specific instruction to route the shipments over its rails, is not objectionable.

A railway company and a telegraph company may exchange service with respect to strictly company matters on the basis of their agreement.

When the consignment is to, or in care of the carrier itself for the purpose of being forwarded by that carrier from the point of reecipt at the regular rate over its own line and connections according to the routing instructions, and when no lawful through rate is defeated, and no discrimination or other violation of the act results, conference rules 98 and 337 do not apply. In no case may the same person act as the agent for the carrier and the shipper.

When the definite address of a consignee is noted upon the bill of lading, it is the duty of the initial and of each succeeding carrier to transmit that address to connections participating in the movement, and the duty of the delivering carrier to send notice of arrival to that address. The carrier at fault in this respect will be held liable for demurrage or storage accruing as the result of the failure of the notice to reach the consignee.

Milling-in-Transit Privileges.

In re investigation into the substitution of tonnage at transit points. Opinion by Commissioner McChord:

The commission has power to regulate all transit privileges. In 18 I. C. C., 280, the commission made a number of findings in regard to transit privileges, but since that time varying constructions have been placed upon those findings, with the result that shippers in districts where the spirit of the law is followed are discriminated against in favor of the shippers in the districts where only the letter of the law is obeyed. To eliminate this discrimination, the commission made a thorough investigation of the conditions under which transit privileges are operative throughout the country. This investigation revealed gross violations of the law in certain sections of the country. The commission decided that the only way to minimize these violations at transit points was to adopt a code of unambiguous rules and to provide for proper policing. The duty of properly and effectively policing the transit privileges falls primarily upon the carrier. The commission suggests that policing can be most effectively accomplished by means of inspection bureaus, which would be agents of the carriers in the discharge of a duty imposed on them by law. The commission arrived at the following conclusions in regard to rules for extending transit privileges: At the time of each shipment, certificates shall be furnished, by those shipping out of a transit house, as to whether or not the commodity is entitled to a transit privilege, and also whether the commodity has or has not previously been accorded a transit privilege; and if any commodity entitled to a transit privilege has been mixed with the contents of a transit house. Such certificates shall be furnished as to each shipment from the

transit house.

A daily report shall be issued from the transit house to the carrier or policing agent of the carrier, which shall show at the close of business each day the classification of the receipts and shipments of the total movement into and out of the transit house. If any of the commodity contained therein is to be accorded the right of transit, this report shall show all tonnage handled through the transit house as follows: All grain and grain products handled; point of origin of the grain and destination of the product, and whether received or forwarded by rail, boat, wagon or otherwise, which record must clearly show in pounds separately: Grain received by rail; grain received by boat; grain received by wagon; grain transferred from elevator to mill; grain products forwarded by rail, local or nontransit; grain products disposed of locally, by rail or wagon; grain products forwarded by rail, transit; grain products forwarded by boat, transit; grain products transferred, and total tonnage

on hand.

There shall be recorded with the policing agent within a reasonable time after the shipment has been received at the transit point all paid expense bills.

The surplus billing, that is to say, all billing which does not represent grain actually on hand, shall be canceled absolutely at the close of each business day.

Transit privileges shall be extended only where the billing on the inbound movement shall show sufficient detail as to the character of the commodity; that is to say, billing should state

whether the commodity is white corn, yellow corn, mixed corn, etc. Where the billing does not show this information it must be accompanied by a certificate from some proper authority as to the specific nature of the inbound commodity prior to the time when it may be forwarded on the transit privilege.

No transit privilege shall be accorded except where the outbound billing shall show full reference to the inbound billing. Transit privileges upon grain and grain products shall be extended for a period not exceeding one year from the date of the expense bills, and at the expiration of this period all transit privileges shall absolutely cease, and full local rates, commodity or class, shall be assessed for any movement of the commodity whatsoever, both for the movement into and out of the transit point.

In extending a transit privilege upon the products of wheat a daily deduction shall be made of 1 per cent. of the weight of the wheat inbound, when the wheat has been manufactured at the transit point. In extending a transit privilege on malt there shall be a daily deduction from the inbound weight of the barley of 16 per cent.; on corn that has been dried at the transit point, a daily deduction from the weight of the corn of 10 per cent.; on corn which has been shelled at the transit point, a daily deduction of 20 per cent.; on the products of corn milled at the transit point, a daily deduction of 1 per cent. from the weight of the corn; on grains that have been cleaned and clipped at the transit point, a daily deduction of 13 per cent.; the actual loss to be balanced and deducted at intervals not less than four times a year.

