Anagni, vii., 252; Boniface VIII. at, 253; the curse of, ib. note; college of cardinals at, 295; Porcaro at, 305.
Anaitis, golden statue of, iii., 213 note. Anas, river, iii., 425.
Anastasia, daughter of Heraclius, v., 185 note.
Anastasia, daughter of the Emperor Maurice, v., 69 note.
Anastasia, Empress, wife of Tiberius, v., 18 and note.
Anastasia, sister of Constantine, i., 432 note, 463; ii., 218.
Anastasia, sister of the Empress Theo- dora, iv., 226.
Anastasia, Gregory's conventicle, iii., 152, 153 and note.
Anastasius, author of the Liber Ponti- ficalis, iv., 431 note. Anastasius, grandson of the Empress
Theodora, iv., 436 and note. Anastasius I., Emperor, heresy of, iv.,
117; makes Theodoric consul, 128; marries Ariadne, 185; war with Theodoric, 198 sq.; religious troubles in the circus, 235; economy of, 250 and note; remits taxation, ib. and note; exempted various cities from taxation, 253; long wall of, 270; suppressed the pensions of the Isau- rians, 271; Persian war, 275 sq.; in the circus as a suppliant, v., 140; signs treaty of orthodoxy, 140. Anastasius II., Emperor, v., 196; pre- parations against Saracens, vi., 6 and note.
Anastasius I., Pope, epistle of, to Clovis, iv., 117 note.
Anastasius IV., Pope, vii., 232. Anastasius, librarian of the Roman Church, vi., 18 note, 46 note. Anastasius, Patriarch, supports Arta- vasdus, v., 198 note. Anastasius, St., acts of, v., 77 note. Anatho, ii., 520 and note. Anatolia, invaded by Monguls, vii., 15;
divided among the Emirs, 27; in- vaded by Timour, 61; given to Mousa, 65.
Anatolius, heretic, iv., 256 note. Anatolius, master-general of the armies of the East, ambassador to Attila, iii., 468.
Anatolius, master of the offices, ii., 542, 544.
Anbasa, invades Gaul, vi., 14 note. Anchialus, i., 287; warm baths at, iv., 268; Emperor Maurice at, v., 61; Andronicus at, 250; battle of, vi., 141 note.
Ancilia, or sacred shields, i., 158; ii., 461 note; iii., 328 note.
Ancona, taken by Belisarius, iv., 347; resists Totila, 439; siege of, by Frederic Barbarossa, vi., 224; traders of, at Constantinople, vii., 206; Pius II. at, 216.
Ancyra, Monument of, i., 2 note, 328; council of, ii., 56; Jovian at, iii., 5; taken by Chosroes, v., 77; pillaged by the Paulicians, vi., 125; taken by Murad V., vii., 27 note.
Andages the Ostrogoth, kills Theodoric at Châlons, iii., 490. Andalusia, v., 501 note. Andalusian Arabs in Egypt and Crete, vi., 39.
Anderida (Andredes Ceaster), iv., 164 and note.
Andernach, fortified by Julian, ii., 301 note.
Anderson on the Hanseatic league, vi., 158 note.
Andragathius, general to Maximus, iii., 175 note.
Andreas de Redusiis de Quero, his de- scription of the sack of Azoph, vii., 52 note; Chancellor of Trevigi, 66 note.
Andrew, eunuch, protects the Christians, ii., 125.
Andrew, King of Hungary, refuses the empire, vi., 448.
Andrew of Naples, strangled, vii., 278 and note.
Andrew, St., body of, removed to Con-
stantinople, iii., 220; spiritual founder of Constantinople, ib. note; head of, removed to Vatican, vii., 214; monastery of, at Rome, v., 36 and note; shrine of, at Patras, vi., 73.
Andronicus Angelus, v., 258. Andronicus Ducas, brother of Constantine X., vi., 249.
Andronicus I., surnamed Gidos, second
Emperor of Trebizond, vi., 439 note. Andronicus I., v., 237; character and adventures of, 247 sqq.; reign, 255 sqq.; death, vi., 226; massacre of Latins, 388.
Anatomy, study of, among the Saracens, Andronicus II., or Elder, Palæologus,
vi., 33 and note.
Anazarbus, valley of, v., 244.
