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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
The Peninsula between the North Sea and the Baltic. Its Phy-
sical Importance. Its social and historical Interest. Juti,
Angli, Frisi. The Three Tribes still unamalgamated with each
other. The German People never amalgamated, or nationalised.
Causes of this Want of Nationality. No Want of each other
felt. No Products of Exchange between different Districts of
Germany. No common Language between the Upper and
Lower Classes. Platt-Deutsch. Cultivated German. Altona
to Kiel. Appearance of the Country. Decay of Vegetative
Power not accounted for. Kiel. My Notes - Page 1
-
CHAP. II.
Kiel the Tekelia of Ptolemy-its Fiord- Importance as a Naval
Station to obtain it the secret Object of the Political In-
trigues of Prussia. Policy of Russia opposed to a new Naval
Power in the Baltic. Tea Gardens. Sunday Theatre.
"Schleswick Holstein" Soldiers. Leichtsinniges Volk. Dif-
ferent Tendency of Education in England and in Germany.
Kiel Fifty Years ago. Improvement. The Unemployables.
Over-Education. Compulsory Education. Free Trade in Edu-
cation
22
CHAP. III.
Condition of the Agricultural Class in Holstein. Employment for
Labourers. Dairy Husbandry-Division of the Land. Small
Proprietors Farm Servants. Protection of the Cottar Class.
Government allied with the People since the Revolution in
Denmark of 1660. Civil Liberty greater under the Autocratic
Rule of Denmark than under the Constitutional Government of
Belgium or France. Food and Wages of the Working Man
his Lodging-Way of working-harrowing Land. Large
Dairy Farms-Verpachters-Scotch Dairy Cattle. English
Breed of Horses. General Well-Being of the Agricultural
Classes before the late Insurrection - Page 41
CHAP. IV.
Ca Causes of the Insurrection in Holstein. Excess of an idle, over-
educated Class expectant on Functions. Influence of the Uni-
versity of Kiel. Its direct Interest in the Annexation of Sles-
wick to Holstein. Treachery of the Augustenburg Family-
their direct Interest in the Annexation. History of the In-
trigues of the Duke of Augustenburg. Disappointed Hopes of
Succession to the Danish Crown-to the Swedish Crown. The
Duke a Newspaper Writer. Proposal to bribe "The Times" to
write in his Favour. Liedertaffeln. Confidence of the Danish
Government in the Duke's Brother, the Prince of Augustenburg
Noer. He seduces the Troops by a forged Newspaper. Seizes
the Fortress of Rendsburg. The Duchy of Sleswick was
guaranteed to the Crown of Denmark by a Treaty signed by
England and France on the 16th of April, 1727. Why Eng-
land allowed the Invasion of Sleswick. German Influence in
the British Cabinet
59
CHAP. V.
Literary Men not the most capable of conducting State Affairs.
The Literary Power in the Nineteenth Century the Counterpart
of the Ecclesiastical Power in the Middle Ages. Rules by the
same Agency, viz., The Education of the People. Its first
Debut, the German Movement of 1848, not promising. Its
demoralising System of spreading deliberate Falsehoods through
the Press to excite the People. Instances from Professor
Venedey's "Schleswig-Holstein" of this Abuse of the Press.
False Ambition of the Literary Power, in the Frankfort Parlia-
ment. Its Consequences now. Demoralisation of the Public
Mind by the false Theories and Statements of the Literary
Power. General Willisen. False Imputations. Pseudo-Pa-
triots. Professor Arndt, Father of the Movement, not a German.
Inconsistencies in the Grundrechte. Profesor Dahlmann. Low
moral Standard of the Literary Power-Deception
- 80
CHAP. VI.
Duchy of Sleswick. Appearance of the Country.
Similarity to
England. Probable State of the Anglo-Saxons. Remains of
their social State preserved here. The Peasantry. The
Nobles. Decay of Aristocracy, Large Dairy Farms. No
Thrashing Mills-no Turnip Crops. The Class of Verpachters,
Management of their Farms. Feeding their Dairy Stock.
Rents. Size of Farms. Rotation of Crops. Complicated
Business of the Verpachters. Manufacturers rather than
Farmers. Hollanders or Cow-hirers. Tethering of Cows re-
vived. The Lodging of the People. No ancient Mansions.
Large Farm Offices. Houses of the Verpachters-of the Pea-
sant Proprietors of the Labourers- the Villagers - Page 119
CHAP. VII.
Ekernfiorde-Town. Landed Property. The Probstei. Gavel-
kind. Large Farms. Additional Information. Measure of Land.