In according a transit privilege on the products of grain milled in transit, including mixed feed, a policing authority shall be required to daily balance the outbound movement of the products against the inbound movement of the grain upon the basis of the well-known average ratios of the products to the particular grain, the actual divisions to be balanced at intervals not less than four times a year.

The same general principles as to the balancing of the material or grain account against the products moving from the transit point shall supply to mixed feeds. (24 I. C. C., 304.)

STATE COMMISSIONS.

The Texas railway commission has announced that a public hearing will be held on August 13 to consider the proposed adoption of certain regulations in connection with express shipments within the state, including the rates for refrigerating shipments of fruit and vegetables.

The New York State Public Service Commission has ordered the New York Telephone Company to discontinue the use of the word "telegram" as a call word for Western Union (or any other) telegraph offices. The company is directed to establish rules under which a person wishing to telephone a telegram to a Western Union office may say "Western Union," and one desiring to send to a Postal telegraph office may say "Postal." Since the telephone company acquired control of the Western Union telegraph lines, the word "telegram" has been prescribed as a call to be used by telephone subscribers, the telephone operator being depended upon to select the proper telegraph office. The rule thus favoring the Western Union is declared to be an unjust discrimination against the Postal Company.

COURT NEWS,

In the Federal Court at Grand Rapids, Mich., July 9, fines aggregating $14,000 were imposed on the Grand Rapids & Indiana for payment of illegal rebates.

The Northern Pacific has filed in the Superior Court of Pierce county, Wash., a petition asking a review of the recent order of the public service commission reducing distributive class rates. The petition does not, however, ask for an injunction restraining the enforcement of the order and the rates were made effective July 8.

Judge Trieber of the United States District Court at St. Louis on July 8 held that the Supreme Court decision in the case against the Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis does not abolish the bridge arbitrary, as contended by the government, but recognizes it and refers it to the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission. The question of entering a final decree in the case was before the court.

Railway Officers.

ELECTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS.

Executive, Financial and Legal Officers.

L. C. Gilman, assistant to the president of the Great Northern, has had his office removed from St. Paul, Minn., to Seattle, Wash.

Charles F. Groves, car accountant of the Central of Georgia, has been elected secretary, succeeding John Bell, resigned to engage in other business.

B. L. Abney, division counsel of the Southern Railway, with office at Columbia, S. C., has been appointed counsel for South Carolina, with office at Columbia.

S. T. Bledsoe, of the legal firm of Cottingham & Bledsoe, Oklahoma City, Okla., has been appointed general attorney for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, with office at Oklahoma City.

J. G. Drew, general auditor of the Missouri Pacific-Iron Mountain system, has been elected vice-president in charge of accounting. J. G. Livengood, auditor of disbursements, succeeds Mr. Drew.

W. T. Rowen has been appointed auditor of freight accounts of the Southern Pacific, with headquarters at San Francisco, Cal., succeeding T. O. Edwards, resigned to go to another

company.

G. H. Miller, acting auditor of the White Pass & Yukon Route at Vancouver, B. C., has been appointed general auditor, with office at Vancouver, and the office of acting auditor has been abolished.

W. P. Clough, a director and a member of the executive committee of the Northern Pacific, has been elected vice-president, succeeding J. N. Hill, resigned. Mr. Hill's resignation is said to be due to ill health.

James G. Wilson, assistant general attorney of the Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company, with office at Portland, Ore., has been appointed assistant interstate commerce attorney of the Harriman Lines, with office at Chicago, succeeding H. A. Scandrett, promoted.

Theodore H. Burgess, whose appointment as assistant commerce counsel of the Erie Railroad, with office at 30 Church street, New York, has been announced in these columns, was born in Auburn, N. Y., September 20, 1882. He graduated from the Auburn high school in 1899, and from Hamilton College in 1903, and from the Albany law school in 1906.

He

began railway work in February, 1908. Previous to this he had been admitted to the New York bar in the fall of the year he left law school, and had worked with three different firms in New York. His work on the Erie had been more or less devoted to I. C. C. cases, and since 1910 he has been engaged exclusively in commission work.