Anbar, city of, reduced by Caled, v., 429.
restores Justinian's statue, iv., 461; crowned, vi., 490; pays the Cata- lans, 502; defeated by them, 504;
reign, 509 sqq.; associates Michael, 511; abdicates, 515; death, 516; preserves colossus of Justinian and St. Sophia, vii., 140. Andronicus III., or Younger, vi., 511; coronation, 514; character, 514; reign, 516 sqq.; death, 516; de- feated by Orchan, vii., 27; embassy to Benedict XII., 88 and note. Andronicus, President of Libya, excom- municated, ii., 345 and note.
Anne, or Constance, daughter of Frede- ric II., vi., 477.
Annibaldi, Italian family of, vii., 260 and note, 331.
Annibalianus, brother of Constantine, i., 432 note.
Annibalianus, general of Probus, i.,
Annii, family of the, consulships of, iii., 308 note.
Annona, tax under Justinian, iv., 253 sq.
Andros, island of, taken by Venice, vi., Anomoans, sect of, ii., 372. 435 note.
Anecdoton Holderi, iv., 212 note. Anemas, tower of, vii., 41, 182 note. Angamala or Cranganor, Jesuits invade
the see of, v., 162; Bishop of, 161-2. Angelo, St., fortress of, v., 321. Angels, bishops so called, ii., 44 note. Angles, in Britain, iv., 157. Anglo-Saxons, conversion of, by Gregory, V., 38.
Angora, battle of, vii., 61 sq. Angora, see Ancyra.
Angoulême, siege of, iv., 126 and note. Anguillara, the Count of, at Petrarch's coronation, vii., 268.
Ani, captured by Alp Arslan, 1064 A.D., vi., 246 note.
Anianus, Bishop of Orleans, iii., 485; Life of, 484 note, 485 note. Anician family, conversion of, iii., 205, 307 and note; consulships of, 307 note.
Anicius Gallus, see Gallus.
Anicius, Julian, senator, iii., 307 and note.
Anicius Q. (Prenestinus), tribune, iii.,
Aniush, Castle of, in Susiana, iii., 56 note. Anna Comnena, Life of her father, v.,
241, 242; conspires against her brother, 243; her property confis- cated, ib.; on Greek fire, vi., 11 note; learning of, 111; on Malek Shah, 257, 298 and note; on crusa- ders, 304; on the Latin Church, 386 note.
Annah, city of, see Anatho. Annales Barenses, vi., 188 note. Anne, daughter of the Emperor Romanus II., v., 225; vi., 92; marries Wola- domir, 93, 205; her account of battle of Durazzo, 209. Anne of Savoy, Empress, vi., 517 and
note; opposes John Cantacuzene, 519 sqq.; makes a treaty with Can- tacuzene, 525; her mediation at Thessalonica, 527; treaty with Orchan, vii., 31.
Ansars, or auxiliaries of Medina, v., 381; [al-Ansar], vi., 4.
Anseau de Cayeux, correspondence with Michael Palæologus, vi., 459 and note.
Anses, Gothic demigods, i., 262. Antala, Gothic prince, iii., 494. Antalus the Moor, iv., 289 note; assists Artaban against Gontharis, 418 note; defeats Solomon at Tebeste, 419 sq.
Ante portam Cyperon, name for Sopron or Poson, vi., 286 note.
Antes, Slavonian tribe, i., 263; iv., 371 and note.
Anthemius, Emperor of the West, 12,000 men levied for his service in Britain, iii., 373 note; family of, iv., 33; marries the daughter of Marcian, ib.; religious toleration of, 35; quarrels with Ricimer, 45 sq.; born in Gala- tia, 46 note; death, 48. Anthemius, grandfather of the emperor, consul and prætorian præfect, governs the eastern empire, iii., 404 and note.
Anthemius, the architect, iv., 258, 259, 260.
Anthimus, Bishop of Nicomedia, ii., 133 note.
Anthimus, son of Constantine Coprony- mus, v., 201.
Anthropomorphism, v., 109 and note. Anticus, title adopted by Justinian and his successors, iv., 371 note. Antigonus, ii., 321 note. Antinomies, iv., 497 note. Antinopolis, in Upper Egypt, iv., 258. Antinöus, i., 83. Antioch, i., 54; captured by Sapor, 291
battle of, 328; arsenals at, 389; Diocletian at, 398; Church of, ii., 62; Christian Church erected by Constantine at, 340; Council of, 389 and note; Olympic games at, 492; cathedral of, shut by Julian, 495; Julian at, 507 sqq.; Church of, 509; Jovian at, iii., 5; persecution
at, for magic, 17 sq.; sedition at, 177 sqq.; date of, 180 note; re- stored by Justinian, iv., 265 and note; burnt by Nushirvan, 393; earthquake at, 465; taken by Chos- roes, v., 74; by the Saracens, 465 sq.; date of, 467 note; recovered by Nicephoras Phocas, vi., 62; loyalty of, to the empire, 261; taken by Sultan Soliman, ib.; by the crusa- ders, 310 sqq.; history of, 327 note; principality of, 331 note; prince of, 337; taken by Sultan Bondocdar, 378.
