'Give some account of the rise and progress of the naval power of the Greeks, mentioning the different states which at different periods were superior at sea. What was the mode of naval warfare in the

age of Thucydides ?

What changes took place in the Athenian government during the Peloponnesian war and immediately after it? Mention the causes and the principal actors in each.

'Mention, in chronological order, the principal events of the wars carried on by Philip of Macedon against the different Grecian states. What were the distinguishing names and officers of the Athenian Archons? The constitution and authority of the Bovλ, and the 'Exxλnoia? What changes were at different times made in the government of the Athenian republic?

What were the principal authorites in the Spartan government? and how were they balanced? How do the Grecian historians differ in their accounts of this matter?

• Enumerate the different political leaders, who in succession pos. sessed the principal influence at Athens, from Solon to Demosthenes; briefly notice some particular causes of the celebrity of each. Give also the Olympiad and the year in which each died.

'Of what nature was the government of Thebes, and what changes did it experience?

What was the condition of the Grecian states, when the Romans first carried their arms thither? Give the dates of the events which led to the final conquest of Greece.

'Enumerate the principal events which took place in Greece, between the Peloponnesian and the Phocian wars, with their dates in Olympiads, and the principal actors in each.

What are the different Greek historians from whom we derive our knowledge of Grecian Affairs, from the earliest times to the death of Alexander? What are the limits of the history of each?

'What period does the history of Herodotus embrace? What are the different wars and revolutions which it relates? Mention some of the principal digressions.

Mention the most important occurrences which distinguished the reigns of the five first Monarchs of the Persian Empire; giving the date of each.

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By what events did Cyrus become master of the empire of Asia? Give the dates of each of the Persian Monarchs bis successors; and mention the leading events which took place in Greece during the reign of each.

What were in succession the predominant Empires in Asia, from the first Assyrian Empire to that of the Parthians? Mention the events which occasioned the power to change hands; and the founder of each dynasty.

Give some account of the following places at Athens, and the origin of their names Κεραμεικός, Λυκεῖον, Ακαδημία (quote instances from Greek and Latin poets to prove that its penultima is always long,

except among the later Latin poets.) Πρυτανείον, ἡ Ποικίλη, Πνύξ, μακρὰ τείχη. Where, when, and by whom were the last built?

Give the names and order of the Attic months, and the mode of reckoning the days in a month. Explain the term in xà véα.'

2. Roman History, &c. &c.

'What were the principal successes by which the Romans became masters of Italy?

'Mention the most remarkable particulars in the life of Hannibal, with the date of each. What is the character given of him by Roman writers, and to what objections is it liable?

'Enumerate the different civil wars which took place in Italy, from Marius to Augustus; mentioning the duration of each, their objects and their leaders.

'What were the limits of the Roman Empire at the death of Augustus? What accessions did it receive under his successors ?

'Give some account of the first settlers in Italy, their names, origin, and language; and mention the original sources of the Latin language. Enumerate the principal events which took place in the Roman state from the end of the third Punic war to the death of Julius Cæsar, with their dates.

Mention the leading events of the civil convulsion between the two parties of Sylla and Marius. What appear to have been their subsequent effects on the Roman government and people?

"What were the different revolutions and convulsions in the Roman state during the period of Cicero's life? What part did Cicero take in each? and in what respects is his conduct censurable ?

What were the numbers of the following officers at different periods of the Republic:-Prætors Ediles, Tribunes, Questors? What was the mode of their election? At what age could each office be held, and what were the particular duties?

'Explain the nature of the Agrarian laws proposed at Rome. At what periods, and under whose auspices were they brought forward and what were the consequences?

What was the constitution of the Roman legion in the time of Scipio Africanus; its divisions, commanders, and numbers.'

3. Chronology:

'Of what nature are the authorities on which the common system of Grecian Chronology rests? What are the principles on which Sir Isaac Newton founded his Chronology of ancient Grecian History? Mention some instances of the different dates given to the same events, according to the two systems.

'In what epochs do they coincide?'

4. Literary History and Criticism:

At what period do the poems of Homer appear to have been col

lected in their present form? What are the few particulars known of them from ancient historians? What conclusion respecting the probable age and country of their author, may be drawn from their language, their historical allusions, and the manners and customs of their characters? Illustrate your opinion by quotations. What reason

is there for supposing that the art of writing was practised in his time?

Mention in chronological order, the ages and birth-places of the most celebrated Greek Lyric Poets. Mention the different species of verse to which they gave their names; giving an instance of each, and of its adoption by their imitator Horace.

When did prose-writing first originate among the Greeks? What historians preceded Herodotus? Mention the names and age of each and the subjects of which he treated.'

Mention in Chronological order, some of the principal Comic Poets of Athens; what appear to have been the characteristic merits of each, as far as can be judged from their remaining writings and the opinion of the ancient critics?"

'What are the particular excellences in the style of Plato, mentioned by Longinus?'

'What arguments respecting the antiquity of Homer's poems can be drawn from the versification? Have you grounds to think it probable that the Iliad and Odyssey are the productions of different persons? Are there any parts of either poem which you assign to a later age?'

