75.5 80.4

76.7

67.0

55.4

36

7

31.2

27.7

29.4

38.0,

44.0

66.7)

51.30 |

71.0 75.5 70.3 63.8 50.6 35.1 36.5 16.3 18.4 33.8 48.9 61.8 48.5
69.7 76.4 75.8 64.4 51.8 36.2 18.8, 33.8 34.2 31.6 52.6 63.5 59.31
71.4 76.9 74.3 69.8 55.3 38.9 42.9 22.0 38.0 32.5 50.7 62.1 52.9
70.6 81.5 77.7 67.3 54.3 44.0 23.8 34.9 38.4 50.4 58.8 60.2 55.17
72.1 80.6 75.0 62.9 61.6 42.7 26.9 22.6 29.8 42.6 52.2 66.8 52.99
73.9 77.7 77.5 65.4 51.2 31.5 24.1 41.3 36.3 40.0 53.8 68.9 53.46
72.7 79.9 70.2 72.4 57.0 39.6 37.6 18.8 24.9 33.7 46.8 69.8 51.95
71.1 72.4 73.4 66.1 58.6 42.8 27.7 28.1 39 5 41.7 53.7 56.8 52.64
69.7 76.0 71.2 62.7 51.5 42.8 31.8 15.5 24.9 35.3 54.0 598 49.6
71.5 75.0 72.0 71.1 58.4 40.6 23 0 18.7 27.5 87.3 50.6 62.3 50.66
70.4 78.5 70.0 64.6 49.4 40.0 28.7 16.3 16.4 34.7 49.7, 60.6 48.31
76.7 77.5 77.1 68.2 57.6 38.5 21 3 14.7 26.2 26.5 53.6 64.1 49.61
72.8 79.1 74.1 65.9 50.0 40.5 27.3 19.1 29.5 38.4 53.6 66.5 51.4
70.3 75.7 70.8 60.0 48.6 39.2 32.2 13.6 25.7 34.2 53.2 58.0 48.29
70.3 74.4 73.2 64.0 50.3 37.6, 42.6 27.0 22.5 41.2 52.1 60.7 51.32
76.4 78.0 71.2 62.7 54.0 44.0 33.8 28.9 32.8 32.6 54 9 60.1 52.45
71.5
31.6 29.7 31.1 54.0 60.51

4.01;

4.61

3.87

7.92 1.84 2.17 1.26 3.82 0.88, 0.14 2.40 1.65 34.77
8.33 12.70 3.83 5.30 2.71 0.59 3.93 0.61 1.84 1.67 0.89 6.70 48.10
6.61 6.79 4.13 11.08, 2.12 2.82 0 23 3.68 1.45 3.45 4.07 5.28 31.71
7.82 6.90 2.52 3.61 7.01 3.05 3.90 0.51 0.15 3.76 4.22 5.55 49.19
3.93 2.37 5.27 1.36 2.31 1.93 1.95 0.16 2.95 3.78 2.31 3.47 31.78
2.43 1.98 4.57 1.12 0.28 3.91 1.45 0.50 053 1.72 1.55 1.46 22.51
3.06 2.25 3.81 3.21 2.02, 1.13 0.67 3.91 1.94 1.83 4.79 5.92 34.84
8.70 3.08 0.86 4.10 8.01 2.59 1.70 0.50 2.58 2.42 3.12 6.65 42.40
9.44 453 3.99 2.52 2.71 2.25 1.75 1.07 1.54 3.30 3.22 7.11 41.53
5.88 3.15 1.34 1.76 6.95 2.09 1.20 1.24 6.13 1.07 2.97 4.87 38.65
4.03 2.30 2.74 4.25 3.35 1.73 3.91 0.85 1.88 3.37 1.31 3.16 31.98
6.97 2.29 5.98 3.77 2.59 0.88 1.96 2.44 1.14 0.17 2.33 2.59 34.11
2.86 0.65 5.90 3.94 2.38 1.15 1.03 2.08 1.40 2.25 1.52 4.49 29.66
1.44 1.57 2.38 3.13 1.98 1.18 2.73 1.48 5.19 0.76 1.84 2.54 26.92
5.42 6.00 2.07 2.13 1.62 2.83 1.61 1.57 2.17 2.43 1.85 5.06 34.80
297 6.78 0.95 5.14 2.88 1.80 1.08 1.89 0.90 1.04 3.60 5.72 34.75
3.41 2.49 1.77 4.46 2.41 1.87 0.03 1.81 1.09 2.43 1.79 3.34 26.97
3.66
2.59 1.32 2.27 5.06 2.56]

April.

May.

year.

YEARS.

Latitude, 61° 0' N.; longitude, 96° 0′ W. Elevation above sea level, 1,113 feet.