Antioch-Chosrou, iv., 394 note. Antioch (Pisidia), crusaders at, vi., 309. Antiochus, King, æra of, i., 212 note. Antiochus, monk, homilies of, v., 75 note.
Antiochus, officer of the household, ii., 239.
Antonio de Ferrariis, vii., 217 note. Antonius, L., i., 80 note. Antonius Petrus, vii., 311 note; Diary of, 331 note.
Antony, Mark, iii., 210 note. Antony, St., monastery of, at Kauleas, ii., 158 note; on Mount Colzim, iv., 64; founds colonies of monks in Egypt, 65 sq.
Antrustion, rank of, among the Franks, iv., 134 and note.
Anulinus, master of Diocletian, i., 377. Anulinus, prætorian præfect, i., 435. Anushtigin, Governor of Carizme, vii., 8 note.
Apamea or Corna, i., 284; ii., 522 note;
besieged by Nushirvan, iv., 392; de- stroyed by Adarman, v., 44; mas- sacre of monks at, 163 and note; taken by the Saracens, 469; re- covered by Nicephorus, vi., 63.
Antiochus, proconsul of Greece, iii., 255. Aper, Arrius, prætorian præfect, i., 374 Antiochus Sidetes, iii., 415 note. Anti-Tribonians, iv., 471 note.
Antivari, anonymous writer of, vii., 156 note.
Antonina, wife of Belisarius, iv., 257; character, 294 sq.; accompanies Belisarius to Africa, 298; death of Constantine attributed to, 349 and note; secret history and adventures of, 358 sqq.; accused of exile of Sylverius, 424 note; solicits return of Belisarius, 434; founds a convent, 458 note.
Antonines, the, found a school at Athens,
i., 62 note; reign, 83; endow the schools of philosophy, iv., 281. Antoninus Arrius, i., 99. Antoninus, fugitive at the court of Sapor, ii., 283 and note.
Antoninus, M. Aur., wars, i., 9, 10; levies troops from the Quadi and Marco- manni, i., 16 note, 38 note, 78 note; character and reign, 83 and note, 84; campaigns on the Danube, 85; indulgence of, 91, 92, 115 note; Marcomannic wars of, 253 sq., 352 note; in Julian's Cæsars, ii., 506. Antoninus, name of Geta and Caracalla, i., 139 note sq.
Antoninus, name of Heliogabalus, i., 155.
Antoninus Pius, wall of, i., 5; compared with Hadrian, 8 sq.; wars with the Moors, and Brigantes of Britain, 9 note; character and reign, 84; edict of, in favour of the Jews, ii., 79. Antoninus, Proconsul of Asia, ii., 112 and note.
and note; death, 375 and note. Apharban, i., 401.
Aphdal, Sultan, restores Fatimite rule in Palestine, vi., 319.
Apocalypse, the, rejected by Council of Laodicea, ii., 26 note, 61 note. Apocaucus, Duke, attacks regency of John Cantacuzene, vi., 519, 520 note; defeats Cantacuzene, 521; death, 523.
Apodemius, ii., 447. Apollinaris, Bishop of Laodicea, his theory of the incarnation, v., 111 sq. Apollinaris, Patriarch of Alexandria, v., 171 sq.
Apollinaris, son of Sidonius, iv., 126. Apollinaris, works of, ii., 488 note. Apollo, statue of, at Constantinople, ii., 162.
Apollodorus, Trajan's architect, iv., 267 note.
Apollonia, city of Assyria, ii., 522 note. Apolloniates, Lake, i., 285. Apollonius, ambassador of Marcian, iii., 471.
Apollonius of Perga, vi., 31 and note. Apollonius of Tyana, i., 328 and note; ii., 126 note.
Apologists, early Christian, ii., 72-73. Apostates, Christian, ii., 114. Apostles, ii., 43, 89 and note. Apotheosis, see Deification of Emperors. Apparitors, ii., 180.
Apsarus, fortifications of, iv., 402. Apsimar (Tiberius III.), assumes the purple, v., 192; executed by Jus- tinian II., 193.