William McKinley Duncan, whose appointment as receiver of the Wheeling & Lake Erie, with office at Cleveland, Ohio, has been announced in these columns, was born May 19, 1873, at Pittsburgh, Pa. He was educated at the Rayen school, Youngstown, Ohio, and at Cornell University, was admitted to the bar in 1894 and was attorney for the Cleveland, Akron & Canton from 1894 to 1897. From 1897 to 1905 he was with the Wheeling & Lake Erie in the law department and with the receiver, and from 1905 to 1908 he was general attorney of the Wabash Pittsburgh Terminal, the West Side Belt and the Wheeling & Lake Erie. A receiver was appointed for the Wheeling & Lake Erie in June, 1908, when Mr. Duncan was made general attorney for the receiver, which office he held until June 20, 1912, the date of his appointment as receiver.

Charles Shirley Goldsborough, who, as previously announced, has been appointed assistant to the president of the Erie, was born in Talbot county, Md. He was educated in the public schools at Baltimore and went to Baltimore City College until he was 15. He began railway work with the Erie in November, 1889, as clerk in the office of the general roadmaster. Two years later he was made chief clerk to the general superintend

ent, and was later promoted to superintendent of the Rochester division, becoming later superintendent of the Allegheny di-, vision, then superintendent of the New York, Susquehanna & Western and the Wilkesbarre & Eastern. In 1903 he was given charge of President Underwood's office, and was also made president of the Bath & Hammondsport from October 10, 1903, to October 14, 1905. In 1912 he was made assistant to the president.

Henry Edward Farrell, whose election as vice-president in charge of freight traffic of the St. Louis Southwestern, with office at St. Louis, Mo., was announced in the Railway Age Ga

zette of April 26, was born October 11, 1864, at Detroit, Mich., and received a public school education. He began railway work in 1877 with the Michigan Central at Detroit, Mich.. as a messenger, and previous to October 1, 1885, he was with the Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee and the Great Western of Canada, both now parts of the Grand Trunk System, with the Chicago & North Western and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, in various capacities in local freight office work. He went with the Missouri Pacific in October, 1885, as cotton rate clerk in the office of the traffic manager, at Galveston, Tex.; was subsequently chief rate clerk in the general freight office of the Houston & Texas Central, and in August, 1888, he went with the St. Louis, Arkansas & Texas, now the St. Louis Southwestern, where he was consecutively commercial agent at Waco, Tex., chief clerk in the traffic department and assistant general freight agent. He was made general freight agent of the St. Louis Southwestern of Texas in September, 1898, and in March, 1901, was made freight traffic manager of the system. In May, 1901, he was elected also second vice-president of the St. Louis Southwestern of Texas, and since April 22, 1912, he has been vicepresident in charge of traffic of the St. Louis Southwestern.

H. E. Farrell.

Thomas Oliver Edwards, who has been appointed auditor of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas, with office at St. Louis, Mo., as has been announced in these columns, was born June 30, 1864,

in Texas, where he received a common school education. He began railway work in 1880 in the roadway department of the Houston & Texas Central, and from August, 1881, to February, 1886, he was with a number of different roads as telegraph operator and station agent. From February 1, 1886, Mr. Edwards was consecutively, for over ten years, clerk in the office of the auditor of the Texas & Pacific at Dallas, Tex.; for about two years auditor for the receiver of the Waco & Northwestern at Waco, Tex.; for four months chief clerk to the auditor of the St. Louis Southwestern of Texas at Tyler, Tex.; for seven months traveling auditor of the Texas & Pacific, and for four years chief

T. O. Edwards.

clerk to the auditor of the Fort Worth & Denver City at Fort Worth, Tex. For six months, from July 1, 1903, he was clerk in the office of the comptroller of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific at Chicago, and on January 1, 1904, was appointed auditer of Morgan's Louisiana & Texas Railroad & Steamship Company and the Louisiana Western Railroad, comprising the lines of the Southern Pacific in Louisiana. On November 1, 1911, he was appointed auditor of freight accounts of the Southern Pacific at San Francisco, Cal., which office he resigned on June 30, to become auditor of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas.

Operating Officers.

A. N. Williams has been appointed superintendent of the Missouri, Kansas & Texas of Texas, with office at Trinity, Tex., succeeding W. P. Danforth, promoted.

J. H. Reich has been appointed car accountant of the St. Louis, Brownsville & Mexico and the Beaumont, Sour Lake & Western, with office at Houston, Tex.

