Nahar Malcha, canal of the Tigris, ii., Natanleod opposes Cerdic, iv., 162 note.

Nazarius, oration of, i., 468 note; account
of, Constantine's dream, ii., 322 and
note.

Nazianzus, church of, ii., 504 note; site
of, iii., 152 and note.
Neapolis, see Sichem.

Nebridius, Prætorian præfect in Gaul,
quæstor of the palace, ii., 265 note,
433 and note.

Necho, King of Egypt, constructs canal,
v., 485 note.
Nectarius, successor of Gregory at Con-
stantinople, iii., 158 and note, 394.
Neged, district of Arabia, v., 335.
Negra, city of Yemen, iv., 412 and note.
Negroes, African, iii., 55 and note.
Negroponte, derivation of, vi., 406 note.
Negus of Abyssinia, iv., 412, 413.
Neha vend, battle of, v., 335 and note.
Neisabour, see Nishabur.

v., 113, 118 sqq.; heresy of, 119
and note, 121 note; condemned by
the Council of Ephesus, 123; exile
of, 127; death, 128.

Netad, battle of the, iii., 502; position
of, ib. note.

Neuss, fortified by Julian, ii., 301 note;
siege of, vii., 147 note.
Nevers, ii., 209 and note.
Nevigastes, general of Honorius, iii., 288.
Nevitta, general of Julian's cavalry, ii.,
434; defends pass of Succi, 436,
447; consul, 451; in Mesopotamia,
519; at Maogamalcha, 525; faction
of, after death of Julian, 545.
Newstadt, in Austria, defended by the

Franks against the Tartars, vii., 18.
Newton, Sir Isaac, iv., 463; on corrup-
tion of the New Testament text, v.,
111 note; chronological rule of, 258.

Nemausus, taken by the Saracens, vi., Neyss (Neisse), city in Silesia, v., 61.

14 note.

Nemesianus, i., 335 note, 373 note.
Nennius, iv., 155.

Neo-Cæsarea, retreat of St. Basil near,

iv., 66 note.

Neopatras, in Thessaly, vi., 506.
Neo-Platonists, i., 423; ii., 127; sup-

pressed at Athens, iv., 282 sq.
Nepos, Julius, Emperor of the West,
iv., 50; makes Ecdicius patrician,
ib. note; flight and death, 51; sends
Epiphanius to the Visigoths, 50 note.
Nepotian, nephew of Constantine, ii., 256.
Nepotianus (consul), i., 432 note; ii.,

218.

Nepthalites (Ephthalites), or White Huns,
see Euthalites.

Nero, Emperor, i., 80, 101, 103 note;
conspiracy against, 78; character
of, 87; desires to abolish taxes,
178; said to have burned Rome, ii.,
89 sq.; introduces musical contest
at Olympia, vii., 267 note; fire in
his reign, 318 and note.
Nerva, Emperor, i., 82; administration
of, ii., 98.

Neshri, Ottoman historian, vii., 63 note.
Nestor, Russian chronicle ascribed to,
vi., 154 note.

Nestorian heresy, suppressed by Pul-

cheria, iii., 407; controversy in the
East, iv., 105.

Nestorians, opinions of the, v., 155 sqq.;

school of, at Edessa closed, 156;
missions of the, in Tartary, India,
China, 158; under the caliphs, 160;
in Transoxiana, 441 note; friendly
to the Mahometan government, 522.
Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople,

Nicaea, see Nice.

Nice, in Bithynia, gymnasium and
theatre at, i., 49 note; burnt by the
Goths, 284; council of, ii., 348;
emperor elected at, iii., 8; its
canons, concerning synods, ii., 347
note; synod at, A.D. 451, v., 132;
reduced by Andronicus, 256; second
council favours image worship, 294;
metropolis of the Obsequian theme,
vi., 7 note; pillaged by the Pauli-
cians, 125; Seljuk conquest of, 259
and note; capital of Roum, 260;
crusaders near, 288; besieged by
the crusaders, 306; taken by Alexius
Comnenus, ib.; Conrad at, 343
note; Theodore Lascaris at, 438;
empire of, ib.; panic of citizens of,
caused by the Tartars, vii., 23;
taken by the Turks, 27 and note;
Mirza Mehemmed at, 63.
Nicephorium, or Callinicum, town of,

Julian at, ii., 517; vi., 37 note;
pillaged by the Carmathians, 52.
Nicephorus I. (Emperor of Constanti-
nople), v., 7 note; character of, 204;
financial administration of, ib. note;
embassy of, to Charlemagne, 314;
to Haroun al Rashid, vi., 37; clem-
ency to the Paulicians, 123; slain
by the Bulgarians, 139; expedition
against the Bulgarians, 164 note;
treaty of, with Bulgaria, 165 note;
death of, ib.

Nicephorus II., Phocas (Emperor of
Constantinople), character of, v., 226
and note; death, 227, 228; reduced
Crete, 60; Eastern conquests, 60;
fortifies Bagras, vi., 311 note.

