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Numerous other submass of historical materials The jects are illustrated by Papers, few Northern Rebellion of 1566-67; of which have been previously the plots of the Catholic fugitives | known. London: LONGMANS & CO. and TRÜBNER & CO. Oxford: Parker & Co. Cambridge: Macmillan & Co. Edinburgh: A. & C. Black. Dublin: A. Thom. LA PRICE FOURPENCE. POSTHUMOUS WORK BY JOHN HARLAND, F.S.A. Crown 8vo. 68.; large paper copies, bound Roxburgh, 158. Nearly ready. ANCASHIRE LEGENDS, TRADITIONS, &c. By JOHN HARLAND, F.S.A., and T. T. WILKINSON, F.R.A.S. A Portrait of Mr. Harland, engraved from a fine photograph by C. A. Du Val & Co., will be given. In the large paper copies the portrait will be on India paper, and have the earliest impression of the plate. Orders for large paper should be given immediately, as the number will be limited. London: G. ROUTLEDGE & SONS. Manchester: L. C. GENT. BIBLIA SACRA POLYGLOTTA. Hic Liber continet:-Prolegomena in Biblia Polyglotta; Biblia Hebraica, ex editione celeberrima Everardi Van der Hooght, quæ A.D. 1705 lucem vidit, punctis vocalibus et accentibus instructa; Versionem Græcam Septuaginta Seniorum, juxta exemplar Vaticanum, a Cardinali Carafa in lucem emissum; Novum Testamentum Græcum juxta textum, ut aiunt, Receptum; Biblia Sacra Vulgatæ Editionis Sixti V. et Clementis VIII jussu recognita atque edita; Versionem Anglicanam, lectionibus marginalibus, numerisque loca parallela indicantibus adornatam; Versionem Germanicam a Martino Luthero; Versionem Gallicam a Johanne Frederico Ostervald; Versionem Italianam a Giovanni Diodati; Versionem Hispanicam a Patre Scio; Novum Testamentum Hebraicum a Gulielmo Greenfield; et in Appendice,-Syrorum Novi Testamenti Versionem, quam Peschito nuncupant, juxta exemplar Vieuneuse a Johanne Alberto Widmanstadio, A.D. 1555 typis mandatum, literis Syriacis atque punctis vocalibus instructam, cumque collatione editionis quam Societas ad Biblia Sacra evul ganda instituta in lucem emisit; Pentateuchum Hebræo-Samaritanum juxta Keanicotti editionem; Varias Lectiones in Versionem LXX. ex editione Grabii; Lectionis Varietates in Novum Testamentum Græcum, e notis Griesbachii ductas. 2 vols. folio. Bound in best Roxburghe .. Turkey morocco.. :: Antique do. tooled £8 8 0 12 12 0 16 16 0 The BIBLE of EVERY LAND. Contents:-A History of the Sacred Scriptures in every Language and Dialect into which Translations have been made. Illustrated by Specimen portions in Native Characters, Series of Alphabets, Coloured Ethnographical Maps, Tables, Indexes, &c. 475 pp. 4to. half bound, new style, ll. 18. The The ENGLISH HEXAPLA. Greek Original of the New Testament Scriptures, with Six Vernacular English Versions, arranged in Parallel Columns beneath it. The Greek text is printed in the boldest type, and accompanied with various readings and collations of different recensions. The six Translations and the original Greek are presented to the eye at one view; and the whole is preceded by an Introduction full of interesting memorials of the translations and the translators. The several Versions of the English Hexapla areA.D. 1380. WICLIF'S Version-the harbinger of the Reformation. A.D. 1534. TYNDALE'S own Revised Edition, printed at Antwerp. A.D. 1539. The Version printed under the care of Archbishop CRANMER. A.D. 1557. The Translation made and printed by the EXILES at GENEVA, during Queen Mary's reign. A.D. 1582. The Version prepared by the POPISH COLLEGE of RHEIMS. A.D. 1611. The present Translation, as authorized by King JAMES the FIRST. Extra demy 4to. price 21. 28. Kept bound in calf, and Turkey morocco, and Russia flexible styles. London: SAMUEL BAGSTER & SCNS, 15, Paternoster Row. NEW AND FORTHCOMING BOOKS. The LIBRARY EDITION of the WORKS of GARETH and LYNETTE, &c. By ALFRED TEN ALFRED TENNYSON, D.C. L., Poet-Laureate. Vols. V. and VI. completing the Edition. Post 8vo. 108. 6d. each. [In a few days. ***In order to render this Edition quite complete, it has been enlarged to six volumes, and will include the whole of Mr. Tennyson's New Work. A NEW WORK. By Sir ARTHUR HELPS, K.C.B. Crown 8vo. [Immediately. NYSON, D.C.L., Poet-Laureate. Small 8vo. 58. The TRUE HISTORY of JOSHUA DAVIDSON. Crown 8vo. 58. Second Edition. MEMORIALS of a QUIET LIFE. By Augustus J. C. HARE. With 2 Steel Portraits. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 218. **This work consists chiefly of the letters and journals of Maria, widow of Augustus W. Hare, Rector of Alton-Barnes, and the immediate circle in which her life was passed. With these Memorials are were the Authors of the " Guesses at Truth." MEN of the THIRD REPUBLIC. Reprinted from united those of the Two Brothers," Augustus and Julius Hare, who the Daily News. With large Additions and carefully Revised. Crown 8vo. [Immediately. The PRESENCE of GOD in HIS TEMPLE. By C. J. VAUGHAN, D.D. Small 8vo. 38. 6d. WALKS in FLORENCE. By JOANNA and SUSAN HANDBOOK of SOCIAL ECONOMY; or, the HORNER. With Illustrations. 2 vols. crown 8vo. The CHARACTER of ST. PAUL. HOWSON, D.D., Dean of Chester. Crown 8vo. [Immediately. Worker's A, B, C. Translated from the French of EDMOND "M. About has brought into a science which some people consider dry By J. S. all that liveliness which distinguishes his other writings. While you [Shortly. feel that he is writing with perfect seriousness, and recognize the value of the information he gives, you are hurried along almost as easily as in reading one of his novels. To those who think that no scientific work can be of any value if written in this style and spirit, it is enough of answer to refer them to the book itself."-Scotsman. WILFRID CUMBERMEDE. By GEORGE MAC DONALD, LL.D. Popular Edition. In 1 vol. crown 8vo. 68. "A very beautiful book, which will delight Mr. Macdonald's great circle of admirers."-Spectator. MARGARET. By C. C. FRASER-TYTLER, Author of "Jasmine Leigh." 2 vols. crown svo. 218. THOUGHTS on RECENT SCIENTIFIC CON CLUSIONS and their RELATION to RELIGION. Crown Svo. 58. 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With a Preface by C. J. VAUGHAN, D.D., Master of the Temple. Crown 8vo. 58 "We most cordially thank Dr. Vaughan for having introduced us to a work which, for its high tone and manly bearing, should be studied by every English officer. One of the most hopeful signs for the regeneration of France is the publication and popularity of such a book."- Westminster Review. Third and Enlarged Edition. FIELD FORTIFICATION. By Major KNOLLYS. WALKS in ROME. By AUGUSTUS J. C. HARE. With numerous Illustrations and Diagrams. Crown 8vo. [In a few days. 2 vols. crown 8vo. 218. "The best handbook to the city and environs of Rome ever publishedIt cannot be too much commended."-Pall Mall Gazette. The HUMAN INTELLECT, with an Introduction upon Psychology and the Soul. By NOAH PORTER, D.D. President of Yale College. Demy 8vo. 168. "We have treatises and lectures of all degrees of merit on Psychology and Metaphysics, but Dr. Porter's work presents us with a more emplete and impartial survey of this whole region of inquiry than has been ever before offered to the student A man might appeal to such a work as the worthy product of a life."-Blackucia's Magazine. STRAHAN & CO. 56, Ludgate Hill, London. LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 30, 1872. CONTENTS. - N° 257. NOTES:-Shakspeariana, 425-Sir Walter Scott's Geography, 426-Good Conduct Medals for British Soldiers-Political There is no proverbial saying in Shakespeare more trite and common than that from Hamlet, act ii. sc. 2, "I know a hawk from a handsaw." The commentators, with almost one voice, seem to Ballads-Parallel Passages, 427-The Corporation of London be agreed either that "handsaw" is a misprint for and the County of Salop Harmonious Accident- Mr. "hernshaw or that the passage was a familiar proDisraeli on Critics-Early Poem-Strikes, 428-Greffry= Grey Friar-Use of the Accusative Pronoun- Epitaph-verb, already corrupted before it was adopted by Ancient Bernaise Custom-Church Floors declining from West to East, 429-Belted Will": Lord William Howard- Surnames-Copies of Statues, Busts, &c. - German Pro QUERIES:-Authors Wanted, 430-Lancashire Scholars 432. de Brus-Marie Fagnani-“When life looks lone and dreary," 435-Skull Superstition-Sir John Lubbock on "Felis Catus" “Estel,” 436-"McLeod of Dunvegan"-Swallows at Venice Twas in Trafalgar Bay"—Ancient Ring, 437— Legh Richmond's "Young Cottager"-Lady CherrytreesSir David Watkins-Hunter's Moon-Russel's Process of Engraving-Painter Wanted-Fungus in Bread-The "Anaconda" Miniature Portrait of the Earl of RochesterMossman Family, 438-Frisca-" Lines on a Cow"-"Whom the gods love," &c.