STATE GOVERNMENTS. Capitals. Montgomery.... Dover.. Tallahassee. Milledgeville Lansing. Governors. AY67 Term Exp's Salary Leg're Meets. Gen. Election Henry W. Collier... Dec. 1853 $2,500 2 M. Nov... 1 M. Aug. Elias N. Conway..... Nov. 1856 1,800 1 M. Nov.1 M. Aug. John Bigler..... Dec. 1853 10,000 1 M. Jan....1 Tu. Jan. 1853 1,100 1 W. May.... 1 M. April. 1854 1,333 1 Tu June.. 2 Tu. Nov. 1853 1,500 1 M. Nov....1 M. Oct. 3,0001 M. Nov....1 M. Oct. 1,500 2 M. Jan.... 1 Tu. Nov 1,300 January......1 M. Aug. 1854 1,000 1 M. Dec....1 M. Aug. 1855 2,500 1 M. Dec... 1 M. Aug. 3 M. Jan.... 1 M. Nov. 1,500 2 W. Jan.... 2 M. Sept. 3,6001 W. Jan.... 1 W. Nov. 2,500 1 W. Jan.... 2 M. Nov. 1 W. Jan.... 1 Tu. Nov. 1 M. Jan....1 M. & Tu. N. Last M. Dec.. 1 M. Aug. Hartford & N. Haven Thomas H. Seymour... May Thomas S. Brown.. Oct. Howell Cobb.. Nov. 1853 Joel A. Matteson.. Jan. 1857 1856 Stephen Hempstead. Dec. Lazarus W. Powell Aug. Paul O. Hebert.... Jan. 1856 1 W. June... 2 Tu. March. 2 Tu. Jan...1 Tu. Nov. 1 Tu. Jan... 1 Tu. Nov. 1855 2,000 3 M. Nov. 2 Th. Aug. 1853 1,800 1 M. Jan.... 2 Tu. Oct. 1855 3,000 1 Tu. Jan... 2 Tu. Oct. May & Oct..1 W April 4 M. Nov. 2 M. Oct. 1 M. Oct... 1 Th. Aug. In Dec......1 M. Aug. 2 Th. Oct. 1 Tu. Sept. 5,000 2 M. Jan. Not fixed. 1,2501 M. Jan.... 1 Tu. Nov The following States hold Legislative Sessions biennially, viz. :-Delaware, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Michigan, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Missouri, Iowa, and Illinois. Whigs in Italics. CHRONOLOGICAL VIEW OF THE YEAR 1853. The year of the Vulgar or Christian Era 185 with the 5613 from the CREATION OF THE corresponds with the 185th roma she Birth of WORLD according to the Minor Era of the Jews, Christ; with the latter part of the 7th, and be-for the 6212th, according to the Greater Rabbiniginning of the 78th of the Independence of the cal Era of the Jews; with the 6081st, according United States of America, which was declared to Eusebius; with the 5797th, according to ScalThursday, July 4, 1776; with the close of the iger; with the 5857th, according to Usher and 1222d of the Persian Era, which began Tuesday, the English Bible; with the 7345th, according to June 19, N.S., 632, A.D. (the years of this era the Antiochian and Abyssinian Eras; with the begin now on the 29th of August); with the latter 7355th, according to the Alexandrian Era; with part of the 1269th of the Hegira, or Moham- the 7361st, according to the Era of Constantinomedan Era; with the 1301st of the Armenian ple, used by the Byzantine Historians. The age Ecclesiastical year; with the 1569th of the Era of the world is involved in great obscurity. of Diocletian, or Era of Martyrs; with the 1891st There are about 140 different eras respecting it, of the Era of the Cæsars, or Spanish Era; with some claiming the world to be more than three the 1898th of the Julian Era, or since the refor- millions of years old. Julius Africanus, following mation of the calendar of Numa Pompilius, by the Septuagint version of the Bible, which is the Julius Cæsar; with the 2165th of the Grecian most reliable authority for chronology that is Era of the Seleucides; with the 2602d of the known, makes the Creation to have taken place Babylonish Era of Nabonassar, used by Hippar- on the 1st of the Jewish month Tisri, 5508 years chus and Ptolemy (this Era dates from Wednes- B.C., or 7361 years ago. day, February 18th, N.S. 747 B.C., according to Chronologers, or 746 B.C., according to Astronomers. The years contained 365 days only, and have, consequently, now advanced upon the Gregorian year 628 days. The 2602d year begins May 30, 1853); with the 2606th (according to Varro) of the old Roman Era A. U. C.; with the 2629th of the Olympiads, or the latter part of the 4th year of the 657th, and beginning of the 1st of the 658th Olympiad of 4 years; with the 3868th of the Era of Abraham, used by Eusebius; with the 4201st from the Deluge, according to Usher and the English Bible); with the 4955th of the Cali Yuga, or Hindoo and Indian Era, which dates from the Deluge; with the 4250th of the Chinese, or the 50th of their 71st cycle; OUT OF THE TAVERN.