brought to his consideration. He was in all respects a wellequipped lawyer. But it was on the bench that he most distinguished himself. No one not knowing him well could appreciate his great ability as a nisi prius judge." It was our privilege to have practiced before him, both in the district and supreme court, and here we may correct a small error of the Judge, in the paper referred to, as read by him before the Pioneer Law Makers' Association, in which he said that "this (the Ralph) case was the first case decided in the supreme court of Iowa." That decision was rendered at the July term, 1839. The Judge overlooked the fact that the court held a session in November, 1838. There was but a single case before it, which I, by the courtesy of Woods, “Old Timber," as he was called, argued and won. It was a criminal case appealed from the district court of Des Moines county. Knowing him thus as I did, I can join with brother Knight, his eulogist, in all the high encomiums he has testified in favor of his friend. "He evinced," he said, "a depth of legal learning which was indeed remarkable. He had wonderful facility for plainly, fully, and clearly putting a case to a jury; ready writer as he was, the giving up of a charge was no difficulty. Some of the most important and ably-fought criminal trials that ever took place in this county were tried before him, some of which, upon the publication of his charges to the jury, attracted much legal attention everywhere. Judge Wilson was a man of and with the people. Prosperity did not turn his head nor cause him for a moment to waver in his sympathy for his kind. When he was considered a millionaire he was the same kind, considerate, humanely-disposed man as when he was not in such affluence, and when, through endorsements for friends, he lost much of his property. No kinder-hearted man ever lived, and no truer friend." The present generation knows little of the Judge, and there are but few of the older generation still alive, but they will fully appreciate the kind words spoken of him by his friend and our friend, Knight. career. Brought up amid refining influences of home life, he early acquired the gentlemanly characteristics which so distinguished him at all times and on all occasions through his long He had his faults. Who has not? A perfect man has not yet appeared. His faults caused injury to no one but himself, and now that he is gone, let us who survive and who knew him remember but his virtues, which so far outweighed them." And thus passed away one of the most useful and distinguished of Iowa pioneers, one whose long residence, 1836 to 1894, in the city which in early life he made his home most thoroughly identified him with its history, as that also of the State he so long and honorably served. But few of his early contemporaries remain (like Generals Jones and Booth, Judges Kinney, in California, Murdock and Noble, Wright, and ourself) to cast the sprig of acacia in the new-made grave. But with us, while life lasts, memory will ever remain green and fresh as in the days of yore. THE RUSSELL EXPEDITION. [EDITOR HISTORICAL RECORD:" The events which led up to the expedition which Mr. Frank Russell has so successfully concluded were as follows: 80 In the summer of 1891, Mr. Russell and Mr. A. G. Smith, at that time students in the University, went with the writer to carry on zoological explorations in the region of Lake Winnipeg. The trip was accompanied by considerable hardship and annoyance, and afforded an excellent test of the character and pluck of the young men. Both proved themselves to be of the stuff from which successful explorers are made. Previous to this Messrs. Smith and Russell had turned their attention to the far north and had made plans to work in that region. While at the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in 1891, we met Roderick Ross MacFarlane, one of the chief factors of the Hudson's Bay Company, and a naturalist of repute. Mr. MacFarlane had himself spent many years in the far north, and very strongly urged the necessity of sending an expedition for zoological investigation, before the musk-ox were entirely exterminated by the Indians and Esquimaux, who were slaughtering them for their robes. Mr. Russell's already well matured ambition to try his hand at arctic exploration was of course materially increased by the many pertinent facts related by the veteran Hudson's Bay officer, and the writer was at the same time firmly convinced that great things could be done for science, in this direction, if the right man to do it could be found, and that the institution that should seize the opportunity, would gain not only collections of immense value, but also an amount of credit among scientific men that would redound greatly to its reputation. The right man was at hand, in the person of Mr. Frank Russell, who promptly volunteered to undertake the work. Mr. MacFarlane promised to use his influence to get the backing of the Hudson's Bay Company for the enterprise, a promise most faithfully kept. Upon returning to Iowa City, the whole scheme was laid before President Schaeffer and some of the Regents. They at once saw the importince of the undertaking, but were met by the ever present question of funds. Mr. Russell was willing to do the work for merely nominal pay, and also to practice the most rigid economy in the matter of expenses. The funds were finally raised and our explorer sent on his way, As to the