State the ages and the countries in which each of the following Greek authors flourished; Hesiod, Stesichorus, Sophron, Theophrastus, Aristotle, Callimachus, Lycophron, Euclid; mentioning what remarkable incidents you recollect in the lives of each.

What parts of the writings commonly attributed to Euripides are spurious.'

5. The Drama and Dramatic Composition.

Who was the inventor of the Satyric Drama? What are the characteristics in which it differs from Tragedy and Comedy? Which of the poets particularly excelled in this species of composition? . . . What is the distinction between the three ages of Greek Come.

dy?

What political characters were introduced upon the stage by Aristophanes? What reason is there to attribute to him any share in the destruction of Socrates?

'Which was the first acted of the remaining plays of Aristophanes? Of what political party does that writer appear to have been? What great changes took place in the government of Athens during the time that he continued to write; and how were his productions affected thereby?

Translate the following passage from the Rana of Aristophanes, v. 936, and exemplify some of the faults of Eschylus and Euripides there alluded to, by instances in their remaining tragedies.

'At what festivals and in what parts of the year were the dramatic pieces represented?'

'Mention distinctly the principal rules and licenses adopted by the Tragedians in their Iambic Trochaic and Arapæstic verses. Quote instances in illustration of each.

What other kinds of metre are found in regular systems in the remaining plays? . .

'In what particulars does the versification of Homer differ from that of other heroic Poets? Mention some peculiarities of Homeric dialect and Homeric syntax. Give different instances of the Digamma. By what other poets was this consonant used?' . .

N. B. In this as well as the preceding questions support your assertions by quotations.

What are the cæsuras in the Iambic, Trochaic and Anapæstic measures of the Tragedians? What rules relating to them were constantly and what generally observed? In what metres is the ovvaría found?'

6. Rhetoric and Oratory.

Arrange in chronological order the public orations of Demosthenes; and mention the occasion on which each was delivered.

What were the several operations and measures of Philip of Macedon against the Grecian States, which called forth the orations of Demosthenes, now extant, against him or in any way relating to him? Enumerate these orations, with their respective dates and particular objects.

Who were the principal orators contemporary with Demosthenes, and what their respective characters ? '

7. Jurisprudence, &c.

• Explain and distinguish the following terms : νόμος, ψήφισμα, θέσμος κατηγορία, δίκη, γραφή, εισαγγελία, ἔνδειξις—επιψηφίζειν, ἐπιψηφίζεσθαι —θεῖναι νόμον, θέσθαι νόμον—λειτουργίαι-εἰσφοραί-τριηραρχίας-αντίδοσις ἀτελεία.

8. Philosophy.

From what sects does Plato appear to have drawn the tenets of his philosophy? Mention traces of each observable in his writings. Into what sects did his successors divide themselves; and how are they distinguished by Cicero ?'

9. Greek language and grammar.

• What relation had the Attic dialect to the Ionic? And what Ionic words are found in the Attic poets?

What Ionic and Doric forms are found in the Tragic Dialogue?

To what extent was this license carried in the Choruses? Mention some other particulars in which the language of the Tragedians differed from the ordinary language of their Athenian contemporaries.

'Mention a few of the most distinguishing features of the four principal dialects of Greece, observable in the inflexions of the nouns and verbs.

་

In what parts of Greece and its dependencies were the Æolic, Ionic, Doric and Attic dialects spoken?

Explain distinctly the usages of the indicative, subjunctive, and optative moods after ὡς, όπως, ἵνα, φρα.

'Give a short account of the Digamma, mentioning some of the words of most common occurrence to which it seems to have been affixed by Homer. By what later poets (any of whose remains are still extant) was it used? At what time did each flourish? How late can the use of this consonant be traced in any part of Greece ? 'What signification does av give to the different moods of a verb? 'Give some of the distinctions observable between the Doric language of Pindar and that of the Bucolic poets.

'Give some instances of the peculiar signification of middle verbs. How far can the middle be deemed a distinct voice from the passive? Explain the error of Grammarians which led them to assign a second future to the active and middle voices.

Translate the following passage into Greek and place the accents on the words: Thus we find, &c.'

10. Latin Language.

Trace the origin of the Latin language from the Æolic or oldest dialect of the Greek; and show the resemblance which exists in particular classes of words in the two languages, giving examples of each. 'Give instances of the changes made by Horace in each of the Lyric metres which he borrowed from the Greeks.

Who are the Greek poets, besides Homer, from whom Virgil has borrowed? Quote instances of his evident imitations of each.'

Such is the discipline, such are the tasks required of the students at this celebrated English university! In the performance of which, too, they are allowed only pen, ink, and paper, and the limited period of two or three hours or more, according to the length and difficulty of the task.' At the period when we were at our own Cambridge, (we do not pretend to speak of its present improved state,) the very idea of performing such exercises would have petrified both student and instructer.

We might have extended these extracts from the works of Professor Monk much farther, if we had not been apprehensive of wearying the reader. Some persons may, perhaps, think that we have already gone beyond what was necessary. But in a question