Rent. Rent of Stock included in the Land Rent. Semi-Feudal
State. Struggle to return to the Old System. The German
and Danish Party. The Dairy Husbandry. The Nobles. The
Peasant Proprietors. Tendency among the Peasant Proprietors
to augment, not diminish or divide, their Land. Causes phy-
sical and moral preventing Division and Sub-Division. Dif-
ference between the Celtic and Gallic Race moral as well as
physical. Angeln. Character of Peasant Proprietors. Poor-
House there. Ditmarsh. Eyderstedt. Peasant Proprietors
their social State. The River Eyder. The Sorge. The Treene.
The Land gained by Embankments inhabited by small Republics
of Peasant Proprietors their Privileges respected by the
Danish Government. This Country more extensive formerly.
Great Inundation and Loss of Life in 1634. Ekernfiorde. The
Formation of its Fiord. Capture of the Gefion Frigate. Few
Traces of the Devastation of War to be seen. The Object of
this unprincipled War may be attained from the supine State of
the British Cabinet. America the proper Ally and Protector
of Constitutional Government and the weaker Powers in
Europe - - 138
CHAP. VIII.
Parochial Schoolmasters-in Denmark-in Scotland. Superior
Education. Normal Schools. National Education—in Denmark
-in Germany. Parochial School System faulty. Freedom of
Education. Freedom of the Press. Free Trade in all Things
true Social Policy. Functionarism in Denmark. Sanitary
Regulations. False Principle of Boards of Health. Returns of
Mortality in London deceptive. Increase of unnecessary Func-
tionaries. Duchy of Sleswick under Martial Law. Character
of the Danish Soldiery of their Under-Officers-of the
Danish Officers. Opinions on the Needle Musket, or Miné
Rifle, for actual Service. Volunteer Artillery · Page 170
CHAP. IX.
National Character and Individual Character. Individuality of
Character the Result of a higher Social State than Nationality
of Character. Class Character in the Dramatic Literature of
France and Germany-in modern Painting. Structure of
Society on the Continent adverse to Individuality of Character.
Flekkaby-Proportion of the Population of Sleswick who speak
German. Exaggeration of the German Press on this Subject.
The Country described. Huttenberge. Gross Wittinsee.
Bistensee. Boulder-Stones. Granite not Gneiss. Where they
came from? How they came ? Difficulties in the Theory of
Transportation by Glaciers
203
CHAP. X.
Sleswick-an ancient Place of Trade. Considerable Trade with
England in Canute the Great's time. Articles of Commerce in
those Times between the South and North of Europe. The
Cathedral. The Altar Screen of carved Oak. The Dannewerk.
The Schloss Gottorp. Sites of ancient Towns and Houses.
Decay of Sleswick. The Difference of the two Sides of the
Peninsula. Fiords on the Baltic Side only. Have been Lakes
originally. Fish of the Baltic. Breeding of Carp in Holstein
to a late Period. Cheap Living. Overlooked by our English
Emigrants in Search of a cheap Country. Disappointment of
such Emigrants. Observations on their Influence abroad on the
Continental People. Their large Expenditure abroad.
little Interest the English People have in their Treatment by
Austria • Page 220
CHAP. XI.
The Battle of Idstedt the most important in this Age. The
Defeat of the Attempt of the Literary or University Power to
become in the Nineteenth Century what the Church of Rome
had been in the Middle Ages, the Ruling Power in Society
through the Education of the People. German and Danish
Writers on the Causes of the Loss of the Battle. Want of
Officers in the German Army. Corrupt Administration in pro-
moting inexperienced Prussian Officers only. Want of an
Intelligible Cause to fight for. The Field of Battle. Position
of the "Schleswig-Holstein" Army. Different Prospects of the
two Generals Willisen and Krogh. The former backed by a
Population of forty Millions, the latter with every eighth Man
of the Danish Population of a Million and a Half already under
Arms. March and Manoeuvres of the Danish Army. Turns
the Left of General Willisen's Position. Attacks the Centre
and carries the Batteries with a Bayonet Charge. Total Con-
fusion and Rout of the "Schleswig-Holstein" Army. Charac-
teristic Contrast between the German and Danish Bulletins.
This Battle the most scientific as well as the hardest fought of
this Age. Recommended to the study of our Military Schools
and Officers upon the Field itself
240
CHAP. XII.
Consternation of the Newspapers. The Stadtholders of "Schles-
wig-Holstein" and the Agitators. The German People would
not move. No Volunteers. Conscription and a Bounty of ten
Dollars. The Attack on Frederickstadt. The Defence. Colonel
Helgesen the Otter-Hunter Commandant. Unwarrantable
Slaughter of the Inhabitans by Von Gageren, the Ex-president
of the Frankfort Parliament. Defeat of the "Schleswig-
Holstein" Army at Frederickstadt. Its Dissolution. Mild
Conduct of the Danish Government towards the Insurgents.