* I am the only thing sober abroad? *Translated from the German. The Astronomical Calculations have been made expressly for the WHIG ALMANAC, by SAMUEL HART WRIGHT, Dundee, Yates County, New York. Miniature Calendar for the Jews. Morning and Evening Stars. The 5613th year of 13 months, and 8th of the cycle, began VENUS, MARS, JUPITER 24, Saturn h. Sept. 14, 1852, and ends Oct. 2, 1853. The 5614th year begins Oct. 3 of the present year, and contains 12 months. Venus will be morning star until May 13, then evening MONTHS. DAYS. BEGINS MONTHS. DAYS. BEGINS star until February 28, 1854. Mars will be evening star until 5. Sebat......30....Jan. 10 12. Ab......30....Aug. 5 January 26, then morning star until February 26, 1854. Ju13. Elul.......29....Sept. 4 piter will be morning star until June 10, then evening star 1. Tisri (5614) 30....Oct. 3 until December 20, then morning star until July 15, 1854. 2. Marchesvan30....Nov. 2 Saturn will be evening star until May 11, then morning star 3. Cisleu.....30....Dec. 2 until November 20, then evening star until May 26, 1854. 4. Thebet....29(1854)Jan. 1 6. Adar......30... Feb. 9 7. Ve-Adar....29....Mar. 11 8. Nisan.. .30.... April 9 9. Ijar .29...May 9 10. Sivan......30....June 7 11. Tammuz .29....July 7 5. Sebat......30....Jan. 30 ANNIVERSARIES OF THE JEWS, OR ISRAELITES. .Adar 11...... Feb. 19 ..Nisan 16.. .Nisan 21.. Explanation of the Calendar Pages. These pages are calculated for the following places, and are sufficiently accurate for every city and town in the United States, and are expressed in MEAN OF TRUE TIME. Apr. 23 Portland Apr. 24 Boston..... .43 39 26 north......70 20 30 west 42 21 23 north.. 71 4 20 west ..40 42 40 north......74 1 6 west ..Nisan 22......Apr. 30 Washington.......38 53 31 north. Ijar 18. May 26 Fast: Taking of the Temple.. Ab Tisri Second Feast for the New-Year .Tisri Fast of Gedaljah.. ..Tisri +Fast of Expiation.... Tisri Feast of Tabernacles ....Tisri Second Feast of Tabernacles. Feast of Palms or Branches .Tisri Raleigh. 35 47 0 north. Charleston... .....32 46 33 north......79 57 27 west New Orleans ......29 8 32 north......90 6 49 west The times of the SUN'S RISING and SETTING are adapted to the upper limb, by correcting for a mean hori3zontal refraction of 36 min. 6.86 sec. of arc.; which causes the Sun to be seen on the horizon before he has actually risen, and after he has really set. 6 The MOON'S RISING is given from Full to Change, and 16......Oct. 18 its SETTING from Change to Full. Tisri 21......Oct. 23 The times of the Upper TRANSIT of the NORTH STAR Tisri 22......Oct. 24 are calculated for the meridian of Washington, and are exTisri 23......Oct. 25 act to the nearest second of time. The time of the Lower Chisleu 25.....Dec. 26 TRANSIT for any given day may be found by adding 11 h. .Thebet 10(1854)Jan, 10 58 m. 2045 s. to the time of the preceding Upper Transit. The Jewish Era dates from the creation of the world, This column is designed to facilitate the computation of the which the Jews believe to have been 3760 years before Rising, Setting, and Meridian Passage of the brightest our era began. The Jewish year is luni-solar, or formed FIXED STARB, by using the numbers opposite the same in agreeably to the motions of the sun and moon; and hence the Star-Table. It will also be found of some service to the Jewish calendar is more intricate than that of any other surveyors and astronomers. nation. The year varies in its length, and may have 353, Almanac for 1854, we may add the times of greatest east354, 355, or 383, 384, 385 days, and 12 or 13 months, of 29 or ern and western elongations of the Pole Star for several 30 days each. Ve-Adar is the intercalary month, and is introduced between Adar and Nisan; the latter of which is the first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, and Tisri is the first of the civil year. In a cycle of 19 years there are 7 embolismic and 12 common years. latitudes. Should there be room in the MOON'S PLACE.