-Scottish Territorial Baronies-" Owen -Mastiff-Smothering for Hydrophobia, 439-Killingno Murder-An "End"-"I came in the morning"-" Fair Science" - Alliteration - Nelson Memorial Rings, 440 Mansfield, Ramsay & Co.-"Heaf," 441. Notes on Books, &c. OUR CHRISTMAS NUMBER, to be published on Saturday, the 21st December, will, as usual, contain a number of interesting papers on Folk Lore, Popular Antiquities, Old Ballads, &c. We shall feel obliged if Correspondents, who are desirous of furnishing Christmas illustrations, will forward them at their earliest convenience. Notes. SHAKSPEARIANA. Shakespeare. Let us glance at its history. The editio princeps of the play, issued in 1603, does not contain the passage, the drama having been published "as it hath beene diverse times acted by his Highnesse Servants in the Cittie of London," &c. In the 4to. of 1604 the passage first occurs: "I knowe a hauke from a hand saw"; the "hand saw" being in Roman lower case, in two words. The 4to. of 1605 is identical-in fact, the same edition, with the alteration of the date. In the first folio (1623) the expression is "Handsaw" in a single word, with the initial capital, and this form, with the exception of the capital letter, has usually been followed since. The evidence from these early editions is decidedly against any misprint. The alteration in the form in the edition of 1623 shows that the passage had undergone revision, and was sanctioned by the editors. The assumption of Johnson, that this was a common proverbial speech (originally hernshaw), which the poet found thus corrupted in the mouths of the people, is altogether gratuitous. If such a proverb as "I know a hawk from a hernshaw" had been a common expression, it seems singular that no instance of the kind can be produced from our early literature. If Shakespeare had intended to mean hernshaw, there could be no reason why he should not have so written it. There can be no doubt that handsaw was written by the poet, and there is not the slightest evidence to show that he did not mean it. It is singular that whilst critics have racked their brains to explain away the insoluble "handsaw," few or no questions have been asked as to the meaning of "hawk." It appears to have been taken for granted that it refers to the bird so called, and can mean nothing else. But is not this rather a petitio principii? Has any search been made for another "hawk" which would have more relevance with a handsaw than a bird of prey has? The explanation of many obscure passages in our great dramatist has been facilitated of late years by antiquarian research, opening up sources of information which were unknown by the earlier commentators. The marvellous insight displayed by Shakespeare in regard to all human occupations led to the use of technical terms, familiar enough Shakespeare's illustrations are brought from at the time, but since overlooked or forgotten. A every ordinary occupation in life. The tailor, shoeremarkable paper in the last number of the Edin-maker, weaver, tinker, fuller, smith, &c., all burgh Review illustrates this, and explains very satisfactorily several passages which have hitherto seemed hopeless puzzles, by reference to terms of the chase now altogether obsolete. I believe this principle may be pursued further with success, and propose to apply it to a very familiar passage, the explanation of which has up to the present time been anything but satisfactory. display themselves in their familiar handicrafts, and give zest and vraisemblance to the scenes in which they are introduced. The building trades have their fair representation, the bricklaying and plastering especially seem to have attracted attention. In the second part of King Henry VI., act iv. sc. 2, Cade says, " My father was a Mortimer," when Dick replies (aside), "He was an honest man and a good bricklayer." Further on, Sir Humphrey I know how to discriminate between my own ignorant of his birth and parentage, Became a bricklayer when he came to age." Smith, the weaver, adds,— "Sir, he made a chimney in my father's house, and the bricks are alive this day to testify it; therefore deny it not." But it is in the Midsummer Night's Dream that the poet's acquaintance with building operations shows to the greatest advantage. The description of the immortal "Wall" indicates a technical knowledge of the plasterer's employment. In act iii. sc. 1, Quince says, "We must have a wall in the great chamber; for Pyramus and