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sooner. When he starts to breathe, treat his burns and keep him warm by covering him with coats, jumpers, blankets, or the like, or use covered safety lamps, hot-water bottles, or hot bricks, until the doctor comes. Do not give brandy, whisky, coffee, or any other food or drink unless he is able to talk and drink, then give one teaspoonful of aromatic spirits of ammonia in a half a glass of water or hot coffee slowly. Do not place against the skin any hot article that might burn it. Place a thick blanket or cloth over the skin and be sure that you can hold the article in your own hand without burning it.

If a man is overcome by bad air, powder smoke, afterdamp, or the like, first move him to fresh air, then loosen his clothing, place him face downward on the floor and do as above. When he starts to breathe, try to make him vomit by tickling the back of his throat

FIGURE 18.-Dressing for burns of the face, head, and neck.

FIGURE 19.-Dressing for the eye.

or by putting your finger down his throat. Never attempt to give an unconscious man anything to drink, as the liquid will choke him.

BURNS.

If a man is burned, keep the air from the burned places by covering loosely each place with picric acid gauze and an open bandage. If he is conscious give him sips of hot coffee or hot water.

BURNS OF HANDS OR FEET.

If the hands or feet are burned and picric acid gauze or clean cloth can be had, wrap each finger or toe loosely and separately; in wrapping gauze or cloth around a burn, do not wrap tightly; the material should stand loose from the flesh, but should cover the burns and keep out the air.

BURNS OF FACE AND HEAD.

If the face and head are burned, place picric acid gauze or clean. cloth over the head, completely covering fase, eyes, and all burned parts, and cut a small opening for the eyes and near the nose and mouth for breathing; do not let picric acid gauze touch the eyes. Place some gauze or cloth over the tips of the ears and back of the ears between head and ears (see figure 18).

INJURIES TO THE EYE.

If the eye is badly hurt, as by a blast, it is best not to try to remove the bits of rock, etc.; quickly cover the injured eye with a bandage compress (not picric acid gauze) or clean cloth or cotton and tie loosely (see figure 19). Do not allow the patient to rub the eyes, but lead or carry him to a doctor as soon as possible.

If the eye has merely a small piece of rock or other material in it, close both eyes for about half a minute and moisture from the eye may form and wash away the particle. If this remedy fails, close both eyes, pull the upper lid over the lower lid two or three times, close the nostril on the other side of the head with the finger, and blow the nose hard. Bandage the eye and wait for the doctor's aid.

SHOCK.

All injuries cause the patient more or less shock. Shock often makes the patient's skin feel cold and may cause him trouble in breathing or make him feel that he is going to fall, or he may be unconscious. If his condition is very bad, he does not want to know anything of what is going on around him. Therefore, when you treat the injured person it is always best to keep him warm by covering him with clothing or blankets and by applying heat to his body by the use of safety lamps, hot bricks, or bottles filled with hot water. These should be watched to see that they do not burn the patient.

LEARN ABOUT FIRST-AID TRAINING.

This circular has been prepared to interest miners in first aid. If you are interested, write the Director of the Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C., for a miners' circular on "First Aid for Miners," which fully explains first-aid methods. Ask your boss to place you in the first-aid class, if there is such a class organized at your mine. If there is not, tell the boss he ought to organize one. Take first-aid and mine-rescue training the next time one of the mine-rescue cars of the Bureau of Mines visits your mine.

LIST OF MINERS' CIRCULARS.

The following miners' circulars are available for free distribution until the edition is exhausted. Only one free copy can be sent to one person, and requests for all circulars can not be filled. Requests for copies should be addressed to the Director of the Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 5. Electrical accidents in mines, their causes and prevention, by H. H. Clark, W. D. Roberts, L. C. Ilsley, and H. F. Randolph. 1911. 10 pp., 3 pls.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 8. First-aid instructions for miners, by M. W. Glasgow, W. A. Raudenbush, and C. O. Roberts. 1913. 67 pp., 51 figs.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 9. Accidents from falls of roof and coal, by G. S. Rice. 1912. 16 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 10. Mine fires and how to fight them, by J. W. Paul. 1912. 14 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 12. The use and care of miners' safety lamps, by J. W. Paul. 1913. 16 pp., 4 figs.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 13. Safety in tunneling, by D. W. Brunton and J. A. Davis. 1913. 19 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 14. Gases found in coal mines, by G. A. Burrell and F. M. Seibert. 1914. 23 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 15. Rules for mine-rescue and first-aid field contests, by J. W. Paul. 1913. 12 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 16. Hints on coal-mine ventilation, by J. J. Rutledge. 1914. 22 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 17. Accidents from falls of rock or ore, by Edwin Higgins. 1914. 15 pp., 8 figs.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 18. Notes on miners' carbide lamps, by J. W. Paul. 1915. 11 pp.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 20. How a miner can avoid some dangerous diseases, by A. J. Lanza and J. H. White. 1916. 26 pp., 4 figs.

MINERS' CIRCULAR 21. What a miner can do to prevent explosions of gas and of coal dust, by G. S. Rice. 1915. 24 pp.

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Harvard College Library

Jan. 30, 1919.

From

United States Government.

The Bureau of Mines, in carrying out one of the provisions of its organic act-to disseminate information concerning investigations made-prints a limited free edition of each of its publications.

When this edition is exhausted, copies may be obtained at cost price only through the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.

The Superintendent of Documents is not an official of the Bureau of Mines. His is an entirely separate office and he should be addressed:

SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS,

Government Printing Office,

Washington, D. C.

The general law under which publications are distributed prohibits the giving of more than one copy of a publication to one person. The price of this publication is 5 cents.

First edition, December, 1918.

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