flows the island of Cyprus on the houfe of Lufignan, 183. His
reply to the exhortations of Fulk of Neuilly, 188.
Richard, monk of Cirencefter, his literary character, v. 365. note.
Ricimer, count, his hiftory, vi. 165. Permits Majorian to affume
the Imperial dignity in the Western empire, 169. Enjoys fupreme
power under cover of the name of the emperor Libius Severus,
183. Marries the daughter of the emperor Anthemius, 195.
Sacks Rome, and kills Anthemius, 217. His death, 218.
Rienzi, Nicholas di, his birth, character, and history, xii. 331.
Roads, Roman, the construction and great extent of, i. 81.
Robert of Courtenay, emperor of Conftantinople, xi. 270.
Robert, count of Flanders, his character and engagement in the
first crusade, xi. 32.

Robert, duke of Normandy, his character and engagement in the
firft crufade, xi. 32. Recalled by the cenfures of the church, 71.
Roderic, the Gothic king of Spain, his defeat and death by Tarik
the Arab, ix. 473.

Rodugune, probable origin of her character, in Rowe's Royal Con-
vert, vi. 402, 403. note.

Roger, count of Sicily, his exploits, and conqueft of that island, x.

281.

Roger, fon of the former, the first king of Sicily, x. 308. His
military atchievements in Africa and Greece, 311.

Roger de Flor, engages as an auxiliary in the fervice of the Greek
emperor Andronicus, xi. 347. His affaffination, 350.
Romanus I. Lecapen us, emperor of Conftantinople, ix. 58.
Romanus II. emperor of Conftantinople, ix. 61.

Romanus III. Argyrus, emperor of Conftantinople, ix. 69.

Romanus IV. Diogenes, emperor of Conftantinople, ix. 78. Is de-
feated and taken prifoner by the Turkish fultan Alp Arflan,
x. 356. His treatment, deliverance, and death, 358.

Romanus, count, governor of Africa, his corrupt administration,
iv. 301.

Romanus, governor of Bofra, betrays it to the Saracens, ix. 384,
385.
Rome, the three periods of its decline pointed out, i. Preface. Its
profperous circumftances in the second century, 1. The princi-
pal conquefts of, atchieved under the republic, 2. Conquests
under the emperors, 5. Military establishment of the emperors,
14. Naval force of the empire, 28. View of the provinces of
the empire, 30. Its general extent, 44. The union and inter-
nal profperity of the empire, in the age of the Antonines, account-
ed for, 45. Treatment of the provinces, 56. Benefits included
in the freedom of the city, 59. Diftinction between the Latin
and Greek provinces, 60. Prevalence of the Greek, as a scien-
tific language, 63. Numbers and condition of the Roman flaves,
ibid. Populoufnefs of the empire, 68. Unity and power of the
government, 69. Monuments of Roman architecture, 70. The
Roman magnificence chiefly difplayed in public buildings, 75.
Principal cities in the empire, 77. Public roads, 81. Great

improve.

The emperors
The most hap-
Their pecu-

improvements of agriculture in the western countries of the
empire, 84. Arts of luxury, 87. Commerce with the East, 88.
Contemporary reprefentation of the profperity of the empire, go.
Decline of courage and genius, 91, 92. Review of public affairs
after the battle of Actium, 95. The Imperial power and dig-
nity confirmed to Auguftus by the fenate, 98. The various cha-
racters and powers vefted in the emperor, 103. General idea of
the Imperial fyftem, 109. Abortive attempt
of the fenate to re-
fume its rights after the murder of Caligula, 116.
affeciate their intended fucceffors to power, 119.
py period in the Roman hiflory pointed out, 126.
liar mifery under their tyrants, 129. The empire publicly fold
by auction by the prætorian guards, 171. Civil wars of the Ro-
mans, how generally decided, 192. When the army first re-
ceived regular pay, 256. How the citizens were relieved from
taxation, ibid. General eftimate of the Roman revenue from the
provinces, 260. Miferies flowing from the fucceffion to the em-
pire being elective, 271. A fummary review of the Roman hif-
tory, 313. Recapitulation of the war with Parthia, 331. Inva-
fion of the provinces by the Goths, 397. The office of cenfor
revived by the emperor Decius, 400. Peace purchased of the
Goths, 406. The emperor Valerian taken prisoner by Sapor
king of Perfia, 436. The popular conceit of the thirty tyrants
of Rome investigated, 444. Famine and peftilence throughout
the empire, 455. The city fortified against the inroads of the
Alemanni, ii. 27. Remarks on the alleged fedition of the officers
of the mint under Aurelian, 50. Obfervations on the peaceful
interregnum after the death of Aurelian, 59. Colonies of
Barbarians introduced into the provinces by Probus, 82. Exhi-
bition of the public games by Carinus, 100. Treaty of peace
between the Perfians and the Romans, 153. The last triumph
celebrated at Rome, 156. How the Imperial courts came to be
transferred to Milan and Nicomedia, 158. The prætorian bands
fuperfeded by the Jovian and Herculean guards, 161. The power
of the fenate annihilated, 162. Four divifions of the empire
under four conjun&t princes, 168. Their expensive establishments
call for more burdenfome taxes, 169. Dioclefian and Maximian
abdicate the empire, 170. Six emperors exifting at one time, 208.
The fenate and people apply to Conftantine to deliver them from
the tyranny of Maxentius, 220. Conftantine enters the city
victorious, 233. Laws of Conftantine, 250. Conftantine remains
fole emperor, 264. Hiftory of the progrefs and establishment of
Chriftianity, 265. Pretenfions of the bishop of Rome, whence
deduced, 339. State of the church at Rome at the time of the
perfecution by Nero, 364. Narrative of the fire of Rome, in the
reign of Nero, 403. The Chriftians perfecuted as the incen-
diaries, 405.
The memorable edicts of Diocletian and his affo-
ciates against the Chriftians, 468.
Rome, account of the building and establishment of the rival city of
Conftantinople, iii. 4. New forms of administration established

