SEC. 4. The General Assembly shall have power to exclude from the privilege of voting, or of being eligible to office, any person convicted of bribery, perjury, or other infamous crime.

SEC. 5. No person in the military, naval, or marine service of the United States shall, by being stationed in any garrison, military or naval station within the State, be considered a resident of this State.

SEC. 6. No idiot or insane person shall be entitled to the privileges of an elector.

ARTICLE VI.

EDUCATION.

SECTION 1. The principal of all funds arising from the sale or other disposition of lands or other property granted or entrusted to this State for educational or religious purposes, shall forever be preserved inviolate and undiminished; and the income arising therefrom shall be faithfully applied to the specific objects of the original grants or appropriations.

SEC. 2. The General Assembly shall make such provisions, by taxation or otherwise, as, with the income arising from the school trust fund, will secure a thorough and efficient system of common schools throughout the State, but no religious or other sect or sects shall ever have any exclusive right to, or control of, any part of the school funds of this State.

SECTION I.

Institutions for the benefit of the insane, blind, and deaf and dumb, shall always be fostered and supported by the State, and be subject to such regula tions as may be prescribed by the General Assembly.

SEC. 2. The Directors of the Penitentiary shall be appointed or elected in such manner as the General Assembly may direct; and the trustees of the benevolent and other State institutions now elected by the General Assembly, and of such other State institutions as may be hereafter created, shall be appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; and upon all nominations made by the Governor, the question shall be taken by yeas and nays, and entered upon the Journals of the Senate.

SEC. 3. The Governor shall have power to fill all vacancies that may occur in the offices aforesaid, until the next session of the General Assembly, and until a successor to his appointee shall be confirmed and qualified.

ARTICLE VIII.

PUBLIC DEBT AND PUBLIC WORKS.

SECTION 1. The State may contract debts to supply casual deficits or failure in revenues, or to meet expenses not otherwise provided for; but the aggregate amount of such debts, direct and contingent, whether contracted by virtue of one or more acts of the General Assembly, or at different periods of time, shall never exceed $750,000 dollars; and the money arising from the creation of such debts shall be applied to the purpose for which it was obtained, or to repay the debts so contracted, and to no other purpose whatever.

SFC 2. In addition to the above limited power, the State may contract debts to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, defend the State in war, or to redeem the present outstanding indebtedness of the State; but the money arising from the contracting of such debts shall be applied to the purpose for which it is raised, or to repay such debts, and to no other purpose whatever; and all debts incurred to redeem

the present outstanding indebtedness of the State shall be so contracted as to be payable by the sinking fund'hereinafter provided for, as the same shall accumulate.

SEC. 3. Except the debts above specified in sections one and two of this article, no debt whatever shall hereafter be created by, or on behalf of, the State.

SEC. 4. The credit of the State shall not, in any manner, be given or loaned to, or in aid of, any individual association or corporation whatever; nor shall the State ever hereafter become a joint owner or stockholder in any company or association in this State, or elsewhere formed, for any purpose whatever.

SEC. 5. The State shall never assume the debts of any county, city, town or township, or of any corporation whatever, unless such debt shall have been created to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend the State in war.

SEC. 6. The General Assembly shall never authorize any county, city, town, or township, by vote of its citizens or otherwise, to become a stockholder in any joint stock company, corporation or association whatever; or to raise money for, or loan its credit to, or in aid of, such company, corporation, or association.

SEC. 7. The faith of the State being pledged for the payment of its public debt, in order to provide therefor there shall be created a sinking fund, which shall be sufficient to pay the accruing interest on such debt, and, annually, to reduce the principal thereof, by a sum not less than $100,000 dollars, increased yearly, and each and every year, by compounding at the rate of six per cent. per annum. The said sinking fund shall consist of the net annual income of the public works and stocks owned by the State, of any other funds or resources that are, or may be, provided by law, and of such further sum, to be raised by taxation, as may be required for the purposes aforesaid.

SEC. 8. The Auditor of State, Secretary of State, and Attorney General are hereby created a board of commissioners, to be styled "The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund."

SEC. 9. The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund shall, immediately preceding each regular session of the General Assembly, make an estimate of the probable amount of the fund provided for in the seventh section of this article, from all sources except from taxation, and report the same, together with all their proceedings relative to said fund and the public debt, to the Governor, who shall transmit the same, with his regular message to the General Assembly; and the General Assembly shall make all necessary provision for raising and disbursing said Sinking Fund, in pursuance of the provisions of this article.