Nicephorus III., Botaniates (Emperor of
Constantinople), revolt of, v., 239;
interview with Alexius, 240; revolt
of, vi., 259.
Nicephorus Blemmydes, his autobio-
graphy, vi., 475 note; his quarrel
with Vataces, 477 note.
Nicephorus Bryennius, revolt of, v.,
238; vi., 259; vanquished, v., 240;
history of, vi., 245 note.
Nicephorus Callistus, Greek of the
fourteenth century, account of the
death of Theodosius, iii., 469 note.
Nicephorus, son of Constantine

Co-

pronymus, v., 201 sq.
Nicephorus Gregoras, historian, vi., 475
note, 511 and note, 526 note; on the
Quietists, 530 note; on Cantacuzene,
vii., 30 note, 140 note.
Nicephorus Melissenus, rebellion of, v.,
240.

Nicephorus, son of Michael II. of Epirus,

vi., 478 note.

Nicephorus, Patriarch of Constantinople,

and chronicler, v., 204 note; abridg.
ment of, 428 note.
Nicephorus Xiphias, victory of, over the
Bulgarians, vi., 142 note.
Nicetas, son of Constantine V., v., 201.
Nicetas, son of Gregory, lieutenant of
Maurice, v., 71; marries daughter
of Heraclius, 72; general against
Persians, 75 sq. notes.
Nicetas, a Greek general in tenth cen-
tury, vii., 193 note.
Nicetas, Choniates, historian, vi., 226

note; defends Philippopolis against
the Franks, 341 note; on Isaac
Angelus, 380 note, 418; on flight of
the Greeks, 421; saved by a Venetian
merchant, 423 and note; narrative
of compared to Villehardouin, 425;
misfortunes of, 425; Ms. of, in Ox-
ford, 427.

Nicetius, Bishop of Trèves, on baptism
of Chlodwig, iv., 115 note; v., 149
note.

Nicholas, Specialis, Sicilian writer, vi.,
499 note.

Nicholas IV. (Pope), vii., 261; [Ursini],
263; his policy, 263 and note.
Nicholas V. (Pope), vii., 133, 215; founds
Vatican library, 133; fails to assist
the Greek emperor, 178; recognised
by Greek Church, 183, 301; Rome
restored under, 302.

Nicholas Querini, Venetian, vi., 456.
Nicodemus, body of, exhumed, iii., 222.
Nicolaus Mysticus, Patriarch of Constan-
tinople, v., 221 and note; vi., 141
note.

Nicolo, S. di Lido, Island of, crusaders
imprisoned by the Venetians in, vi.,
402 note.

Nicomedia, forum and aqueduct at, i., 49
note; taken by the Goths, 284, 285;
residence of Maximian and Dio-
cletian, 408; abdication of Dio-
cletian, 417; Church of, burnt, ii.,
130; Palace of, burnt, 132; earth-
quake at, 382; pillaged by the
Paulicians, vi., 125; Seljuk conquest
of, 260; crusaders at, 306; territory
of, invaded by Othman, vii., 25.
Nicon, St., Life of, vi., 60 note.
Nicopolis, siege of, i., 265 and note; re-

stored by Julian, ii., 452 note; capitu-
lated to the Goths, iii., 131 note;
property of Paula, 309 and note;
Goths at, iv., 438; battle of, between
Turks and European allies, vii., 37.
Nicosia, Cathedral of, vi., 330 note.
Niebuhr, his work on Arabia, v., 409

note; his visit to Meshed Ali, 417
note, 419 note.

Niger Pescennius, governor of Syria, see
Pescennius.

Nika riots at Constantinople, iv., 237
sqq.; suppressed, 241.

Nile, statue of, found at Rome, vii., 335.
Nile, navigation of the, i., 361; iii., 379

note; rising of the, v., 476 and note.
Nilus, Patriarch, vii., 41 note.
Nine, reverence of the Tartars for mys-
terious number, vii., 49 note.
Nineveh, battle of, v., 95; circumference
of, ib. note.

Nini, battle of the river, v., 499 and note.

Nicholas, Cardinal, corrects text of the Ninus, date of, i., 212 note.
Latin Bible, iv., 96 note.

Nicholas I. (Pope), his quarrel with
Photius, vi., 384.

Nicholas II. (Pope), makes Robert Guis-
card duke of Apulia, vi., 194.
Nicholas III., Marquis of Este, vii., 111
and note.

Nicholas III. (Pope), vi., 497; enmity of,
to Charles of Anjou, vii., 241; his
Bull, ib. note.

Nisabur, see Nishabur.

Nisavi, secretary of Sultan Gelaleddin,
vii., 5 note.

Nishabur, royal city of the Seljuks, vi.,
241; palace at, 242; taken by
Zingis, iii., 452; vii., 9.
Nisibis, i., 206 note; capture of, by

Avidius Cassius, 223 note; besieged
by Sapor, 290; meeting of the
emperors at, 401, 403; siege of, by

Sapor, ii., 242; ceded by Jovian, | Novatians, excommunicated, ii., 55 note;
550; taken by Zimisces, vi., 63.
Nitria, desert of, iii., 29; tall brothers

Odenathus (?), Prince, 1., 285 note.
Odeum, restored by Herodes, i., 50 and
note.

