PERSONAL

AND

COMMUNITY HEALTH

By

CLAIR ELSMERE TURNER

Associate Professor of Biology and Public Health in the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology; Associate Professor of Hygiene in the
Tufts College Medical and Dental Schools; Sometime Member
of the Administrative Board in the School of Public
Health of Harvard University and the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology; Fellow American Public
Health Association; Major, Sanitary Corps,
U. S. A. (Reserve)

SECOND EDITION

ST. LOUIS

THE C. V. MOSBY COMPANY

1926

PUBLIC

HEALTH
LIBRARY

COPYRIGHT, 1925, 1926, BY THE C. V. MOSBY COMPANY

(All rights reserved)

Printed in U. S. A.

Press of
The C. V. Mosby Company

St. Louis

ΤΟ

MY MOTHER

This book is

Affectionately Dedicated

601667

PREFACE

This book has been prepared for the student at the university, college or professional school. It deals with the health of the individual and with the health of the community.

The treatment of personal hygiene presents the facts of healthful living and the scientific principles upon which these health practices rest. There is little discussion of anatomy and the description of body function goes only far enough to make clear the principles of hygiene which are presented.

The public health is considered from the standpoint of what the college or professional man, who is not a sanitarian, needs to know in order to protect his family and meet his responsibility as a citizen.

In arranging the order of the text, those aspects of personal hygiene that are not related to infection are first considered. Then follows a discussion of the development of the new science of disease prevention and its effect upon personal hygiene and upon public or community health.

The author desires to acknowledge gratefully the assistance received from many persons in the criticism of the manuscript. In particular, thanks are due to Professor Percy G. Stiles of the Harvard Medical School for reading some of the manuscript on personal hygiene and for assisting in the preparation of a diagram of the autonomic nervous system. Special thanks are also due to Dr. F. H. Slack for reading the chapter on immunity, to Dr. F. A. Woods for suggestions in connection with the material on heredity, to Dr. A. LeRoy Johnson for assistance in the chapter on oral hygiene, and to other teaching associates for stimulating and helpful suggestions. The discussion of dental hygiene presented in this book is, in the main, the work of Dr. William Rice, Dean Tufts College Dental School.