Thisby, says the story, did talk through the chink of a wall. SNUG. You can never bring in a wall. What say you, Bottom? BOTTOM. Some man or other must present Wall; and let him have some plaster or some lome (lime) or some roughcast about him, to signify Wall." The idea would only have occurred to one who was familiar both with the tools and materials of the plasterer's art. Again, in act v. sc. 1, when the play is acted, Prologue says:— "This man with lime and roughcast doth present Wall, that vile wall which did these lovers sunder." The Wall itself speaks out, "This loam, this roughcast, and this stone doth show That I am that same wall; the truth is so.' Theseus says, "Would you desire lime and hair to speak better?" This conceit of the wall seems to have tickled the poet's fancy, for it is apostrophized and alluded to again and again, until, its duty being done, Wall takes his leave, "Thus have I, Wall, my part discharged so; And being done, thus Wall away doth go.' Shakespeare then, I conceive, was familiar with the builder and his tools of every kind. A handsaw as a builder's tool would naturally fall into a proverbial comparison with another builder's tool, and such we find in the hawk, used by the operative plasterer. This is a thin board, about eighteen inches or two feet square, held in the left hand of the workman, much in the same way as a painter's pallet, but by a handle or stele on the underside. This holds the plaster of lime and hair which is floated on the wall or ceiling by a trowel in the right hand. The supply of material is brought from time to time by an assistant, called the hawk-boy. A proverbial expression, drawn from a comparison of implements used in the building trade, would be very natural. It is equivalent to saying, "I am no fool, I understand my own business. An old "saw" of a somewhat similar kind is employed by the vulgar of the present day to indicate extreme stupidity: "He doesn't know a B from a bull's foot." original word, some meaning different from that If "handsaw" in the text be, as I think, the of a bird must be sought for to represent the hawk. I have here suggested one, with what success my readers must judge. the Midland counties, and especially Oxfordshire, SIR WALTER SCOTT'S GEOGRAPHY. to be displayed in the Waverley Novels took the The knowledge of particular localities supposed lication; and now-a-days I hear Leicestershire men reading world by storm at the time of their pubexpress their wonder at Scott's mentioning Groby Pool, and referring to beans as the favourite diet of men of that county. Now, this seemingly intimate acquaintance with different districts, as shown by reference to local customs and citation of local sayings, is at first very surprising, but soon ceases to be so on examination. And generally the wide they must be the joint work of several hands, is range of knowledge exhibited in these books,' truly marvellous; but after an analysis of its which led Tom Moore, indeed, to maintain that quality and origin, much of the wonder mostly disappears. Of this great writer's carelessness about geoCedric, in Ivanhoe (1st ed., vol. ii. chap vii.), fall graphical details I will give an instance. He makes of Stamford Bridge as fought at Stamford on the into the schoolboy's error of speaking of the Battle Welland, which is made the more conspicuous by a foot-note about the river, in which he quotes Drayton. In the "red-linen" (vol. i. chap. xxi.) this "great topographical blunder" is corrected in a note, where the equally great edition of 1832 blunder is committed of placing Stamford in Leicestershire. chapter of the Heart of Mid Lothian (1st ed., I will confine my further remarks to a single vol. iii. chap. iv.), being that in which occur the Great North Road; and first we read of Gunners'two phrases referred to above. We are on the bury Hill. This is meant for Gonerby Hill, near Grantham, and was subsequently altered to Gunnerby. We travel with Jeanie through Ferry bridge and Tuxford, and reach Newark, where the landlord of the inn indulges us with three local proverbs in one speechlet: "I'll thatch Groby pool wi' pancakes"; "They hold together no better than the men of Marsham when they lost their common"; and "Grantham gruel, nine grots and a gallon of water"; and half apologizes for another profound pull at the tankard with, "The same again, quoth Mark of Bellgrave." Further