George Hannauer, general superintendent of the Indiana Harbor Belt at Gibson, Ind., has been appointed general manager, with office at Gibson, and his former title has been abolished.

H. Wheeler, superintendent of the stage lines of the White Pass & Yukon Route at White Horse, Yukon Territory, has been appointed superintendent of the River division and the mail service department, with office at White Horse, succeeding William Taylor, resigned, as superintendent of the River division.

G. W. Heggenberger, trainmaster of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific at Council Bluffs, Iowa, has been appointed trainmaster, with office at Rock Island, Ill., succeeding F. W. Rosser, promoted; and W. E. Warren has been appointed trainmaster, with office at Rock Island, succeeding W. A. Sheahan, resigned. C. W. Lafler, chief despatcher on the Illinois division, has been appointed trainmaster, with office at Des Moines, Iowa, and L. F. Creagan succeeds Mr. Lafler.

J. E. Taussig, superintendent of terminals of the Galveston, Harrisburg & San Antonio at Houston, Tex., has been appointed superintendent of the Houston division, with office at San Antonio, Tex., succeeding H. F. Anderson, and H. J. Micksch, assistant superintendent at Houston, succeeds Mr. Taussig. R. M. Hoover, assistant superintendent of the G. H. & S. A. at El Paso, Tex., has been appointed superintendent of the Houston & Texas Central, with office at Ennis, Tex., succeeding W. T. Hall, assigned to other duties. W. H. Connolly succeeds Mr. Hoover.

Traffic Officers.

C. L. Montgomery has been appointed traveling freight agent of the Wabash, with office at Memphis, Tenn., succeeding Paul J. Fischer, promoted.

H. T. Chism has been appointed freight soliciting agent of the Southern Railway, with headquarters in Baltimore, succeeding R. C. Hicks, resigned.

George Hadden has been appointed traffic manager of the Idaho Northern, with office at Nampa, Idaho, succeeding E. P. Shaw, assigned to other duties.

W. G. Chamberlain has been appointed soliciting agent of the Louisville & Nashville, with headquarters at Atlanta, Ga., succeeding A. L. Burnet, promoted.

J. W. Melone has been appointed commercial freight agent of the Baltimore & Ohio, with office at Putnam building, Davenport, Iowa, succeeding N. D. Harding, resigned.

WH. Maas has been appointed contracting freight agent of the Missouri Pacific-Iron Mountain System, with office at St. Louis, Mo., succeeding C. K. Anderson, resigned to accept service

with another company.

E. J. Bryant, traveling passenger agent of the New York Central Lines, at Salt Lake City, Utah, has been appointed traveling passenger agent of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul, with office at Cleveland, Ohio.

Albert Daniels, soliciting freight agent of the Central of Georgia at Cincinnati, Ohio, has been appointed traveling freight agent with office at Cincinnati, succeeding C. R. Dassell, resigned to accept service with another company.

agent of the

Paul P. Hastings, general freight and passenger a Santa Fe, Prescott & Phoenix at Prescott, Ariz., has been appointed assistant general freight agent of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Coast Lines, with office at San Francisco, Cal.

C. A. Gormaly, commercial agent of the Grand Trunk at St. Louis, Mo., has been appointed commercial agent, with office at Chicago, succeeding H. E. Graves, retired on a pension. W. H. Burke, traveling freight agent at Chicago, succeeds Mr. Gormaly. C. B. Woodul, who was recently appointed assistant general freight and passenger agent of the Muscatine North & South, has been appointed general freight and passenger agent, with headquarters at Muscatine, Iowa, succeeding G. B. Birch, resigned.

G. C. White, industrial agent of the Sonora Railway and the Southern Pacific of Mexico, has been appointed assistant general freight and passenger agent, with office at Guaymas, Sonora, Mex., succeeding E. E. Partridge, resigned to engage in other business.

Stephen Lounsberry, city passenger agent of the Great Northern at New York City, has been appointed general eastern passenger agent of that road and general passenger of the Northern Steamship Company, with office in New York City, succeeding Wesley M. Lowrie, resigned.

W. R. Beattie has been appointed agricultural commissioner of the St. Louis Southwestern and the St. Louis Southwestern of Texas; and W. J. Doyle, assistant agricultural and industrial agent at St. Louis, Mo., has been appointed industrial and immigration commissioner, with office at St. Louis.

