area, which is annually producing a yield of gold exceeded but by few counties of the State. Number of acres claimed and located, six hundred thousand; inclosed, one hundred and twenty thousand; under cultivation, eighteen thousand. Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, thirty-five miles; from Stockton, eighty miles, and from San Quentin, one hundred and sixty-five miles. Eleventh Judicial District. — Hon. B. F. Myres, Judge of the District Court. Sessions, second Monday in January, April and July, and third Monday in October. County Courts.-Terms of the County Court: Second Monday February, May, August and November. Court of Sessions and Probate Court, as provided by the general law relating to the terms of said courts. Fourteenth Senatorial District.—Senators: Hon. J. H. Baker; term expires January, 1860, and Hon. J. Anderson; term expires January, 1861. Members of Assembly.—Hons. W. C. Stratton, W. P. Barclay, Phillip Lynch and W. P. Wing. Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 5,500 acres, 108,000 bushels; barley, 5,000 acres, 100,000 bushels; oats, 400 acres-cut for hay. There are a number of small tracts of land throughout the county, cultivated for gardening purposes, which produce an abundant supply of vegetables for home consumption. Fruit Trees, (1857).-Apple, 2,800; peach, 6,166; pear, 298; plum, 375; cherry, 88; apricot, 39; nectarine, 20; quince, 1,080. Vines: Currant, 351; gooseberry, 116; raspberry, 290; strawberry, 20,000; grape-vines, (1858,) 5,000. The soil and climate of this county are well adapted to the cultivation of fruit, especially the peach, which appears to thrive remarkably well. With ordinary care they grow luxuriantly, and attain a size and flavor unsurpassed by those of any other fruit district in the State. Live Stock.-Horses, 900; mules and asses, 373; cattle, 4,353; sheep, 3,835; goats, 86; hogs, 4,763; poultry, 8,924. Manufactures.-Grist mills, 2-water 1, steam 1; total run of stone, 6. Cost of construction, $16,000. Saw mills, 23-steam 11, water 12. Lumber sawed per annum, 35,000,000 feet; assessed value of mills, $58,400. Lumber.-The resources of this county for the supply of timber are almost inexhaustible, and the annual sales of lumber form an important item. "The value of rough lumber at the mills is estimated to average about $20 per thousand feet, which amounts in the aggregate to $250,000. There is no business in the county, except mining, which affords more employment than this. The wood chopper, the sawyer and teamster, each find steady and permanent employment at these numerous mills." Mineral Resources." The mines of this county have proved as productive as ever during the past year, and river mining, on the average, more so. The hill tunnels are still being pushed forward, day and night, with great perseverance. In several localities the miner has reached the richest pay in this class of diggings. It can be safely estimated that Placer County has fur nished $7,000,000 of the gold product of the last year. Quartz mills, 17— steam 11, water 6; aggregate of stamps, 144; arastras, 34. Cost of machinery, $170,000. "The quartz interest is in a very healthy condition. During the past season many valuable quartz leads have been discovered, and many new mills erected, which as a general thing, have paid remarkably well." Iron Ore.-Large quantities of this ore are found on the surface of the earth in the vicinity of Green Valley, near Auburn. This is an important accession to the mineral resources of the State. Marble.-There are several extensive beds of marble in the vicinity of Dry Creek and Green Valley. Canals and Water Ditches.-Number of canals, 35; aggregate length, 550 miles; cost of construction, $1,550,000; assessed value, $283,160. Town Water Works.—Auburn and Iowa Hill are supplied with water by private enterprise. Bridges and Turnpike Roads.