SEC. 10. It shall be the duty of the said Commissioners faithfully to apply said fund, together with all moneys that may be, by the General Assembly, appropriated to that object, to the payment of the interest, as it becomes due, and the redemption of the principal of the public debt of the State, excepting only the school and trust funds held by the State.

SEC. 11. The said Commissioners shall, semi-annually, make a full and detailed report of their proceedings to the Governor, who shall immediately cause the same to be published, and shall also communicate the same to the General Assembly forthwith, if it be in session; and if not, then at its first session after such report shall be made.

SEC. 12. So long as this State shall have public works which require superintendence, there shall be a Board of Public Works, to consist of three members, who shall be elected by the people at the first general election after the adoption of this Constitution, one for the term of one year, and one for the term of two years, and one for the term of three years; and one member of said board shall be elected annually thereafter, who shall hold his office for three years.

SEC. 13. The powers and duties of said Board of Public Works, and its several members, and their compensation, shall be such as now are, or may be, prescribed by law.

ARTICLE IX.

MILITARY.

SECTION 1. All white male citizens resident of this State, being eighteen years of age, and under the age of forty-five years, shall be enrolled in the militia, and perform military duty, in such manner, not incompatible with the Constitution and laws of the United States, as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 2. Majors General, Brigadiers General, Colonels, Lieutenant Colonels, Majors, Captains, and Subalterns, shall be elected by the persons subject to military duty, in their respective districts.

SEC. 3. The Governor shall appoint the Adjutant General, Quartermaster General, and such other staff officers as may be provided by law. Majors General, Brigadiers General, Colonels, or commandants of regiments, battalions or squadrons, shall, severally, appoint their staff, and captains shall appoint their non-commissioned officers and musicians.

SEC. 4. The Governor shall commission all officers of the line and staff, ranking as such; and shall have power to call forth the militia to execute the laws of the State, to suppress insurrection, and repel invasion.

SEC. 5. The General Assembly shall provide, by law, for the protection and safe keeping of the public arms.

ARTICLE X.

COUNTY AND TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATIONS.

SECTION I. The General Assembly shall provide, by law, for the election of such county and township officers as may be necessary.

SEC. 2. County officers shall be elected on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November, by the electors in each county, in such manner and for such term not exceeding three years, as may be provided by law. [As amended October 13, 1885; 82 v. 446.]

SEC. 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of sheriff or county treasurer for more than four years in any period of six years.

SEC. 4. Township officers shall be elected by the electors of each township, a such time, in such manner, and for such term, not exceeding three years, as may be provided by law, but shall hold their offices until their successors are elected and qualified. [As amended October 13, 1885; 82 v. 449.]

SEC. 5.

No money shall be drawn from any county or township treasury except by authority of law.

SEC. 6. Justices of the peace and county and township officers may be removed in such manner and for such cause as shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 7. The commissioners of counties, the trustees of townships, and similar boards, shall have such power of local taxation for police purposes as may be prescribed by law.

ARTICLE XI.

APPORTIONMENT.

SECTION I. The apportionment of this State for members of the General Assembly shall be made every ten years, after the year 1851, in the following manner: The whole population of the State, as. ascertained by the federal census, or in such other mode as the General Assembly may direct, shall be divided by the number "one hundred," and the quotient shall be the ratio of representation in the House of Representatives for ten years next succeeding such apportionment.

SEC. 2. Every county having a population equal to one-half of said ratio shall be entitled to one Representative; every county containing said ratio and threefourths over, shall be entitled to two Representatives; every county containing three

the present outstanding indebtedness of the State shall be so contracted as to be payable by the sinking fund hereinafter provided for, as the same shall accumulate.

SEC. 3. Except the debts above specified in sections one and two of this article, no debt whatever shall hereafter be created by, or on behalf of, the State.

SEC. 4. The credit of the State shall not, in any manner, be given or loaned to, or in aid of, any individual association or corporation whatever; nor shall the State ever hereafter become a joint owner or stockholder in any company or association in this State, or elsewhere formed, for any purpose whatever.

SEC. 5. The State shall never assume the debts of any county, city, town or township, or of any corporation whatever, unless such debt shall have been created to repel invasion, suppress insurrection, or defend the State in war.

SEC. 6. The General Assembly shall never authorize any county, city, town, or township, by vote of its citizens or otherwise, to become a stockholder in any joint stock company, corporation or association whatever; or to raise money for, or loan its credit to, or in aid of, such company, corporation, or association.