T. E. King has been appointed traveling freight agent of the Macon, Dublin & Savannah, with office at Atlantic National Bank building, Jacksonville, Fla. He succeeds to the duties of J. D. Bowden, commercial agent, with office at Tampa, Fla., resigned to go to another company. The office of commercial agent at Tampa has been abolished.

C. A. Matthews, general agent in the passenger department of the Northern Pacific at Chicago, has been appointed assistant general passenger agent, with office at St. Paul, Minn.; and E. E. Nelson, chief clerk in the passenger department at St. Paul. has also been appointed assistant general passenger agent, with office at St. Paul. A. C. Odenbaugh, city passenger agent at Chicago, succeeds Mr. Matthews.

The position of general eastern passenger agent of the Great Northern has been abolished, and Stephen Lounsberry has been appointed general agent, passenger department, with office at New York. The agencies at Philadelphia, Buffalo and Pittsburgh will hereafter report directly to the general passenger agent at St. Paul. Mr. Lounsberry has also been appointed general passenger agent of the Northern Steamship Company, succeeding W. M. Lowrie.

Engineering and Rolling Stock Officers.

Grant Gordon has been appointed passenger yardmaster of the Grand Trunk at Toronto Union Station.

W. D. Johnston, division master mechanic of the International & Great Northern, with office at Palestine, Tex., has resigned.

Carl Gray, Jr., has been appointed assistant engineer of the Oregon Electric Railway and the United Railways Company, with headquarters at Portland, Ore.

J. R. Decker, assistant signal engineer of the Michigan Central at Detroit, Mich., has been appointed division engineer, with office at Bay City, Mich., succeeding E. R. Lewis, resigned to accept service with another company.

W. L. Rohbock, assistant to the chief engineer of the Wheeling & Lake Erie at Cleveland, Ohio, has been appointed acting chief engineer, with office at Cleveland, succeeding H. T. Douglas, Jr., chief engineer, resigned to go with the Chicago & Alton.

L. R. Johnson, assistant superintendent of motive power, eastern lines, of the Canadian Pacific at Montreal, Que., has been appointed general superintendent of the Angus shops dis

trict, and H. Osborne has been appointed assistant superintendent of motive power, succeeding Mr. Johnson.

J. R. Sexton, master mechanic of the Missouri division and the Shopton shops of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe at Shopton, Iowa, has been appointed mechanical superintendent of the Western lines, Northern district, with office at La Junta, Colo., succeeding M. J. Drury, promoted. J. P. McMurray has been appointed master mechanic of the Rio Grande division, with office at Albuquerque, N. Mex., succeeding L. A. Mattimore.

R. J. Turnbull, acting superintendent of machinery of the eastern district of the Missouri Pacific-St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern, with office at St. Louis, has been appointed mechanical superintendent of the entire Missouri Pacific-St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern, with office at St. Louis. W. L. Tracy, assistant superintendent of machinery of the western district, with office at Kansas City, has been appointed general master mechanic of the eastern district, with office at St. Louis. W. C. Smith, master mechanic, with office at Kansas City, has been appointed general master mechanic of the western district, with office at Kansas City. D. W. Cunningham, assistant superintendent of machinery of the southern district, with office at Little Rock, has been appointed general master mechanic of the southern district, with office at Little Rock, The office of superintendent of machinery has been abolished and the duties heretofore performed by that officer have been assumed by the mechanical superintendent. The office of assistant superintendent of machinery of each district has been abolished and the duties of these officers have been assumed by the general master mechanics of these districts.

Purchasing Officers.

C. J. Rogers, acting purchasing agent of the White Pass & Yukon Route at Vancouver, B. C., has been appointed purchasing agent, with office at Vancouver.

B. F. Aikens has been appointed purchasing agent of the Michigan Central, with office at Detroit, Mich., succeeding J. F. Farrell, resigned to go to another company.

OBITUARY.

E. Luckett, superintendent of the Tallulah Falls Railway, died on July 4 after some weeks' illness.

H. P. Dwight, president of the Great Northwestern Telegraph Company, died at his home in Toronto, Ontario, July 4, at the age of 84.

D. D. Colvin, engineer of maintenance of way of the National Railways of Mexico, with office at Mexico City, Mex., was drowned in a washout on the Guadalajara branch of the road on July 2.

Hugh J. Chisholm, president of the Portland & Rumford Falls and of the Rumford Falls & Rangeley Lakes, and president of the Oxford Paper Company, died at his home in New York on July 8.

