THE

CABINET CYCLOPÆDIA,

CONDUCTED BY THE

REV. DIONYSIUS LARDNER, LL.D. F.R.S. L. & E.

M.R.I.A. F.L.S. F.Z.S. Hon. F.C.P.S. M.Ast.S. &c. &c.

UNIVE

IVERSITY
LONDON:
LONGMAN, REES, ORME, BROWN, AND GREEN.

BOSTON:
LILLY, WAIT, & COMPANY.

1833.

THE GIFT OF
JARNARD SHIPP

CONTENTS.

BOOK V.

CHAP. I.

PROGRESS OF GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCE,

Geographical Science in the Middle Ages.-Errors of Antiquity adopted by the

Learned.-Supposed Longitudes of Nuremberg and Rome; of Ferrara and

Cadiz.-Improvements in Maps.-Doubtfulness respecting the Distance and

Separation of Asia and America.-Galileo.-Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites

employed to find the Longitude.- Observations of Picard. The Map of

France reformed.-Labours of Cassini.-Chazelles rectifies the Map of the

Mediterranean. Geography reformed by Delisle.-Peter the Great visits

him.-D'Anville.--Influence of Newton.-Halley.-His Voyage to St. He-

lena.--He invites the Attention of the Learned to the Transit of Venus.

Studies Physical Geography.- Improves the Theory of Lunar Motions.-Belief

in the Existence of a Southern Continent.--Dalrymple.-His Plans of Colo-

nization, and Code of Laws

- Page 13

CHAP. II.

VOYAGES OF BYRON, WALLIS, CARTERET, ETC.

Motives of the French to make Geographical Discoveries. The Falkland

Islands.-Appearance of Forests.--Tameness of Game.-Settlement made

by Bougainville.- Voyage of Commodore Byron.-His Instructions.-Search

for Pepys Island.-Intercourse with the Patagonians.-Port Egmont.-Isl-

ands of Disappointment.-King George's Islands.-Tinian.-Wallis and

Carteret.-Their Separation.-Wallis arrives at Otaheite.-Conduct of the

Natives.-Carteret discovers Pitcairn's Island.-The Solomon Islands.-

New Ireland.—The Falkland Islands surrendered to Spain.-Voyage of

Bougainville round the World.-Anecdote of Baré.-The New Cyclades.--

Louisiade

- - 28

CHAP. III.

cook's FIRST VOYAGE.

Early Life of Cook.-His firet Promotion in the Navy.-Surveys the St. Law-

rence.-Appointed to survey. Newfoundland.-His Proficiency in Mathe-

matics.-Transit of Venus.-Intractability of Dalrymple.-Cook chosen in

his Stead.-Portuguese Ignorance.-Attempt to explore Tierra Del Fuego.

Arrival at Otaheite.-The Transit observed.-Character of the People.

Tupia sails with Cook. --The Society Islands.--Traditions respecting El-

ropean Ships.-Geography of the Natives.-Oheteroa.--The Eastern Shores

of New Zealand discovered.Some Natives captured. Found to be Canni-

bals.-Their Arts. A large River explored.-Queen Charlotte's Sound.

Cook's Straits discovered.-New Zealand circumnavigated. The east Coast

of New Holland.-Botany Bay.-Narrow Escape from Shipwreck.-En-

deavour Straits discovered.-Possession taken of New South Wales.-Death

of Tupia.- Return of Cook

33

CHAP. IV.

COOK'S SECOND VOYAGE.

Question of a Southern Continent still unsettled.--Second Expedition under the

Command of Cook.--Cape Circumcision.-Ice found towards the South.

Aurora Australis.--Arrival at New Zealand.-Course of the Adventure.

Van Diemen's Land.-Useful Animals left in New Zealand.-Voyage across

the Southern Pacific.-Dramatic Ferformances in Otaheite.-Omai and Oe-

didee embark in the Ships:-Amsterdam and Middleburg Islands.-Their

Cultivation-Proofs of Cannibalism at New Zealand.-Voyage across the

Antarctic Beas.-Land of Juan Fernandez.-Easter Island.- Description of

the Images.--The Marquesas.-Beauty of the People.-Otaheite.-Trade in

red Feathers.-Great Naval Review.-Friendly Islands revisited.-Extent

of the Group. The New Hebrides examined.-New Caledonia discovered.-

Norfolk Island.-Voyage from New Zealand to Cape Horn.-The Southern

Thule or Sandwich Land.-Arrival of Cook in England. --Lamentable Occur-

rence in Queen Charlotte's Sound

.

.

. 45

CHAP. V.

COOK'S THIRD VOYAGE.

Voyage of Surville.--He discovers the Land of the Arsacides.--He visits New

Zealand.- Discoveries of Lieutenant Shortland.-Voyage of Marion du

Fresne.--He touches at New Zealand.-His lamentable Death.-Kerguelen

discovers Land in the Southern Atlantic.-His Reception at Court.-He

sails a second Time.- His Disgrace.-Honours paid to Cook on his Return.

--Hopes of a North-West Passage revived.--Expedition of Phipps to the

North Pole.-Cook appointed a third Time to command an Expedition.-

His Instructions.-Regret of Omai on leaving England.-The Land of Deso-

lation.-Van Diemen's Land.-Error of Captain Furneaux.-Live Stock Jest

in Queen Charlotte's Sound.-Mangeea discovered.—Wateeo. -Omai's Ex-

aggerations.-Shipwrecked Islanders.-Visit to the Friendly Islands.-Gen-

erosity of the King.-Extent of his Dominion.-Accounts of the neighbour-

ing Islands.-Horses landed at Otaheite.-Wonder of the Natives. Omai

settled at Huaheine.-Further Accounts of him

• 58

CHAP. VI.

cook's THIRD VOYAGE CONTINUED.