on one of the highwaymen says to his companion, "I'll give ye a shake by the collar shall make the Leicester beans rattle in thy guts." Now, at first sight, this seems to be the fruit of long travel or sojourn in the centre of England; but the fact is, that the use of these five proverbs, and the reference made in the same chapter to the vale of Bever, and "a muckle blue hill they ca' Ingleboro'," required only that Sir Walter should take down from his bookshelves Ray's Proverbs or Grose's Provincial Glossary (a work wholly indebted to the former in the matter of proverbs), and the thing was done: for there, tabulated under the head of each county, are the sayings peculiar to each; and to one of these two, or some similar book, we owe a familiarity, prima facie, so remarkable. J. H. I. OAKLEY. GOOD CONDUCT MEDALS FOR BRITISH SOLDIERS. At the date of the outbreak of the American Colonists against Great Britain, among the Royal Forces then in garrison on the other side of the Atlantic appears to have been the 5th Regiment of Foot, whose Colonel was Hugh, Earl Percy, a Lieut.-General of the King's armies; and in this regiment, at the period referred to, there seem to have been three different orders of merit for the private men, viz.— "First, a gilded medal larger than a Johannes, hanging on a button at the left lapel by a ribbon (as the Croix de St. Louis of France) in the most conspicuous part, with St. George and the Dragon (the ancient badge of this corps) on one side, over which is this motto Quo fata vocant !' On the reverse, vth FOOT, MERIT. "Seven years' good behaviour entitles a soldier to this honour, with which he is invested at the head of the battalion, by the hands of the commanding officer. "The second medal is of silver, as large as a three and four penny piece, and differs only in this respect from the other." This was a "reward of fourteen years' military merit." "The third is also of silver, with this addition. ' A. O., after twenty-one years' good and faithful service as a soldier, hath received from his commanding officer this honourable testimony of his merit.' He also has an oval badge of the colour of the facings on his right breast, embroidered round with wreaths of gold and silver, and in the centre Merit, in letters of gold. "The soldiers thus distinguished are such only as never have in seven, fourteen, and twenty-one years incurred the censure of a court-martial; and should any of them by misbehaviour (which rarely happens) forfeit his pretensions of being longer enrolled among the Men of Merit, the medal is cut off by the drum-major in the same public manner it was conferred. Earl Percy, the present Colonel, ever foremost in meritorious deeds, keeps up this order with all the proper dignity it deserves, and from the good effects produced by it in this corps, it were to be wished others would follow and attend to so laudable an example. The authority for the existence of these good conduct medals is a highly-curious work (8vo.), the title-page of which runs thus: # "Military Collections and Remarks: published by Major Donkin. New York: Printed by H. Gaine at the Bible and Crown in Hanover Square, 1777.” I came across the above book in the library at Charleston, South Carolina; and as it appears to have been published under peculiar circumstances, I propose to send, shortly, a memorandum thereon, for the chance that it may interest the readers of "N. & Q." CRESCENT. Wimbledon. POLITICAL BALLADS. I found the following verses in MS. amongst a pile of family charters, deeds, and papers. Might I ask if it is known who wrote them, or to what review they refer? They may be by a Nonjuring ancestor. "THE REVIEW. Great G- advancing on the plain, To view his Horse and C The godly Blessings of his Reign. The trumpets sound, The field all blaz'd with arms; Their Tactics show, And Hellen shows her charms. e, One while you'd think for War he burns, You'd think when he surveys his men When he surveys his Dame. Castle Bromwich. C. CHATTOCK. PARALLEL PASSAGES. COWPER AND COWLEY.-Has it ever been noticed that Cowper's often-quoted line, "God made the country, and man made the town," is an imitation of one by Cowley?— * R. Donkin, sometime A.D.C. to Earl Granard in Ireland about 1767, and either A.D.C. or Military Secretary to General Rufane, Governor of Martinique (and subsequently known as Sir Rufane Donkin). |