-The symbols and numbers in this column indicate the Moon's place in the Signs or Constellations of the Zodiac, to the nearest degree of longitude, at 7 o'clock P. M., New York time-Pisces being regarded the first of the signs. Its position gives it no influence over men, animals, or plants. MOON'S AGE.-This column shows, to the nearest tenth of a day, the Moon's age at noon, Washington. Miniature Calendar for Mohammedans. The 1269th year, or 9th of the cycle, began Oct. 15, 1852, and ends Oct. 3, 1853. The 1270th year begins Oct. 4, 1853. MOON IN MERIDIAN.-This column shows the time MONTHS. DAYS. BEGINS MONTHS. DAYS. BEGINS the Moon is "south," or in the meridian of Washington, 4. Rabia II....29....Jan. 12 10. Schewall......29.July 8 and is nearly the same for all parts of the United States. 5. Jomadhi I...30.... Feb. 10 11. Dsu'l-kadah...30. Aug. 6 TWILIGHT AT NEW YORK.-This table shows, at in6. Jomadhi II..29....Mar. 12 12. Dsu'l-kejjah...29.Sept. 5 tervals of five days, the times of beginning of twilight in 7. Rejeb ......30....Apr. 10 1. Moharem (1270)30.Oct. 4 the morning, and of the end at evening the Sun, at the 8. Shaban.....29.... May 10 2. Saphar........29. Nov. 3 computed instants, being 18 deg. below the horizon. The 9. Ramadan...30....June 8 3. Rabia L........30. Dec. 2 table serves for the latitude of New York, extended through The Mohammedan Era began with the day after the flight the United States to the Pacific ocean. of Mohammed to Medina; which event occurred in the night of Thursday, July 18 (N. S.), 622 A. D. The year is purely lunar, and consists of 12 months, embracing 12 lunations, or 354 days. The intercalary, or leap-years, consist of 355 days. In a cycle of 30 years there are 19 common and 11 leap-years. Since the Mohammedan year is 11 days less than the tropical year, "it is obvious that in about every 33 years the above months will correspond with every season and every part of the Gregnar." The 9th mouth the month of fasting, at the close of which the feast of Bairam begins, THE MOON'S PHASES.-This table shows the times for seven meridians, when the Moon passes the geocentric longitudes of 0 dg., 90 dg., 180 dg., and 270 dg., from the Sun. The TIDE for Boston, Philadelphia, and Charleston, is that one which follows immediately after the Moon in open sea. column of Sun on Meridian shows the minutes and seconds, before or after 12 o'clock, that the Sun is on the meridian. The Sun is seldom on the meridian at 12 o'clock; indeed, this is the case only on four days during the year, namely, April 15, June 15, September 1, and December 24. Consequently, when the Sun is on the meridian, or when its shadow strikes the well-made noon-mark, or when it is noon by the sun-dial, the clock must be set as many minutes and seconds, before or after 12, as the Almanac shows. DIRECTIONS FOR KEEPING TRUE TIME.-The The practice of setting tunepieces by the rising or setting of the Sun or moon is not strictly correct, as the uneven M35368 ness of the earth's surface and intervening objects, such as object. Then set the clock as above directed, and it will be TO MAKE A NOON-MARK.-About noon, observe when the Sun (the center) crosses the meridian-line; at that in stant let another person make the mark in some firm place where the shadow of the Sun is cast by a perpendicular Places. Places. H. M. JH. M. Tide Table. TO MAKE A MERIDIAN-LINE.-Ascertain when the North Star will be on the meridian, by reference to the calTo find the time of high-water at any of the following endar pages, and at that time range two fine wires (sus-places, add to or subtract from the time of high water, pended four or five feet apart, with weights attached to the morning or evening, at N. York, the quantity of time affixed ends) with said star, and a meridian-line is made. to such place in this table. In using the quantities in this and the Star table, observe that more than 12 hours and less than 24, from midnight or the beginning of morning, is afternoon of the same day; and that more than 12 hours and less than 24, from noon, is morning of the next day :Places. H. M. Places. H.M. Cape Split..Add 2 0 Norfolk....Sub. 0 41 Richmond..Sub. 2 25 Eastport... Add 2 9 Plymouth..Add 2 19 Salem...... Add 2 19 Halifax, N.S. Sub. 2 15 Portland ... Add 1 39 Sandy Hook.Sub. 0 50 Holmes'Hole. A. 1 4 Portsmouth. Add 2 9 St.John,N.B. Add 2 49 Baltimore.. Add 5 7 Hellgate.... Add 1 41 Providence. Sub. 0 41 Sunbury.... Add 0 19 Bridgeport..Add] 2 0 Marblehead. Add 1 49|Newport...Sub. 1 55] Quebec .... Add 8 49||Windsor... Add] 2 49 TIDES.