The Sandwich Islands discovered by Cook.-His Arrival at Nootka Sound.

Manners of the People.--Examination of the American Coast.-Cook's Riv-

er.---Distance between Asia and America determined.-The Ships stopped

by Ice in the Polar Sea.- The Russian Fur Traders.-Enterprise of Ledyard.

--Return to the Sandwich Islands.-Owhyhee surveyed.-Friendliness of the

Natives.-The Ships leave the Island, but are obliged to returp.-Altered

Conduct of the Natives.-Boat stolen.-Fatal Affray.--Death of Cook.-

Second Attempt to navigate the Polar Sea.-Death of Captain Clark and of

Anderson.- Arrival at Macao.-Generous Conduct of the French Govern-

ment.-Sale of Furs in Canton.-Effect of sudden Riches on the Seamen.-

Return of the Expedition.-Merits of Cook.-His Discoveries.-His Surveys

and Observations.-Care of his Seamen's Health.-Results of his Voyages. -

New Holland colonised.-Trade in the Pacific

. 69

CHAP. VII.

VOYAGE OF LA PEROUSE, ETC.

Emulation of the French.-La Perouse appointed to command an Expedition.

Big Instructions. Visit to Easter Island.--Account of the Statues -Arts of
the People.-Sandwich Islands.-American Coast.-Port des Francois.-An

Island purchased by the French.-Calamitous Occurrence there.- Voyage to

Macao, Japanese Seas.-Coast of Tatary.Baie de Ternai.-Sagaleen.

Information derived from the People.-Strait of La Perouse.- Arrival at

Kamtschatka.-Monument to Captain Clerke.-M. Lesseps despatched over

Land to Europe.-Navigators' Islands.-Massacre of the French by the Na-

tives.-Voyage to Botany --Letter of La Perouse.-Mystery respecting his

Fate.-His Merits.-Decree of the National Assembly.-D’Entrecasteauex

sails in search of him.-Fate of his Expedition-Adventure at the Feejee

Islands.-Inforination obtained by Captain Dillon at Tucopia. He returns

to seek Vestiges of the French.-.Visits Malicolo.--Account of the Ship-

wreck given by the Natives.-Relics collected. Results

• 80

CHAP. VIII.

EUROPEANS IN THE SOUTH SEA.

Arrival of the Penrhyn at Otaheite. C'aptain Watts pretends that Cook still

lives.--- Voyage of Captain Bligh.-His stay at Otaheite.-Mutineers seize the

Bounty..-Surprising Voyage of Bligh in an open Boat.-The Mutineers sail

to Otaheite.-Carry off the live Stock.-Proceed to Toobooai.--Obliged to

return.-The Bounty sails from Otalaeite by Night.-Is heard of no more.-

The Mutineers seized.-The Pandora wrecked.-Bligh's second Voyage.-

Hete-Hete accompanies him to the West Indies.-The Posterity of the Muti-

neers found on Pitcairn's Island.- Description of the People.-History of

their Settlement.--The Antelope wrecked at the Pelew Islands.-Prince Lee

Boo visits England.-Changes effected in the South Sea Islands.- Increased

Value of Iron. -Old Arts forgotten.-Influence of European Traders.-Revo-

lution in the Sandwich Islands,.-The Missionaries.--The Art of Printing in-

troduced into Otaheite.-In Justry of the New Zealanders.-Christianity

embraced by the Friendly Islanders

94

CHAP. IX.

THE (JOASTS OF AUSTRALIA.

Unknown Coasts of New Holland.—Establishment of a Colony at Port Jackson.

-Coal discovered on the Coast.-Voyages of Bass and Flinders in a small

Boat.-Bass proceeds to the South.-Discovers Port Western.-Flinders vis-

its the Furneaux Islands .-Flinders and Bass discover Port Dalrymple.-Cir-

cumnavigate Van Diem'en's Land.-Bass's Straits.-Flinders appointed to

survey the Coasts of New Holland. He examines the Southern Coast.-

Spencer's Gulf.-Port Fhilip.--Examination of the Eastern Coast.-Flinders

passes Torres Straits.--Surveys the Gulf of Carpentaria.-Meets a Fleet of

Malays.-Repairs to Ti mor.-Returns to Port Jackson.--Sails in the Lady

Nelson.-The Cato and Lady Nelson wrecked.--The Crews saved.-Flinders

goes to Port Jackson in an open Boat.--Returns and rescues the Crews.-

Sets sail for England in a small Schooner.-Touches at Mauritius, and is

detained as a Prisoner.--Expedition of Baudin.-The French meet Flinders.

-Explore the Swan Ri ver.-Sharks' Bay.Their Encomiums on the Colo-

ny at Port Jackson

103

CHAP. X.

INT ERIOR OF NEW HOLLAND.

Captain King's Surveys.--Port Essington discovered.-The Malays.-The Alli-

gator Rivers.--Melville and Bathurst Islands.-Apsley Strait examined.

The North-West Coas t.-York Sound.-Regent River.-Cunningham Inlet.

-Exmouth Gulf.--Archipelago. -Unexplored Points.-Early Attempts to

cross the Blue Mounts dins. Failure of Bass and others.-Routes into the In-

terior discovered.-Oxley's Expedition down the Lachlan. He reaches a

great Morass.-Second Journey to explore the Macquarie.-The Country

inundated.-Returns through a fine unexplored Country.-Discoveries of