expedition and its results, lack of space will not permit me to enter into details. He who reads between the lines of the modest and all too brief account that follows, will see that it involved an amount of endurance and hardship, of pluck and perseverance that is seldom equalled. In my opinion he has shown such dogged determination, cool bravery and good judgment in the pursuit of his object, as should win for him a high place among the great explorers of the far north. It must be remembered that he was alone and unaccompanied by a retinue of attendants and helpers, and that the rigid economy which he practiced necessitated his going without many things considered necessary by the Hudson's Bay men while traveling in that country. His life was that of the Dog Rib Indians, a constant round of exposure and hunger, combined with continual labor of the hardest kind. The musk-ox trip alone involved running behind his dogs for eight hundred miles, four hundred of which was over the treeless "Barren Ground" with only the little wood which they carried on the sleds. As to the collection that has been the result of this enterprise, it is sufficient to say that it is probably the most extensive and valuable series of animals of the north that has ever been secured by a single expedition, All the specimens have arrived in excellent condition, attesting the energy and fidelity with which Mr. Russell's remarkable mission was accomplished. C. C. NUTTING.] HE principal object of this expedition was to obtain for the State University a full series of the northern mammals, particularly of the musk-ox and incidentally to collect natural history specimens of any kind obtain able. I was furnished with just sufficient money for personal expenses during two winters and one summer in that region; with ample means I could have trebled the collection and escaped much of its hardship. The board of Regents did all in their power to provide funds and manifested a genuiue interest in the expedition. As I would not begin collecting for the University until the middle of August, 1892, Mr. A. G. Smith and I decided to spend the summer collecting for our own cabinets, in the Puget Sound region and in Central British Columbia. Late in August I left Winnipeg for Grand Rapids at the mouth of the Saskatchewan River, where I expected to winter at the Hudson's Bay Company's post. The autumn was spent in collecting moose, ornithological and ethnological specimens. The winter passed slowly; the temperature several times. reached sixty degrees below zero. I On the 20th of February I started for the nearest railway point, three hundred miles distant, walking on snow shoes. Leaving Winnipeg as soon as possible, I went to Fort Macleod, Alta, where I spent a month in general collecting. then went to Edmonton, the present northern terminus of the Canadian Pacific Railway; a hundred miles by wagon brought me to Athabasca Landing, on the Athabasca River, down which a party of Hudson's Bay Company people were about to go in a large boat. We reached Fort Chippewyan, on Lake Athabasca on the 14th of May, after several adventures in the rapids and ice. After spending a month here collecting birds, I continued down the Great Slave River to the lake of the same name. and crossed to Fort Rae. which was reached July 7th, 1893This I made my headquarters until May 10th, 1894, traveling nearly a thousand miles by canoes and boats and over twentyone hundred on snow shoes. I secured five large musk-ox. nine Barren Ground caribou, etc., etc. On the 10th of May I left Rae, traveling still on snow shoes to Ft. Providence, the nceover six hundred miles by steamer down the Mackenzie, two hundred and eighty farther alone in a birch canoe, then one hundred and sixty miles in company with another canoe to the mouth of the Mackenzie. We followed the Arctic coast for one hundred miles to Herschel Island, where American whalers have found a harbor suitable for wintering in. Leaving here in the steamer "Jeanette" on August 30th, after cruising a month about Wrangel Land, we reached San Francisco October 27th. On the last stage of the journey I had secured several bear skins and much valuable ethnological material. FRANK RUSSELL. THE ZUNI INDIANS AND THEIR SCHOOLS. [Much has been written and published concerning the Zuni Indians, am interesting tribe of aborigines found in the Territories of New Mexico and Arizona, whose manners and customs proclaim them superior to the ordinary Indian. The address of Miss Lauderdale and the Letters of Miss Dissette, here following, were not prepared for publication, and, therefore, are not susceptible of the suspicion that anything therein contained was written for effect. For this reason, to those interested in the success of Indian schools and Indian progress, subjects becoming daily more and more absorbing to the philanthropist and the statesman, these papers will have more value than official records or reports, as exhibiting every-day life at an Indian school.] ZUNI PUEBLO, NEW MEXICO. A PAPER READ BY MISS F. H. LAUDERDALE, AT THE WOMAN'S A LITTLE more than half way from ocean to ocean. in the middle of our great domain, lies the Territory of New Mexico, said to be twice as large as all of New England. Nearly a century before the Pilgrim Fathers landed on Plymouth Rock, some Spanish adventurers had penetrated this territory from Old Mexico, and carried with them their teachers and missionaries. In 1580 a Spanish general fol |