Odin, flight of, i., 260 and note; Gibbon
renounces his earlier view on, vii.,
321 note.

Odo, Frangipani, marries niece of Em-
peror Manuel, vi., 224.

Odo, Abbot of Chigny, his Life of Gregory
of Tours, iv., 148 note.
Odo de Deogilo, vi., 338 note.
Odoacer, son of Edecon, commands in
Italy, iv., 52; puts Orestes to death,
53; reign, 53 sqq.; his correct name,
Odovacar, ib. note; abolishes the
Western Empire, 54; silver coin of,
ib. note; enters Ravenna, iv., 56
note; character, 58; miserable state
of Italy under, 60 sq.; resigns
provinces to Euric, 107; defeated by
Theodoric, 191; capitulation and
death, 192, 193 and note.

Odothæus, invasion of, iii., 135 note.
Oea, city of, iii., 49 and note.

Olympius, the philosopher,

defends

paganism, iii., 211 and note.
Olympius of Tralles, iv., 259.
Olympius, an officer of the palace, under
Honorius plots against Stilicho, iii.,
293 sq.; dismissed the ambassadors
of Alaric, 331; death, 332.
Olympius (exarch), defends Sicily, vi., 40
note.

Olympus, deities of, ii., 459.
Oman, district of Arabia, v., 335.
Omar I. (caliph, Omar ibn al-Khattab),
mosque of, at Jerusalem, ii., 484;
conversion to Mahometanism, v.,
376; acknowledges Abubeker, 407;
reign and death, 408; virtues of,
426; conquests, 427 sq.; founds
Bassora, 433; interview with Har-
mozan at Jerusalem, 464 sq.; mosque
of, 465 and note; Mahomet's opinion
of, 471 note; destroys library at
Alexandria, and Persian books, 482
sq. note; mosque of, at Jerusalem,
vi., 361.

Oenoe, in Pontus, Manuel Comnenus at, Omar II. (caliph), persecutes the Chris-

v., 253.

Ogli, Lazarus, vii., 163 note.

Ogotai, Grand Khan, death of, vii., 18
note.

Ogors or Varchonites, conquered by the
Turks, iv., 377 and note.

Ogyges, comets in his time, iv., 462 and
note.

Ohud, battle of, v., 387 and note.
Oil, distribution of, at Rome, iii., 320;
tax on, in Africa, ib.
Okba ibn Nafi, see Akbah.
Olahus, Nicholas, Archbishop of Gran,
his Life of Attila, iii., 440 note.
Old Man of the Mountain, vii., 14.
Olearius, traveller, v., 49 note; on Nov-
gorod, vi., 157 note.

Olga, Princess of Russia, baptism of, vi.,
169.

Olibriones, Gallic tribe, iii., 487 note.
Olive, cultivation of the, i., 57.
Olivento, river, victory of the Normans
on the, vi., 186 note.

Oljai, wife of Timour, vii., 47 note.
Olybrius, Roman patrician, iv., 431.
Olybrius, senator, made Emperor of the

West by Ricimer, iv., 47; death, 49
sq. and note.
Olympias, wife of Arsaces Tiranus [Ar-
shak], iii., 56 and note, 58.
Olympias, daughter of Ablavius, ii., 516
note.

Olympic games at Antioch, ii., 491.
Olympiodorus, account of Rome, iii., 309
sq.

tians, v., 522 note; journey to Syria,
464 note; vi., 8 and note.

Omayya, see Ommiyah.
Ommiyah, family of, v., 378; support
Omayya, 412; Syria, under the, 471;
revolt of Arabia and Persia from,
vi., 19 sqq.; fall of, 22.
Omortag, see Giom Omortag.
Onagri, warlike engines, iv., 337 and
note.

Onegesius, favourite of Attila, iii., 453
sq.; wife of, receives Attila, 464.
Onulph, brother of Odoacer, iv., 53.
Opadna, iv., 275 note.
Ophites, ii., 13 note.

Opilio, delator of Boethius, iv., 215 note.
Opima, iii., 135 note.
Opis, ii., 536.

Oppas, Archbishop of Toledo, v., 503, 509
note.

Oppian law, iv., 508 note.
Opsikian Theme, mutiny of, v., 196; be-
siege Anastasius, vi., 7 note.
Opsopoeus, iv., 328 note.
Optatianus, panegyric of, i., 470 note; ii.
221.

Optatus, brother-in-law of Constantine,
ii., 218; his death, 236.
Optatus of Milevis, ii., 410 note.
Ora or Opta, given by Theodemir to the

Saracens, v., 511.

Oracles, ii., 126 and note; abolished, 415.
Orang outang, iii., 54 note.

Orchan, son of the Caliph Othman, con-
quers Prusa, vii., 25; conquests of,