there,

there, 30. Divifion of the empire among the fons of Conftan
tine, 133. Eftablishment of Chriftianity as the national religion,
280. Tumults excited by the rival bishops, Liberius and Fælix,
390. Paganism reftored by Julian, iv. 84. And Christianity by
Jovian, 227. The empire divided into the East and Weft, by the
emperor Valentinian, 242. Civil inflitutions of Valentinian,
The crafty avarice of the clergy reftrained by Valentinian,
270. Bloody conteft of Damafus and Urfinus for the bishopric
of Rome, 274. Great earthquake, 338.

259.

Rome, the emperor Theodofius vifits the city, v. 55. Inquiry into
the caufe of the corruption of morals in his reign, 87. Review

of the Pagan establishment, 92. The Pagan religion renounced
by the fenate, 100. Sacrifices prohibited, 103. The Pagan re-
ligion prohibited, 116. Triumph of Honorius and Stilicho, over
Alaric the Goth, 204. Alaric encamps under the walls of the
city, 255. Retrofpect of the ftate of the city when befieged by
Hannibal, ibid. Wealth of the nobles, and magnificence of the
city, 262. Character of the nobles of, by Ammianus Marcel-
linus, 267. State and character of the common people, 278.
Public diftributions of bread, &c. 280. Public baths, 282. Games
and spectacles, 284 Attempts to ascertain the population of the
city, 286. The citizens fuffer by famine, 290. Plague, 292.
The retreat of Alaric purchased by a ransom, 295. Is again be-
fieged by Alaric, 303. The fenate unites with him in electing
Attalus emperor, 305. The city feized by Alaric, and plunder-
ed, 311. Comparison between this event, and the fack of Rome
by the emperor Charles V. 322. Alaric quits Rome, and ra-
vages Italy, 325. Laws paffed for the relief of Rome, and Italy,
337. Triumph of Honorius for the reduction of Spain by Wallia,
358. Is preferved from the hands of Attila by a ransom, vi. 131.
Indications of the ruin of the empire, at the death of Valentinian
III. 142. Sack of the city by Genferic king of the Vandals,
151. The public buildings of, protected from depredation by the
laws of Majorian, 174. Is facked again by the patrician Rici-
mer, 217. Auguftulus, the laft emperor of the Weft, 222.
decay of the Roman spirit remarked, 231. Hiftory of monaftic
inftitutions in, 244. General obfervations on the hiftory of the
Roman empire, 405.

The

Rome-Italy conquered by Theodoric the Oftrogoth, vii. 13. Pro-
fperity of the city under his government, 29. Account of the
four factions in the circus, 76. First introduction of filk among
the Romans, 91. The office of conful fuppreffed by Juftinian,
152. The city receives Belifarius, 224. Siege of, by the Goths,
ibid. Diftrefsful fiege of, by Totila the Goth, 362. Is taken,
366. Is recovered by Belifarius, 370. Is again taken by Totila,
376. Is taken by the eunuch Narfes, 388. Extinction of the
fenate, 389. The city degraded to the fecond rank under the
exarchs of Ravenna, 400. A review of the Roman laws, viii. 1.
Extent of the dutchy of, under the exarchs of Ravenna, 146. Mife-
rable state of the city, 158. Pontificate of Gregory the Great, 164.
Rome,

4

1

Rome, the government of the city new modelled under the popes,
after their revolt from the Greek emperors, ix. 142. Is attacked
by the Lombards, and delivered by king Pepin, 146. The of-
fice and rank of exarchs and patricians explained, 153. Recep-
tion of Charlemagne by pope Adrian I. 154, 155. Origin of
the temporal power of the popes, 156. Mode of electing a pope,
195. Is menaced by the Saracens, x. 61. Profperous pontifi
cate of Leo IV. 64. Is befieged and taken by the emperor
Henry III. 302. Great part of the city burnt by Robert Guif-
card, in the caufe of pope Gregory VII. 304.