SEC. 7. The faith of the State being pledged for the payment of its public debt, in order to provide therefor there shall be created a sinking fund, which shall be sufficient to pay the accruing interest on such debt, and, annually, to reduce the principal thereof, by a sum not less than $100,000 dollars, increased yearly, and each and every year, by compounding at the rate of six per cent. per annum. The said sinking fund shall consist of the net annual income of the public works and stocks owned by the State, of any other funds or resources that are, or may be, provided by law, and of such further sum, to be raised by taxation, as may be required for the purposes aforesaid.

SEC. 8. The Auditor of State, Secretary of State, and Attorney General arehereby created a board of commissioners, to be styled "The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund."

SEC. 9. The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund shall, immediately preceding each regular session of the General Assembly, make an estimate of the probableamount of the fund provided for in the seventh section of this article, from all sources except from taxation, and report the same, together with all their proceedings relative to said fund and the public debt, to the Governor, who shall transmit the same, with his regular message to the General Assembly; and the General Assembly shall make all necessary provision for raising and disbursing said Sinking Fund, in pursuance of the provisions of this article.

SEC. 10. It shall be the duty of the said Commissioners faithfully to apply said fund, together with all moneys that may be, by the General Assembly, appropriated to that object, to the payment of the interest, as it becomes due, and the redemption of the principal of the public debt of the State, excepting only the school and trust funds held by the State.

SEC. 11. The said Commissioners shall, semi-annually, make a full and detailed report of their proceedings to the Governor, who shall immediately cause the same to be published, and shall also communicate the same to the General Assembly forthwith, if it be in session; and if not, then at its first session after such report shall be made.

SEC. 12. So long as this State shall have public works which require superintendence, there shall be a Board of Public Works, to consist of three members, who shall be elected by the people at the first general election after the adoption of this Constitution, one for the term of one year, and one for the term of two years, and one for the term of three years; and one member of said board shall be elected annually thereafter, who shall hold his office for three years.

SEC. 13. The powers and duties of said Board of Public Works, and its several members, and their compensation, shall be such as now are, or may be, prescribed by law.

ARTICLE IX.

MILITARY.

SECTION 1. All white male citizens resident of this State, being eighteen years of age, and under the age of forty-five years, shall be enrolled in the militia, and perform military duty, in such manner, not incompatible with the Constitution and laws of the United States, as may be prescribed by law.

SEC. 2. Majors General, Brigadiers General, Colonels, Lieutenant Colonels, Majors, Captains, and Subalterns, shall be elected by the persons subject to military duty, in their respective districts.

SEC. 3. The Governor shall appoint the Adjutant General, Quartermaster General, and such other staff officers as may be provided by law. Majors General, Brigadiers General, Colonels, or commandants of regiments, battalions or squadrons, shall, severally, appoint their staff, and captains shall appoint their non-commissioned officers and musicians.

SEC. 4. The Governor shall commission all officers of the line and staff, ranking as such; and shall have power to call forth the militia to execute the laws of the State, to suppress insurrection, and repel invasion.

SEC. 5. The General Assembly shall provide, by law, for the protection and safe keeping of the public arms.

ARTICLE X.

COUNTY AND TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATIONS.

SECTION I. The General Assembly shall provide, by law, for the election of such county and township officers as may be necessary.

SEC. 2. County officers shall be elected on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November, by the electors in each county, in such manner and for such term not exceeding three years, as may be provided by law. [As amended October 13, 1885; 82 v. 446.]

SEC. 3. No person shall be eligible to the office of sheriff or county treasurer for more than four years in any period of six years.

SEC. 4. Township officers shall be elected by the electors of each township, a such time, in such manner, and for such term, not exceeding three years, as may be provided by law, but shall hold their offices until their successors are elected and qualified. [As amended October 13, 1885; 82 v. 449.]

SEC. 5. No money shall be drawn from any county or township treasury except by authority of law.

SEC. 6. Justices of the peace and county and township officers may be removed in such manner and for such cause as shall be prescribed by law.

SEC. 7. The commissioners of counties, the trustees of townships, and similar boards, shall have such power of local taxation for police purposes as may be prescribed by law.

ARTICLE XI.

APPORTIONMENT.

SECTION 1. The apportionment of this State for members of the General Assembly shall be made every ten years, after the year 1851, in the following manner : The whole population of the State, as. ascertained by the federal census, or in such other mode as the General Assembly may direct, shall be divided by the number one hundred," and the quotient shall be the ratio of representation in the House of Representatives for ten years next succeeding such apportionment.

66

SEC. 2. Every county having a population equal to one-half of said ratio shall be entitled to one Representative; every county containing said ratio and threefourths over, shall be entitled to two Representatives; every county containing three