-Turnpike roads and bridges, 8; cost of construction, $125,000; assessed value, $60,000; bridges, 9; assessed value, $14,600. Lake Bigler. This beautiful lake is situated in a valley of the Sierra Nevada, at the eastern base of the central ridge, near Carson Valley. Its elevation is 5,800 feet above the level of the sea, and about 1,500 feet above Carson Valley, by which it is divided by a mountain ridge three to four miles wide. The 120th meridian of west longitude divides the lake pretty equally, giving its western shore to California and its eastern to Utah. Its northern extremity is only known by report, which is still so contradictory that the length of the lake cannot be set down with anything like accuracy. It can hardly exceed, however, twenty miles in length by about six in breadth ; notwithstanding it has been called forty, and even sixty miles long. The surrounding mountains rise from one to three, and, perhaps, in some cases, four thousand feet above the surface of the lake. They are principally composed of friable white granite, water-worn to that degree that although they are rough, and often covered with rocks and boulders, yet they show no cliffs or precipices. Their bases, of granite sand, rise in majestic curves from the plain of the valley to their steeper flanks. Many of the smaller hills are but high heaps of boulders, the stony skeletons decaying in situ, half buried in their granite debris. There is no lake in this State which for beauty and variety of scenery will compare with Bigler Lake, and to those who have not seen it, a visit there will be productive of both pleasure and information. Finances, May, 1858.-Floating debt, $82,327, ten per cent., if registered; assets, $5,343 91; actual debt, $76,983 09. Receipts for past fiscal year, $69,871 38; expenditures, same period, $65,274 06; assessed value of property, $2,787,473, to be increased by supplementary roll. Attorneys.-Auburn: Geo. Anderson, James Anderson, J. C. Ball, James E. Hale, H. R. Hawkins, F. B. Higgins, C. J. & E. W. Hillyer, W. A. Johnson, M. *Condensed from Hutching's Magazine, August, 1857. E. Mills, B. F. Myres, P. W. Thomas, Charles A. Tuttle; Dutch Flat: J. Jones Griffith, C. A. Tweed; Gold Hill: Wm. B. Greer, F. I. Houston; Iowa Hill: P. H. Sibley; Michigan Bluffs: W. H. Bullock, C. W. C. Rowell; Todd's Valley: Hugh Fitz Simmons; Yankee Jim's: J. F. Welsh. Physicians.-Auburn: Henry Hubbard, J. C. Marks, S. P. Thomas; Dry Creek: Dr. Shellhouse; Forest Hill: W. P. A. Craig; Gold Hill: Dr. Bond, J. A. Hill; Michigan Bluffs: Kemble Faver, F. D. Johnson, Dr. Noble, J. W. Waters, Dr. Wilson; Iowa Hill: W. G. Esmond, J. D. Morris, G. M. Sheridan; Ophir: Dr. Livingstone; Secret Ravine: Dr. High; Todd's Valley: Dr. Todd, J. B. Trask; Virginia: Dr. Fenley; Yankee Jim's: Dr. Barstow, P. B. Fagan, A. Wilkinson. Plumas County, organized, 1854. Boundaries: North by Shasta, east by Utah Territory, south by Sierra and Yuba and west by Butte. Topography.—The general surface of this county presents a high, rugged and broken appearance, but it is relieved by many rich and pleasant valleys, varying in altitude, which contain extensive tracts of land well adapted for agricultural purposes. There is an extensive range for stock, and an abundance of timber to be found throughout the mountainous regions. The area of the county is estimated at four thousand square miles. Land claimed for agricultural purposes, seventeen thousand four hundred and twenty acres. Under cultivation, four thousand nine hundred and thirty-seven acres. Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, one hundred and forty-five miles; from Stockton, one hundred and ninety miles, and from San Quentin, two hundred and seventy-five miles. Assessor Surveyor Coroner John Harbison ... แ 66 66 Fees.. R. Craig Chambers 66 Wm. S. Ingersoll John G. Corey.... Twelve Mile Bar. Pub. Administrator Jas. L. C. Sherwin. Nelson Point. Supervisor. Job T. Taylor.... Indian Valley. North Fork.. Fifteenth Judicial District.-Hon. Warren T. Sexton, Judge District Court. Sessions, second Monday in April, July and October. County Courts.