73.1 79.6 77.2

62.7

53.6,

36.0

28.2

22.2

23.0

33.1 44.7, 66.1

49.12

50.22

6.93 0.54 2.08 7.18 1.45 1.05, 0.54 0.32 0.92 1.49 2.01 1.24

70.9 74.2 70.0 62.5 47.6 32.6 33.9 10.8 25.7 30.2 44.9 62.9 47.18 10.95 10.01 7.77 2.55 1.16 0.13 1.00 0.26 0.51 1.24 3.06 4.25 39.89
68 2 75.2 74.9 62.2 49.9 33.1 19.0 26.7 30.4 29.2 51.1 63.0 48.51
69.1 75.6 72.6 66.4 51.2 36.0 38.9 20.2 37.3 33.9 50.1 60.3 50.96
60.7 79.0 76.8 64.1 52.0 43.8 21.5 28:8 36.7 47.9 54.6 58.1 52.00
72.7 78.5 75.0 62.5 61.5 40.3 17.3 21.7 26.8 41.0 53.6 60.8 50.96
73.0 76.7 74.2 62.9 49.2 26.4 18.4 34.5 30.9 35.9 51.2 69.4
74.9 78.9 80.2 66.0 54.4 36.9 36.0 11.8 17.0 27.6 44.4 67.8
71.0 71.7 73.1 67.5 57.2 39.7 24.6 27.5 36.3 40.2 52.0 56.6
69.1 75.7 71.3 60.8 49.4 39.2 28.6 11.9 21.7 34.6 53.6 57.3
72.3 74.5 70.3 68.6 57.3 39.3 17.3 17.0 19.4 35.3 47.5 61.6
71.2 77.0 69.9 64.5 49.8 39.9 28.6 12.2 16.6 36.1 50.1 59.8
70.2 77.3 75.6 65.1 58.3 34.3 17.9 11.9 24.4 31.9 60.9 65.1
72.4 76.3 72.0 65.3 50.7 39.6 23.6 11.8 18.2 38.0 54.5 66.1
70.0 77.6 70.3 61.3 48.4 36.7 30.4 8.0 25.9 28.8 52.5 55.9 47.15
68.72 74.8 74.0 63.6 52.2 35.3 39.4 22.8 21.1 40.2 52.4 61.6 50.5
74.0 78.8 70.5 63.7 52.0 42.0 35.0 18.0 25.0 33.0 55.0 60.0 50.58
69.01
30.01 20.01 20.01 54.0 59.01

3.47 7.30 6.27 4.93 0.69 1.17 0.16 0.23 0.40 3.18 2.65 2.07 32.51
8.30 0.96 3.13 2.05 5.86 1.39 2.14 0.53 0.44 1.26 6.24 8.62 40.92
8.48 7.66 2.48 3.22 0.55 0.29 0.27 1.23 0.14 3.09 3.97 5.77 37.05
4.09 3.17 1.51 1.43 3.64 4.25 1.75 0.07 0.93 2.17 1.77 5.53 30.41
3.14 5.36 7.10 2.91 3.54 1.70 0.28 0.90 0.14 0.50 0.55 3.40 29.52
50.56 5.56 5.89 1.65 8.36 4.84 1.29 1.56 0.61 3.09 0.82 4.23 7.94 45.75
51.11 12.05 6.76 0.95 0.51 5.09 142 0.92 0.74 6.60 0.79 5.91 4.91 45.59
47.76 12.70 4.79 3.39 4.53 5.03 0.64 0.73 1.01 1.00 0.52 3.20 11.29 48.83
48.36 6.11 10.35 7.07 4.91 5.81 0.32 0.72 0.73 1.42 4.91 3.88 1.45 47.68
47.471 2.67 9.24 6.99 2.50 3.86 0.73 1.17 0.41 C.47 0.33 0.34 4.43 33.14
48.52 1.50 0.69 4.53 4.45 1.33 1.54 1.46, 1.15 0.36 1.31 7.77 4.58
48.95 4.56 2.02 3.94 2.44 0.72 0.89 1.11 0.49 1.00 0.48 0.88 1.39
3.86 2.56 3 44 0.24 1.19 0.12 0.96 0.58 0.74 4.25 2.95 4.36 20.88
5.44 4.94 2.90 1.74 0.34 0.87 0.50 1.62 0.23 0.53 1.19 2.67 22.57
5.04 3.74 1.02 2.50 1.09 1.01 0.08 1.44 0.54 1.35 1.55 2.72 22.08
6.66
2.11 1.02 2.26] 2.80 4.94

*The observations made at Omaha represent the western portion of the State.

24.67

19.92

mean for

Average

year.

June.

July.

August.

September.

October.

November.

December.

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

Temperature and Rain-fall for Forty-five Years.

NORMALS OF TEMPERATURES FOR TWENTY YEARS.