Apulia, state of, in tenth century, vi., 178; conquered by the Normans, 185; count of, 186; reduced by Manuel, 223. Apulians, i., 23.
Apulus, William, on the Normans, vi., 181 note, 183 note.
Aqueducts, Roman, iv., 341 and note. Aquileia, siege of, i., 198; besieged by Jovinus, ii., 439; taken by Theo- dosius, iii., 174; siege of, by the Goths, 262; pillaged by Alario, 303; usurper John, beheaded at, 419; besieged by Attila, 493; de- stroyed by him, 494 and note. Aquitain, province of, i., 21, 324; Goths settle in, iii., 369; first and second, two of the seven provinces, 376 note; united by Clovis to France, iv., 127; under Charlemagne, v., 306; re- covered by Eudes, vi., 18. Aquyrion, palace of Constantine, ii., 233. Arabah, blind Arab, v., 348. Arabia, attempted reduction of, i., 2 and
note; description of, v., 332 sqq.; geographers of, ib. note; European travellers in, 333 note; three divi- sions of, 334; horses of, 336; camel, 337; cities, 337 sq.; trade, 339; Roman province of, 340 and note; language of, 346; Sabians in, 352; Magians, Jews, and Christians in. 353 sqq.; Turks in, 340 note; re- ligious sects of, 351; subdued by Mahomet, 392 sqq.; province of Syria called Arabia, 444; languages in, 524 note.
Arabia, daughter of Justin II., v., 16. Arabian Nights, v., 518 note. Arabic language, diffusion of, v., 524 and note.
Arabissus, in Lesser Armenia, iii., 401;
in Cappadocia, v., 20.
Arabs, under the Roman Empire, i., 27; assist the Romans, ii., 240; descrip- tion of, v., 335 sqq., 339; civil wars of, 344; social life of, 346; annual truce, ib. note; poetry of, 347 and note; generosity of, 348; ancient idolatry of, 349; their rites and sacrifices, 351 sq.; union of, 423 sq.; military tactics, 431; in Persia, 436 sqq.; in Transoxiana, 439 sqq.; in Syria, 442 sqq.; further conquests, 471 sq.; naval exploits, 472; in Egypt, 472; in Africa, 488 sqq.; in Spain, 501 sqq.; at Con- stantinople, vi., 2 sqq.; in France, |
13 sqq.; learning among, 28 sqq.; in Sicily, 40; in Italy, 42; see Sara-
Aramaan, Syriac dialect, v., 154 note. Araric, King of the Goths, crosses the Danube, ii., 230.
Aratus, commands Heruli against Totila, iv., 441.
Araxes, river, Heraclius at, v., 88 and note.
Araxes, river, see Aboras. Arba, river, Heraclius reaches the, v., 97, 98.
Arbalist, cross bow, vi., 308. Arbela, i., 226 note.
Arbetio, general of Constantine, iii., 16.
Arbetio, general of Julian, ii., 447. Arbogastes the Frank, opposes Maximus, iii., 173; puts Flavius Victor to death, 174; dismissed by Theodo- sius, 188 and note; makes Eugenius emperor, 189; defeats Theodosius, 193; death, 194.
Arboruchi or Armorici, iv., 112 note, 117 note.
Arcadia, daughter of Arcadius, iii., 406. Arcadius Charisius, ii., 202 note. Arcadius, son of Theodosius,
Augustus, iii., 149; Emperor of the East, 195, 228; marries Eudoxia, 235; reign, 378 sqq.; his cruel law of treason, 385; signs condemnation of Eutropius, 391; death and testa- ment, 293, 403, 404; column of, vi., 437 note.
Arcaph, ii., 386 note.
Arch of Constantine, i., 457. Archæopolis, siege of, iv., 407. Archelais, Asia Minor, crusaders at, vi., 309.
Archers, in Homer, iv., 295 and note; Roman, defended by Procopius, ib. Archimagus, i., 218. Archimedes, iv., 258. Archipelago, etymology of name, vi., 71 note.
Architecture, Roman, i., 47 sq.; oldest model of Gothic, iv., 205 and note; Saracen, vi., 26.
Ardaburius, opposes the usurper John, iii., 419.
Ardalio, battle of, between Gildo and Macezel, iii., 249. Ardaric, King of the Gepidæ, councillor of Attila, iii., 446; at the battle of Châlons, 489; victory on the Netad, 502; establishes a new kingdom, 502.