-The terms of the County Court and Court of Sessions: On first Monday of January, May and September. Probate Court: Fourth Monday of each month. Fourteenth Senatorial District.-Senators: Hon. A. S. Hart; term expires January, 1860, and Hon. S. A. Ballou; term expires January, 1861. Member of Assembly.-Hon. T. B. Shannon. Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 3,080 acres, 49,200 bushels; barley, 290 acres, 5,800 bushels; oats, 702 acres, 17,500 bushels; corn, 36 acres, 1,000 bushels; peas, 18 acres; beans, 16 acres; potatoes, 208 acres, 16,000 bushels; hay, 2,000 acres, 2,000 tuns. Fruit Trees.-Apple, 155; peach, 5,840; walnut, 2; grape-vines, 1,195. Live Stock.-Horses, 303; mules, 460; asses, 36; cows, 1,333; calves, 1,120; stock cattle, 1,196; beef cattle, 1,058; oxen, 410. Total number of cattle, 5,117; hogs, 619. Manufactures.-Grist mills, 2-water; run of stone, 4; assessed value, $20,000. Saw mills, 28-steam 2, water 26. Lumber sawed per annum, 20,000,000 feet. Breweries, 2; tannery, 1; brick kilns, 2; lime kilns, 2. Mineral Resources." The mineral resources of this county are extensive and permanent in their character. The placer diggings are rich and productive, and the operations in quartz are not only on the increase, but entered into with energy and confidence by those who have heretofore refused to embark in that description of mining." Quartz mills, 8-steam 4, water 4; total number of stamps, 18, with 10 sets Chile rollers. Cost of machinery, $100,000. Marble and Lime.-There is a vein of marble of considerable extent, on the Middle Branch of Feather River, the quality of which is very superior. It is of a variegated character and susceptible of the highest polish. There is an abundance of lime stone scattered throughout the county. Coal. There is an extensive vein of superior coal in Indian Valley, which is represented to be of an excellent quality and well adapted for domestic purposes. Mineral Springs.-There are numerous mineral springs throughout the county, viz: sulphur, chalybeate and soda. There are also springs on American and Indian streams, which hold the carbonate of lime in solution-crystalize very rapidly, and in the space of six months will petrify pieces of any ordinary wood; the deposition (travertin) from one cluster covers ten acres, and is probably fifty feet deep. There is a large boiling spring near the shore of Honey Lake; the water of this lake is partially impregnated with alkaline matter. Some specimens of a bright whitish oro (supposed to be cinnabar) are found eight miles east of Indian Valley, where it is said to be abundant. Bridges and Ferries.-Number of bridges, 4; ferries, 1. Turnpike Roads.-Number of roads, 2; length, 40 miles. tion, $20,000. Cost of construc Finances, July, 1858.-Floating debt, $14,000. Receipts for fiscal year, $12,000; expenditures, same period, $15,000. Assessed value of property, $1,072,928. Attorneys.-Quincy: Robert J. Barnett, Thomas Cox, P. O. Handly, Thos. E. Hayden, E. T. Hogan, Woodbury D. Sawyer. Physicians.-Elizabethtown: Lafayette Cate; Quincy: John S. Vaughn; Smith's Bar: S. P. Bolby. XXIII-SACRAMENTO CITY AND COUNTY.* COUNTY SEAT-SACRAMENTO. Sacramento County, organized 1850. Boundaries: North by Placer, east by El Dorado, south by Amador and west by Sacramento River. Topography.-"It is a demonstrated fact, that nearly all the land in Sacramento County is well adapted to agriculture-some portions to tillage and others to grazing, each being conveniently distributed throughout the county. Those portions best adapted to tillage are located in the valleys of the rivers and creeks, and are mostly claimed and occupied by settlers. The prairies and highlands are more peculiarly adapted to grazing, though some portions are successfully tilled; they afford much pasture, rendering it a favorite resort for herdsmen from other counties in feeding their stock preparatory to marketing. *City and County consolidated, May, 1858. + Ex officio Mayor and Superintendent of Water Works. |