LESSON LXIII.

THE COMPOUND SENTENCE.

A compound sentence is a sentence made up of two or more independent members; as,

The walls are high, and the shores are steep.

Each member of a compound sentence, by itself, forms a complete sentence, which may be simple or complex; as, The Mayor was dumb, and the Council stood

As if they were changed into blocks of wood.

1. The Mayor was dumb. (Simple Sentence.)

2. The Council stood as if they were changed into blocks of wood. (Complex Sentence.)

The connective between the members may be omitted, but the relation between the members should be stated in the analysis; as,

The night is chill, the cloud is gray.

To analyze a compound sentence

1. Tell the kind of sentence.

2. Name the different members, and tell how they are connected.

3. Analyze in order the different members of the sentence.

Example. The merchants shut up their warehouses, and the laboring men stood idle about the wharves.

ORAL ANALYSIS.

1. This is a compound declarative sentence, consisting of two simple members connected by the copulative conjunction, and.

2. The subject of the first member is the merchants; the predi

cate, shut up their warehouses. The subject consists of the noun merchants, modified by the adjective the. The predicate consists of the verb shut, modified by the adverb up, and completed by the object warehouses. The object is modified by the possessive pronoun their.

3. The subject of the second member is the laboring men; the predicate, stood idle about the wharves. The subject consists of the noun men, modified by the phrase the laboring, of which laboring modifies men, and the modifies laboring men. The predicate consists of the verb stood, completed by the adjective idle, and modified by the adverbial phrase about the wharves.

Modifier of predicate verb . . . about the wharves. (Adverbial phrase.)

1. Every day is a little life; and our whole life is but a day repeated.

2. The harvest truly is plenteous, but the laborers are few. 3. They toil not, neither do they spin.

4. It is one thing to be well informed; it is another to be wise.

5. The ravine was full of sand now, but it had once been full of water.

6. He touched his harp, and nations heard, entranced. 7. The moon is up, and yet it is not night. — BYRON. Stay, rivulet, nor haste to leave

8.

The lovely vale that lies around thee. - BRYANT.

9. They had played together in infancy; they had worked together in manhood; they were now tottering about, and gossiping away the evening of life; and in a short time they will probably be buried together in the neighboring churchyard. — IRVING.

10. Now stir the fire, and close the shutters fast. - Cowper.

EXERCISE II.

I. Lay down the axe; fling by the spade;

Leave in its track the toiling plough. - Bryant.

2. I turned in my saddle and made its girths tight.

3. He assisted at their sports, made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles, and told them long stories of ghosts, witches, and Indians. — IRVING.

4.

That was the grandest funeral
That ever passed on earth;

Yet no man heard the trampling,
Or saw the train go forth.

5. But what chiefly characterized the colonists of Merry Mount was their veneration for the Maypole. It has made their true history a poet's tale. Spring decked the hallowed emblem with young blossoms and fresh green boughs; Summer brought roses of the deepest blush, and the perfected foliage of the forest; Autumn enriched it with that red and yellow gorgeousness which converts each wildwood leaf into a painted flower; and Winter silvered it with sleet, and hung it round with icicles, till it flashed in the cold sunshine, itself a frozen sunbeam. HAWTHORNE.

LESSON LXIV.

SELECTIONS FOR ANALYSIS.

I.

THE ARROW AND THE SONG.

I shot an arrow into the air,

It fell to earth, I knew not where;
For, so swiftly it flew, the sight
Could not follow it in its flight.

I breathed a song into the air,

It fell to earth, I knew not where;
For who has sight so keen and strong
That it can follow the flight of song?

Long, long afterward, in an oak.
I found the arrow, still unbroke;
And the song, from beginning to end,

I found again in the heart of a friend.

- HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW.

II.

RIP VAN WINKLE.

The great error in Rip's composition was an insuperable aversion to all kinds of profitable labor. It could not be from the want of assiduity or perseverance; for he would sit on a wet rock, with a rod as long and heavy as a Tartar's lance, and fish all day without a murmur, even though he should not be encouraged by a single nibble. He would carry a fowling-piece on his shoulder for hours together, trudging through woods and swamps, and up hill and down dale, to shoot a few squirrels or wild pigeons. He would never refuse to assist a neighbor, even in the roughest toil, and was a foremost man at all country frolics for husking Indian corn or building stone fences. The women of the village, too, used to employ him to run their errands, and to do such little odd jobs as their less obliging husbands would not do for them;-in a word, Rip was ready to attend to anybody's business but his own; but as to doing