Ardeshir I. and II., see Artaxerxes I. and Ariminum, see Rimini.
Arduin, Greek interpreter, vi., 184, 185 note.
Arelate, i., 278 note; marriage of Con- stantine at, 437; Maximinian at, 441; council of, ii., 348, 353, 393; assembly of the seven provinces at, iii., 376; besieged by the Visigoths, 475; taken by Euric, iv., 108; be- longed to Burgundy in year 499 A.D., 119 note; Clovis raises siege of, 127; resigned to the Franks, 128; conquered by Theodoric, 199; siege of by Abderame, vi., 15. Arenula, battle of, vi., 182 note. Areobindus, the Goth, iii., 413; marries
niece of Justinian, iv., 49 note; Mag. Mil. in Africa, 418 and notes. Arethas, Arabian chief, iv., 390, 395. Arethas, St., Prince of Negra, martyr- dom of, iv., 412.
Arethusa or Restan, ii., 490 note. Aretinus, Leonardus Brunus, steals the Gothic history of Procopius, iv., 224 note; vii., 127 note; life of, 128 and note, 299 note. Argaeus (Mount), v., 213 note. Argaus, church of the Paulicians, vi., 118 note, 124 note.
Argentaris (Colmar), battle of, iii., 112 and note.
Argos, ii., 452; destroyed by Alaric, iii., 257.
Argyropulus, John, vii., 130. Argyrus, officer of Constantine Mono-
machus, vi., 188; cruelty of, 188; his flight to Bari, 189.
Ariadne, daughter of Leo and Verina,
iv., 184; character of, 185; marries Anastasius, ib. Arianism, ii., 365; creeds of, 370 sqq.;
under Valens, iii., 25 sq.; in Con- stantinople, 150 sq.; ruin of, at Constantinople, 153 sq.; ruin of, among the Barbarians, iv., 99; complete ruin of, 104.
Arians, cruelty of the, ii., 408 sq.; per-
secution of, by Theodosius, iii., 155 sqq.; edicts against, 159 8.1. ; toleration of, iv., 88; cruelty of the Arian clergy, 93; law against, under Justin, 211; Arian clergy expelled from Rome, 430 and note; of Italy and Spain, reconciled under Gregory I. to the Catholic Church, v., 38; wealth of the Arian Church at Con- stantinople, 143.
Aricia, i., 77.
Arii, tribe of, i., 355.
Arinthæus, Julian's general of horse, ii., 519, 545; his embassy to Sapor, 549; general of Valens, iii., 16 and note; defends the Euphrates, 57. Ariolica, iii., 499 note. Ariovistus, crosses the Rhine, iv., 138. Aristides, philosopher and Christian, apology of, ii., 70 and note. Aristo of Pella, ii., 10 note. Aristobulus, prætorian præfect, i., 379 note.
Aristotle, iv., 279; philosophy of, vi., 31 sq.; study of, revived by the Caliphs, 32; in western universities, 464; study of, by Theodore Gaza, vii., 132.
Arius, character of, ii., 364 and note; heresy of, 366; his Thalia, 366
note; banishment, 377; recall of, 378; death, 378 and note. Arka, besieged by crusaders, vi., 321 note.
Armatius, widow of, marries Attila's secretary, iii., 458. Armenia, Roman province, i., 7, 8;
under Persia, 289; state of, 395 and note; revolt of, from Persia, 396; again Roman, 405; Christianized, ii., 68 and note, 239; recovered by Persia, ib.; Christians of, 332; re- linquished by the Romans,, 550; invaded by Sapor, iii., 55 sqq.; divided between Aspacurus and Pap, 57; independent, 58 sq.; divided between Persia and Rome, 414 sq.; further revolutions, 414 sq. and notes; language of, 414 note; Count of Armenian frontier, ib. ; towns of, fortified by Justinian, iv., 274; Greek speech in, v., 154; Fourth Armenia lost to the Sara- cens, 194 note; incorporated in the empire, 234 note; Paulicians of, vi., 123; conquered by Alp Arslan, 246; Moguls in, vii., 15.
Armenians, schism of the, v., 168 sq.;
commerce of, 169; patriarch of the, 170; settlement of Armenians in Thrace, 215 note; attitude of, to images, 268 and note.
Armentarius, surname of Galerius, i., 381.
Arminians, iii., 431 note. Armorica, independence of, iii., 372 and
note; revolt of, 372 and note; dis- turbed by the Bagaude, 507; feder- ation of, iv., 110 note; description of the Armorican republic, 117;
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