Cecil B. Smith, a prominent Canadian civil engineer and former chairman of the Temiskaming & Northern Ontario Railway Commission, died at Toronto, June 29, at the age of 47. Mr. Smith was resident engineer in the construction of the Northern Pacific Junction, now a part of the Canadian Pacific, and also was engaged in the location of the Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo. This was in 1889; and for the next three years he was engaged in railway work in the United States.

Edwin Borden, general superintendent of transportation of the Atlantic Coast Line, died at Clifton Springs, N. Y., on June 30. Mr. Borden was born April 16, 1853, at Palestine, Tex. He began railway work in 1872 as operator and despatcher on the Wilmington & Weldon and the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta. In February, 1885, he became chief operator and despatcher on the Wilmington division of the Atlantic Coast Line, with which the W. & W. and the W. C. & A. became consolidated. In 1889 he was chief operator and train despatcher, and in August, 1889, became assistant superintendent of transportation. Two years later he was appointed superintendent of transportation, and on November 1, 1902, was made general superintendent of transportation, which position he held at the time of his death.

Equipment and Supplies.

LOCOMOTIVE BUILDING.

THE CANADIAN PACIFIC has ordered twenty-five locomotives from the American Locomotive Company.

THE VIRGINIAN is said to be in the market for 15 locomotives. This item has not been confirmed.

THE CHICAGO, MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL has ordered 10 Mallet locomotives from the American Locomotive Company.

THE WARREN, JOHNSVILLE & SALINE RIVER has ordered 1 consolidation locomotive from the Baldwin Locomotive Works.

THE DENVER & RIO GRANDE has ordered 16 Mallet locomotives from the American Locomotive Company, and 14 mikado locomotives from the Baldwin Locomotive Works. The Mallet locomotives will have 26 in. and 40 in. x 32 in. cylinders, 57 in. driving wheels, and in working order will weigh 465,000 lbs.

CAR BUILDING.

THE LITCHFIELD & MADISON has ordered 100 gondola cars from the American Car & Foundry Company.

THE CENTRAL NEW ENGLAND is in the market for 900 box cars and 100 end-door box cars and 50 flat cars.

THE PENNSYLVANIA EQUIPMENT COMPANY, Philadelphia, Pa., is in the market for two second-hand, 50-ton, steel underframe, wooden drop-bottom coal cars, and for some 40 ft. flat cars of 80,000 lbs. capacity.

THE SEABOARD AIR LINE has ordered 10 coaches, 7 combination passenger and baggage cars and 7 combination baggage and mail cars from the Pressed Steel Car Company, and 6 dining cars from the Pullman Company.

IRON AND STEEL.

THE SOUTHERN RAILWAY has ordered 17,700 tons of rails from the Tennesese Coal, Iron & Railroad Company.

THE WESTERN MARYLAND has ordered 2,100 tons of openhearth rails from the Carnegie Steel Company, and 2,700 tons of rails from the Bethlehem Steel Company.

GENERAL CONDITIONS IN STEEL.-Steel manufacturers say that the industry is now in a stronger position than it has been at any time since the first of the year. Prices are satisfactory and firm, and the volume of orders is large, particularly on the part of the railways. The rail orders on the books of the various companies are larger than they have been for five years. One company was even forced to refuse a 6,000 ton rail order on account of the congested condition at its mills. The rail mills of the Steel Corporation are operating at full capacity, and the orders on hand are sufficient to keep them running at the same pace for the balance of the year.

The Anglo-Chilean Nitrate & Railway Company, Chile, has been authorized to construct a railway between Santa Ana and Coya, a distance of 19 miles.

The construction of the railway between San Felipe, Guatemala, and Quezaltenango, which is 7,800 ft. above the sea level, is progressing rapidly. An 8-mile section of the roadbed has already been graded and is now ready for rail laying. The railway is being built under the direct supervision of the government of Guatemala.

The Chilean government is considering proposals made by financiers and promoters of various nationalities to lease the state railways. Hitherto the operation of the state railways has resulted in enormous deficits and these deficits are largely responsible for the weak financial condition of the country. It is expected that the traffic on the Chilean railways will show enormous increases after the Panama Canal has been opened because the traffic from Argentina to the Pacific coast will have to pass through Chile as the passage through the Straits of Magellan will probably become obsolete after that time.