-La Place pronounces the formula for deducing | later or earlier than the most learned calculation would dethe tides the most difficult problem of celestial mechanics. termine; and this in consequence of the strength and direcIt sometimes happens that the tide comes in several hours tion of the wind, which the calculator can not reckon upon. H. M. Places. ECLIPSES FOR THE YEAR 1853. 1. AN ANNULAR ECLIPSE OF THE SUN, Monday P. M., June 6th. Visible only to a few of the southern states as a partial eclipse on the Sun's southern limb. The line of the north PLACES. ern limit of this eclipse enters the Milledgeville, Ga.. 11. A PARTIAL ECLIPSE OF THE MOON, Monday | tion, 1h. 36m. At the beginning of the eclipse, the Moon evening and Tuesday morning, June 20th and 21st. Magni- will be about in the middle of the heavens and low in the tude, one-fifth of the Moon on the northern limb. Dura- south. See the following table. 0 13 1 1 1 50 Lansing, Mich.. Santa Fe, N. Mex. 10 9 10 57 11 46 9 57 10 46 Utica, N. Y..... Baltimore, Md. Cincinnati, O... Auburn, N. Y.. Star Table. To ascertain when any star or constellation found in the following table will be on the meridian, add the numbers 1 13 Monterey, Cal.... 9 6 1 12 0 24 11 35 0 23 opposite in the left-hand column of figures to the preceding meridian transit of the North Star found in the calendar pages. For the BISING of a star, subtract the number opposite in the right-hand column of figures from its meridian passage. For the SETTING of a star, add the same number to its meridian passage. Those marked (....) revolve in a circle of perpetual apparition, and do not rise or set north of the latitude of New York (40d 42m. 408.), for which 11 36 9 54 10 43 9 52 10 41 9 46 10 35 STAR-TABLE, SEASONS, ELEMENTS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM, ETC. 3 From the table of the seasons, it appears that the sun vill be on the north side of the equator 7 days 15 hours and 25 minutes longer than on the south side. The cause is, the point of Aphelion, or that part of the earth's orbit farthest from the sun, is north of the equator, in the 11th degree of Gemini, where the sun moves slowest. ¡Constellat'n InMer R. & S. | Stars. Constellat'n InMer R. &S. Stars. Tropical Year Sun north Equator (Spring and Summer)..186 11 11 Astronomical Notes for 1853. Venus and Mars will not retrograde any this year, and Venus will not be very brilliant. Jupiter has been going south of the equator the last three years, and obtains its maximum southern declination of 23dg. 21m. 46.68. on the 6th of December, after which it travels northward. It will not be here again until 1865. It will retrograde about 10dg, from April 11 to Aug. 1. The moon runs highest this year Nov 19, to the 11th dg. of Gemini (dec. 25dg. 41m. 11.2s. north,. It will run lowest December 2, to the 10th dg. of Sagittarius (dec. 25dg. 41m. 293. south). Longitude of moon's ascending node, July 2, 78dg. 29.34m. True obliquity of ecliptic at the same time, 23dg. 27m. 31.788. Right ascension and declination of Uranus, July 2, 2h. 37m. 43,038., and 14dg. 57m. 52.26. north. R. A. and decl. of Neptune, at the same time, 22h. 35m. 45.396., and 9dg. 42m. 53.38. south. Venus and Mars will be only dg. apart on the 25th March. They will not be together again until Feb. 7, 1855, at which time Mercury also will be close to Mars and eclipse it. Saturn and Uranus will be in Aries most of the year, about 15dg. apart. The distance between them is continually increasing. July 21, 1851, they were together; but this event will not happen again until December 6, 1896. |