Smith, R. H. Taylor; Diamond Springs: S. F. Hamm, J. S. Sargent, Dr. Hinman; Fiddletown: W. A. Norman; Placerville: P. Chamberlin, A. Clark, Dr. Hay, O. Harvey, A. Cook, M. Baker, H. W. Johnson, J. W. Johnson, Dr. Runkler, Robert Rankin, J. S. Titus, H. Van Vleck and H. W. A. Worthen.

X.-FRESNO COUNTY.

COUNTY SEAT-MILLERTON.

Fresno County, organized 1856. Boundaries: North by Merced and Mariposa, east by Utah Territory, south by Tulare and west by Monterey.

Topography. This county was formed from portions of Mariposa, Merced and Tulare, and contains that section of the mining region known as the extreme southern mines. The agricultural land in the county is situated in the vicinity of King's River, and is well adapted for agricultural purposes. There is considerable mineral land in this county but as yet little has been done towards its development in consequence of the want of water. The best of fine red wood and cedar exist in the greatest abundance. There are about twenty thousand acres of swamp land which is represented to be, for grazing, as valuable as any in the State. Acres of land in cultivation, fifteen hundred.

Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, one hundred and ninety miles; from Stockton, one hundred and forty-five miles, and from San Quentin, two hundred and seventy-five miles.

Thirteenth Judicial District.-Hon. Nicholas Cleary, Judge District Court. Sessions: Third Monday in February, June and October.

Sixth Senatorial District.-Senator: Hon. S. A. Merritt; term expires January, 1861.

Member of Assembly.-Hon. J. M. Roane.

Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 250 acres, 5,000 bushels; barley, 1,000 acres, 20,000 bushels; corn, 100 acres, 3,000 bushels; potatoes, 10 acres,

1,000 bushels; sweet potatoes, 4 acres, 1,000 bushels; hay, 400 tuns; wool, 4,000 pounds.

Fruit Trees.-Apple, 100; peach, 500; pear, 50; cherry, 20. Vines: Strawberry, 500; grape, 3,000.

Live Stock. Horses, (American) 50, (Spanish, tame) 800, (Spanish, wild) 350-total number of horses, 1,200; mules, 119; asses 50; stock cattle, 12,000; beef cattle, 3,650-total number of cattle, 15,650; sheep, 5,000; goats, 200; hogs, 1,084; poultry, 3,200.

Indian Reservations.*-Fresno and Kings River farms are established in this county. They consist of two thousand acres, of which six hundred are under cultivation. Number of Indians located thereon, twenty-five hundred and fifty-five.

Manufactures.-Saw mills, 2; valued at $8,000; lumber sawed, per day, 2,000 feet.

Ferries.-Number, 6; assessed value, $12,000.

Mineral Resources.-"The mineral lands of this county would pay remunerative wages if there was a supply of water. The same remark will apply to the veins of quartz in different localities, some of which have been prospected to great advantage."

Finances, July, 1858.-Floating debt, $7,000; cash in treasury, $1,000; actual debt, $6,000. Receipts for fiscal year, $7,000. Expenditures, same period, $9,000. Amount of taxable property, $664,520. Attorneys.-Millerton: O. M. Brown, H. Clark. Physicians.-None.

XI. HUMBOLDT COUNTY.

COUNTY SEAT-EUREKA.

Humboldt County, organized 1853. Boundaries: North by Klamath, east by Trinity, south by Mendocino, and west by the Pacific.

Topography. This county is estimated to contain an area of three hundred square miles, a large portion of which, about four or five hundred thousand acres, in equal proportions, is adapted to agricultural and grazing purposes. This land chiefly lies in the vicinity of the bay; on Eel River and its tributaries, on the Mattoll, in the south, and the bald hills of the central and eastern part of the county. Swamp and overflowed land purchased from the State, about two thousand acres; under cultivation, about four thousand one hundred and fifty acres. The lands which are settled upon and improved, are of excellent quality, producing grains and esculents in great abundance and variety. Bordering on the bay, the country is principally covered with timber, and of excellent quality, consisting of redwood, pine and spruce. This is probably the best, as well as the most extensive, lumbering district in the State.

* For a more complete description, see p. 134.

Legal Distances. From Sacramento, three hundred and ninety miles; from Stockton, three hundred and ninety miles, and from San Quentin, two hundred and sixty-five miles.

Eighth Judicial District.-Hon. J. P. Haynes, Judge District Court. Sessions, first Monday in March, June and September.

County Courts.-Terms of the County Court, Court of Sessions and Probate Court, second Monday in February, April, June, August, October and December.

Twenty-first Senatorial District.—Senator; Hon. J. C. Burch; term expires January, 1860.

Member of Assembly.-Hon. E. L. Davis.

Agricultural Resources.—The land adapted to cultivation, produce the cereals and the vegetables common to this latitude, in great abundance. Large fields of wheat, cultivated in Eel River Valley, have yielded seventy bushels per acre, and over fifteen tuns of potatoes have been raised from less than one acre. Products: Wheat, 1,350 acres, 40,000 bushels; barley, 250 acres, 10,000 bushels; oats, 1,200 acres, 48,000 bushels; rye, 10 acres, 200 bushels; corn, 75 acres, 2,250 bushels; buckwheat, 20 acres, 500 bushels; peas, 500 acres, 25,000 bushels; beans, 60 acres, 900 bushels; potatoes, 250 acres, 25,000 bushels; onions, 12 acres; hay, 400 acres; broom corn, 3 acres; butter, 100,000 pounds; cheese, 5,000 pounds; eggs, 18,225 dozen.

