, n. s. Under and fill. Lower part of an edifice. To found our habitation firmly, first examine the bed of earth upon which we will build, and then the underfillings, or substructions, as the ancients called it. UNDERFONG', v. a. To take in hand. Obsolete. Wotton. Under and Sax. Fangan. Thou, Menalcas, that by thy treachery Didst underfong my lady to wexe so light, Shouldst well be known for such thy villany. Spenser. Under and furnish. To supply with less than enough. Can we suppose God would underfurnish man for the state he designed him, and not afford him a soul large enough to pursue his happiness? UNDERFUR'NISH, v. a. Collier. UNDERGIRD', v. a. Under and gird. To bind below; to round the bottom. When they had taken it up, they used helps, undergirding the ship. Acts xxvii. 17. UNDERGO', v. a. Under and go. To suffer; sustain; endure evil; pass through: to be subject to. I have moved certain Romans To undergo with me an enterprize Of honourable, dangerous consequence. Shakspeare. Claudio undergoes my challenge; and either I must shortly hear from him, or I will subscribe him a coward. Id With mind averse, he rather underwent His people's will, then gave his own consent. Dryden. Bread put into the stomach of a dying man will undergo the alteration that is merely the effect of heat. Arbuthnot. Under and ground. UN'DERGROUND, n. s. Subterraneous space. They have promised to shew your highness A spirit raised from depth of underground. Shakspeare. Washed by streams Milton. From underground, the liquid ore he drains As one continued brake, the undergrowth She underhand dealt with the principal men of that country, that they should persuade the king to make Plangus his associate. Sidney. It looks as if I had desired him underhand to write so ill against me; but I have not bribed him to do me this Dryden. Wood is still working underhand to force his halfpence upon us. Swift. service. I should take it as a very great favour, from some of my underhand detractors, if they would break all measures with me. Addison. UNDERIVED, adj. From derived. Not bor rowed. The great men, by ambition never satisfied, grew factious; and the underlings, glad indeed to be underlings to them they hated least, to preserve them from such they hated most. Sidney. Milton. O'er all his brethren he shall reign as king, Yet every one shall make him underling. UNDERMINE', v. a. Under and mine. To dig cavities under any thing, so that it may fall, or be blown up; to sap. Making the king's sword strike whom they hated, the king's purse reward whom they loved; and, which is worst of all, making the royal countenance serve to undermine the royal sovereignty. Sidney. They, knowing Eleanor's aspiring humour, Have hired me to undermine the duchess. Shakspeare. The father secure, Ventures his filial virtue Against whate'er may tempt, whate'er seduce, Allure or terrify, or undermine. Milton. He should be warned who are like to undermine him, and who to serve him. Locke. UN'DERMOST, adj. This is a kind of superiative, anomalously formed from under. Lowest in place. Using oil of almonds, we drew up with the undermost stone a much greater weight. Boyle. It happens well for the party that is undermost when a work of this nature falls into the hands of those who content themselves to attack their principles, without exposing their persons. Addison. UNDERNEATH', adv. & prep. Compounded from under and neath, of which we still retain the comparative nether, but in adverbial sense use beneath. In the lower place; below: under; beneath. What is, hath been; what hath been, shall ensue ; And nothing underneath the sun is new. Sandys. Pray God she prove not masculine ere long If underneath the standard of the French She carry armour, as she hath begun. Underneath this stone doth lie As much beauty as could die; Which in life did harbour give To more virtue than could live. The monster caught in open day, Inclosed, and in despair to fly away, Howls horrible from underneath. UNDEROFFICER, n. s. Shakspeare. Ben Jonson. Dryden. Under and officer. An inferior officer; one in subordinate authority. This certificate of excommunication by bishops, of all others, is most in use; and would be more so, were it not for the manifold abuses about its execution committed by underofficers. Ayliffe. UNDEROGATORY, adj. Not derogatory. Of our happiness the apostle gives a negative description; and, to create in us apprehensions underogatory from what we shall possess, exalts them above all that we can fancy. Boyle. UN'DERPART, n.s. Under and part. Subordinate or unessential part. The English will not bear a thorough tragedy, but are pleased that it should be lightened with underparts of mirth. Dryden. UNDERPETTICOAT, n. s. Under and petticoat. The petticoat worn next the body. They go to bed as tired with doing nothing, as I after quilting a whole under-petticoat. Spectator. UNDERPIN', v. a. Under and pin. To prop; to support. Victors, to secure themselves against disputes of that kind, underpin their acquest jure belli. UN'DERPLOT, n. s. Under and plot. A concealed plot. In a tragi-comedy, there is to be but one main design; and though there be an underplot, yet it is subDryden. servient to the chief fable. The husband is so misled by tricks, and so lost in a crooked intrigue, that he still suspects an underplot. Addison. Under and praise. UNDERPRAISE', v. a. To praise below desert. Fent. Thou that art used t' attend the royal throne, And underprop the head that bears the crown. UNDERPROPORTIONED, adj. Under and proportion. Having too little proportion. To be haughty, and to make scanty and underproportioned returns of civility, plainly tells people, they must be very mannerly. Collier on Pride. Under and puller. UNDERPULLER, n.s. Inferior or subordinate puller. The mystery of seconds and thirds is such a masterters in destruction are such implicit mortals as are not piece, that no description can reach. These underpul to be matched. Collier. UNDERRATE', n. s. From the verb. A price less than is usual. To give all will befit thee well, The useless brute is from Newmarket brought, Cowley. Dryden. UNDERSAY', v.n. Under and say. Το say Obso by way of derogation or contradiction. lete. They say, they con to heaven the highway; They never set foot on that same trode, The Jews have a tradition that Elias sits in heaven, and keeps a register of all men's actions, good or bad. He hath his undersecretaries for the several nations, that take minutes of all that passes. Bacon. Under and sell. To defeat, by selling for less; to sell cheaper than an UNDERSELL', v. a. other. at ten. Their stock being rated at six in the hundred, they may, with great gain, undersell us, our stock being rated Child's Discourse of Trade. UNDERSERVANT, n. s. Under and servant. A servant of the lower class. Besides the nerves, the bones, as underservants, with the muscles, are employed to raise him up. To Grew's Cosmologia. UNDERSET, v. a. Under and set. UNDERSETTING, n. s. prop; to support: a UNDERSET Ter. S support or prop. The four corners thereof had undersetters. 1 Kings vii. 30. and well underset with rich men, and good order, held The merchant-adventurers, being a strong company, out bravely. Bacon's Henry VII. Their undersettings, or pedestals, are, in height, a third part of the column. Wotton's Architecture. Under and sheriff. UNDERSHER'IFF, n. s. The deputy of the sheriff. The cardinals of Rome call all temporal business, of wars and embassages, shirreria, which is undersheriffries; as if they were but matters for undersheriffs and catchpoles; though many times those undersheriffries do more good than their high speculations. Bacon. UNDERSHOT', part. adj. Under and shoot. Moved by water passing under it. The imprisoned water payeth the ransom of driving an undershot wheel for his enlargement. Carew's Survey of Cornwall. UNDERSONG', n. s. Under and song. Chorus; burthen of a song. So ended she; and all the rest around The challenge to Damætas shall belong; Spenser Dry. |