The hiftory of, refumed, after the capture of Conftantinople
by the Turks, xii. 256. French and German emperors of, 258.
Authority of the popes, 260. Restoration of the republican form
of government, 277. Office of fenator, 285. Wars against the
neighbouring cities, 297. Inftitution of the Jubilee, 310. Re-
volution in the city, by the tribune Rienzi, 331. Calamities

flowing from the fchifm of the papacy, 369. Statutes and govern-
ment of the city, 380. Porcaro's confpiracy, 383. The eccle-
fiaftical government of, 391. Reflections of Poggius on the ruin
of the city, 395. Four principal caufes of its ruin specified, 400.
The Coliseum of Titus, 418. Restoration and ornaments of the
city, 428.

Romilda, the betrayer of Friuli to the Avars, her cruel treatment by
them, viii. 227.

Rofamond, daughter of Cunimund king of the Gepidæ, her marriage
with Alboin king of the Lombards, viii. 119. Confpires his
murder, 129. Her flight and death, 131.

Roum, the Seljukian kingdom of, formed, x. 372.

Rudbeck, Olaus, fummary abridgment of the argument in his At-
lantica, i. 351.

Rufinus, the confidential minifter of the emperor Theodofius the
Great, ftimulates his cruelty against Theffalonica, v. 66. His
character and adminiftration, 139. His death, 157, 158.
Rugilas, the Hun, his fettlement in Hungary, vi. 38.
Runic characters, the antiquity of, traced, i. 352, nate.
Ruffia, origin of the monarchy of, x. 219. Geography and trade
of, 223. Naval expeditions of the Ruffians against Conftanti-
nople, 228. Reign of the czar Swatoflaus, 233. The Ruffians
converted to Chriftianity, 238. Is conquered by the Moguls,
xi. 420.

Ruftan, a Perfian nobleman, a faying of his, expreffive of the danger
of living under defpots, i. 129.

Rutilius, his character of the monks of Capraria, v. 167, 168.

S

Sabellius the herefiarch, his opinions afterward adopted by his anta-
gonists, iii. 237. His doctrine of the Trinity, 331. The Sabel-
lians unite with the Tritheifts at the council of Nice to overpower
the Arians, 334.

Sabians, their aftronomical mythology, ix. 249.

Sabinian

Sabinian obtains the command of the Eastern provinces from Cons
ftantius, iii. 211.

Sabinian, general of the Eaft, is defeated by Theodoric the Oftro-
goth king of Italy, vii. 24.

Sabinians, origin of the fect of, in the Roman civil law, viii. 30.
Sadducees, account of that fect among the Jews, ii.`299.
Saladin, his birth, promotion, and character, xi. 129. Conquers
the kingdom of Jerufalem, 136. His ineffectual fiege of Tyre,
140. Siege of Acre, 142. His negotiations with Richard I. of
England, 149. His death, 151.

Salerno, account of the medical fchool of, x. 278.

Salic laws, hiftory of, vi. 343.

Salluft, the præfect, and friend of the emperor Julian, declines the
offer of the diadem on his death, iv. 204. Declines it again on
the death of Jovian, 235.
Is retained in his employment by

the emperor Valentinian, 241.

Salluft, the hiftorian, by what funds he raifed his palace on the
Quirinal hill, v. 318. note.

Salona, the retreat of the emperor Diocletian, described, ii. 177.
Salvian, his account of the diftrefs and rebellion of the Bagaude,
vi. 144. note.

Samanides, the Saracen dynasty of, x. 81.

Samaritans, perfecution and extinction of, by the emperor Juftinian,
viii. 323.

Samuel the prophet, his afhes conveyed to Conftantinople, v. 125,

126.

Sapor, king of Perfia, procures the affaffination of Chofroes king of
Armenia, and feizes the country, i. 435. Defeats the emperor
Valerian, and takes him prifoner, 436. Sets up Cyriades as fuc-
ceffor to Valerian in the Roman empire, 437. Over-runs Syria,
Cilicia, and Cappadocia, 438. His death, ii. 41.

Sapor, the fon of Hormouz, is crowned king of Perfia before his
birth, iii. 135. His character and early heroifm, 136. Haraffes
the Eastern provinces of the Roman empire, 139. Battle of Sin-
gara, against the emperor Conftantius, 140. His fon brutally
killed by Conftantius, 142. His feveral attempts on Nifibis,
ibid. Concludes a truce with Conftantius, 145. His haughty
propofitions to Conftantius, 201. Invades Mefopotamia, 204.
Reduces Amida, 208. Returns home, 210. His peaceful over-
tures to the emperor Julian, iv. 143. His confternation at the
fucceffes of Julian, 186. Haraffes the retreat of the Romans,
194. His treaty with the emperor Jovian, 209. His reduction
of Armenia, and death, 311. 315.

Saracen, various definitions of that appellation, ix. 233. note.
Saracens, fucceffions of the caliphs of, ix. 332. Their rapid con-
quefts, 361. Conquest of Perfia, 372. Siege of Damafcus, 385.
Battle of Yermuk, and conqueft of Syria, 406. Of Egypt, 425.
Invafions of Africa, 448. Their military character, x. 144.
Sarbar, the Perfian general, joins the Avars in befieging Conftanti-
nople, viii. 243. Revolts to the emperor Heraclius, 247.

Sardinia,