Fruit Trees.-Apple, 9,000; peach, 4,000; pear, 450; plum, 450; cherry, 250; quince, 400; apricot, 250; fig, 25; almond, 25; walnut, 25. Vines: Gooseberry, 4,050; raspberry, 150; strawberry, 27,009; grape-vines, 915. Considerable attention has been devoted to the cultivation of fruit with satisfactory results.

Live Stock.-Horses, (American,) 400; (Spanish, tame,) 250; (Spanish, wild,) 175; total number of horses, 825; mules, 600; asses, 10; cows, 2,600, calves, 1,500; stock cattle, 3,500; beef cattle, 1,500; oxen, 400; total number of cattle, 9,500; sheep, 500; goats, 50; hogs, 2,800; poultry, 7,375.

"That portion of the county chiefly adapted to stock-growing and dairying purposes, lies between Eel River and Mattoll, near the coast, and also east of the strip of redwood, running north and south, the entire length of the county. This is now being settled by large stock-growers."

Salmon Fisheries.*-The most extensive salmon fisheries in the State, are on Eel River. The fish exist in so great an abundance that a sufficient supply for the entire State may be obtained from this stream alone.

Manufacture of Lumber.-"The principal timber in the county is redwood, extending with an average breadth of eight or ten miles, at a varying distance from the coast of one to five miles. Oak, ash, hickory (so called), and maple, are found in the county. Pine and spruce are also forest trees; for lumber purposes inexhaustible. The present lumber interest of the county furnishes employment to two or three hundred men. Its commerce is not altogether coastwise, but cargoes sail hence to the Islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, Australia, China and South America. There are over ten miles of rail-track; some connecting the timber country with tide-water, for the transportation of logs, and one from Union to the ship-channel in the bay, some two miles." Saw mills, 9-steam, 7, water, 2. Lumber sawed per annum, 25,000,000 feet.

Grist Mills.-Grist mills, 4--steam, 2, water, 2; grain ground per annum 75,000 bushels.

Ferries.-Number of ferries, 3.

Mineral Resources.-The amount of mineral land in this county is quite limited.

Finances.-Amount funded, $10,000, ten per cent. Receipts for fiscal year, 1857–8, $5,000; expenditures same period, $5,000; amount of taxable property, $1,080,833.

Attorneys.-Eureka: L. M. Burson, James Hanna; Humboldt: E. H. Howard; Union: H. W. Havens, W. Van Dyke, J. E. Wyman.

Physicians.—Bucksport: J. Clark; Eel River: D. T. Felt; Eureka: J. N. Hume, G. Lee; Fort Humboldt: L. Guild; Union: Dr. Graw, M. Spencer.

Klamath County, organized 1851. Boundaries: North by Del Norte, east by Siskiyou, south by Trinity and Humboldt and west by the Pacific.

Topography.—The land in this county is generally mountainous, portions of which are covered with dense forests of redwood, cedar, spruce and fir trees. There are several small valleys of excellent land, amounting, in the aggregate, to about thirty thousand acres, which are well adapted to cultivation. Under cultivation, three thousand two hundred acres. There are about twenty thousand acres of the upland, suitable for grazing purposes. The Trinity, Klamath and Salmon rivers are mining streams.

*For a description of these fisheries, see p. 287.

Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, four hundred and fifty miles, from Stockton, four hundred and fifty miles and from San Quentin, three hundred and fifty miles.

OFFICERS.

County Clerk..

W. S. Stevens.

Office.

County Judge*... Ed. P. Fletcher... Orleans Bar..
District Attorney. Gibert Titus..

P'r d'm
Fees..

Coroner.

W. M. Young.

Eighth Judicial District.-Hon. J. P. Haynes, Judge District Court. Sessions, first Monday in April, July and October.

Twelfth Senatorial District.-Senator: Hon. J. Berry; term expires, January, 1860.

Member of Assembly.-Hon. W. B. Bailey.

Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 1,500 acres, 37,500 bushels; barley, 20 acres, 500 bushels: oats, 1,000 acres, 40,000 bushels.

Fruit Trees, (1857).-Apple, 150; peach, 500; grape vines, (1858) 2,000. Live Stock.-Horses, 82; mules and asses, 951; cattle, 535; goats, 12; hogs, 517; poultry, 1,200.

Manufacture of Lumber.-The low mountain land, covered with dense forests of redwood, cedar, spruce, fir, pine and other varieties, contains redwood trees which will measure twenty-five feet in diameter. There is an extensive forest between Redwood Creek and Trinidad, which contains some of the finest specimens of the redwood tree to b found in the State. Number of saw mills, 8-water; lumber sawed per annum, 1,400,000 feet. Value, $56,000.

Grist Mills.-Number, 1-steam; run stone, 2; value, $6,000. Bridges and Ferries.-Bridges, 2; ferries, 4; value, $6,000. Indian Reservation.†-The Klamath Reserve is located in this county. Number of acres, 25,000, a portion of which extends into Del Norte County. Mineral Resources.-The placer diggings of this county are extensive and productive. The vicinity of the Klamath, Trinity and Salmon rivers, and Gold Bluff and the points adjacent to the beach, afford profitable employment to a large number of persons throughout the year.

Water Ditches and Canals.-Ditches, 3; length, 55 miles; sluice heads, 252. Value, $50,000.

*Salary reduced to $1,500 after expiration of present term.
+ For a description of this Reservation, see p. 135.