The following table is compiled from observations of Prof. T. S. Parvin, from 1861 to 1871, and from those of Prof. G. Hinrichs, of the Iowa Weather Service, from 1871 to 1880, and are the result of nearly thirty thousand observations, which were made at Iowa City. The values given, are for each decade of each month:

The following is a record of the rain-fall in Iowa for a period of forty-four years, as observed at Muscatine, Iowa, by J. P. Walton, Rev. J. Ufford, S. Foster and Prof. T. S. Parvin, voluntary and Smithsonian observers:

1946 34.55 1851 74.50 1856, 41.94||1861| 44.25||1866) 32.86|| 1871 36.11 |1876 53.57, 1881 45.66||1886 31.22 147 28.50 1852 50.39, 1857 34.85 1862 55.16 1867 32.24 1872 35.44 1877 44.78 1882 46.67 1887 28.30 1848 39.62 1883 44 92 1858 58.45 1863 26.83 1868 40.91 1873 28.42 1878 39.30 1883 41.12 1888 38.89 1849: 59.16 1854 23.65 1859 35.96 1864 33.77 1869 43.36 1874 34.78 1879 33.83 1884 45.49 1889 33.47 150 49.08 1855 31.13 1860 25.10 1865 34.21 1870 24.61 1875 37.59 1880 35.781885 39.14|1890 31.87 Mean for the forty-four years.. .39.27

MEAN FOR EACH MONTH DURING THE FORTY-FIVE YEARS.

Decisions of the Supreme Court.

DECISIONS OF THE SUPREME COURT.

NUSIANCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE-POWERS OF LOCAL BOARDS THEREIN.

KALSSEN, US. WILSON.

Appeal from Benton District Court.

An action is mandamus to compel defendants, who constitute the School Board of the Independent District of Belle Plaine, acting as a board of health, to remove a privy, situated on the school-house grounds.

The petition of plaintiff sets forth that the city council, sitting as a Board of Health, had declared the privy a nuisance, and ordered it to be removed. The proceedings were set forth in the name of the city council. The defendant demurred to the petition on the ground that a city council had no power to abate a nuisance; that the plaintiff had not established any right of action against defendants, nor shown any proof of injury sustained by refusal of defendants to remove the privy; that the remedy of the plaintiff was in law, and not in equity proceedings. The court below sustained the demurrer, generally.

BECK, J.-I. The petition alleges that the defendants constitute the school board of the independent district of Belle Plaine, which maintains a large privy for the use of the school on, or near public streets of the city, and just across the street from plaintiff's residence, and in plain view thereof; that the city council, as a board of health, declared the privy to be a nuisance, and dangerous to the public health, and ordered its removal.

Plaintiff alleges that the privy is "unsightly," and that he has sustained injury resulting in damage by reason of the refusal of defendant to remove it. He does not allege that it is a nuisance in fact, nor point out the cause or source of injury sustained by him on account of the failure of defendants to remove the privy.

II. Surely, the order of the city council, as the board of health, declaring the structure a nuisance and dangerous to the public health, is not conclusive, as between plaintiff and defendant, and bestows him no rights which he may enforce by action against defendants, without establishing such right

Decisions of the Supreme Court.

by proof, showing the privy to be a nuisance working injury to plaintiff's property.

It must be remembered that neither the city board of health nor the school district, is attempting to enforce the order of the board of health, based upon its adjudication that the structure is "dangerous to the public health." Nor does the plaintiff in this case for the public seek to enforce the order of the board of health for the protection of the public health, but as we understand the abstract, he seeks to enforce the order on the ground that the objectionable structure is "unsightly" and situated "just across the street" from his own residence.

The grounds upon which plaintiff seeks to enforce the order are not for the protection of the public, but for the protection of his personal rights, and the recovery of damages for their violation. The board of health was not created by statute to protect and enforce private rights, and to provide a remedy to recover damages for the deprivation of such rights. Their orders are to be made and enforced for the protection of the public health. Plaintiff mistakenly sought to enforce a remedy for an individual injury by this proceeding in mandamus; to require obedience to the order of the board of health.

The district court rightly sustained the demurrer to plaintiff's petition. AFFIRMED.

80 Iowa, 229.

In the case of Bushnell vs. Robinson, 62 Iowa, 540, the supreme court says: "One cannot erect a nuisance upon his land, adjoining land owned by another, and thus measureably control the use to which his neighbor's land may, in future, be subjected."

STATE US. W. S. SMITH.

MAY TERM, 1891.

Appeal from Tama District Court.

The defendant was tried and convicted for the crime of nuisance committed by polluting the water in Iowa river in Tama county, and from a judgment imposing a fine this appeal was taken.

J. L. Carney, for appellant.

John Y. Stone, Attorney-General.

J. R. Caldwell, County Attorney of Tama County.

Thomas A. Cheshire, for the State.

ROTHROCK, J.-I. The defendant demurred to the indictment. The demurrer was overruled. The sufficiency of the indictment is therefore the first question proper to be determined, and it is necessary to set out the instrument. It is in this language: