dealing with various industrial and social questions, such as housing, education in its relation to business, day-work as compared with piece-work, industrial administration, and the "mirage" of socialism. Not only has Lord Leverhulme stated clearly in his speeches his ideas regarding present-day industrial reform, but he has also described his application of these conclusions to his own large works. Democracy: Discipline: Peace. WILLIAM ROSCOE THAYER. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York. 1919. 124 pp. An American Labor Policy. JULIUS HENRY COHEN. The Macmillan Company, New York. 1919. 110 pp. Municipal Reform in Philadelphia. An analysis and commendation of Philadelphia's new charter and reform laws, "characterized by experts in municipal legislation as the most advanced step that has yet been taken affecting the government and administra tive efficiency of cities of large size in the United States.' An introductory summary by Senator Boies Penrose and a review of the benefits of the new charter by Clinton 1919. 59 pp. (This Rogers Woodruff are included. pamphlet and a copy of the charter can be secured from Bureau the Research of of Municipal Frederick P. Gruenberg, Director.) Philadelphia, Suggested Minimum Standards for Welfare. divided 1919, into Child The Washington Child Welfare Conference held May 5-8. to consider: three sections (1) Child Labor and Education: (2) Public Protection of the Health of Mothers and Children; and (3) Children in Need of Special Care. The minimum standards formu. lated and recommended by the three sections have been printed in a pamphlet which is now being issued by the Children's Bureau, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington, D. C. 16 pp. A City Plan and How to Get It. A paper delivered before the Wisconsin Association of Conimercial Secretaries on June 10, 1919, by James R. Kinsloe, Secretary, Chamber of Commerce, La Crosse, Wis., on "The Secretary's Part in Educating His Community to City Planning," first emphasizes the secretary's need of a thoro understanding of the subject before he attempts to educate the community, and then briefly out lines a program for him to follow in his educational campaign. Municipal Reports 360 pp. Boston's Municipal Register for 1918. Containing a register of the city government, rules of the City Council, amended city charter of 1909, a survey of the city departments with lists of officials, also various statistics relating to the city. (Apply to James Donovan, City Clerk.) Engineering Department, Port Arthur, Texas. Clarence E. Ridley, City Engineer of Port Arthur, Texas, has completed the preparation of the first annual report of the Engineering Department for the year ending March 31, 1919, and will be pleased to exchange for similar reports from other cities or to send copies upon request. 73 pp., illustrated by maps and photographs. Board of Park Commissioners, Minneapolis, Minn. 1918. 98 pp., including 28 full-page photographs and 2 sketches of plans. Large city map in attached envelope. (Apply for copies to J. A. Ridgway, Secretary.) Report of the Director of Education, Manila, Philippine Islands. An interesting report of school activities in Manila during the year 1918, illustrated by numerous photographs. 195 pp. Apply to W. W. Marquardt, Director of Education, Manila, P. I.) Bureau of Water, Buffalo, N. Y. For year ending June 30, 1918. 86 pp. (Apply to Harry 0. Wait. Secretary, Bureau of Water, Department of Public Works, Buffalo, N. Y.) Board of Public Utilities, Los Angeles, Cal. Quadrennial Report of Board of Local Im- An account of the activities of the department for the (Write to Grace Health Department, Springfield, Mass. City Plan Commission, St. Louis, Mo. (Apply to Burton Board of Health, Fall River, Mass. 118 pp., attached chart 157 pp. For year ending August 31, 1918. 48 pp. Harry H. Merrell, Town Clerk.) 1918. (Apply to Commission Government in Marquette, Mich. Annual message of the City Commission and the reports 119 pp., illustrated. of the departments for the year 1918. (Apply for copies to Elsie M. Dupuis, City Clerk.) Board of Water Commissioners, Johnstown, Ind. Fourteenth annual report, 1918. 45 pp., including 16 attractive photographs, 2 plans of park developments and 1 cartoon. (Write for copies to David N. Foster, President of the Board of Park Commissioners.) Board of Park Commissioners of the Cleveland Metropolitan Park District. First annual report, for the period beginning July 30, 50 pp., copiously 1917, and ending December 31, 1918. illustrated. (Issued by Cleveland Metropolitan Park Board.) Milwaukee Water-Works. 111 pp. + attached Year ending December 31, 1918. graphs, map and table. (Apply to H. P. Bohmann, Superintendent of Water-Works, Milwaukee, Wis.) Juvenile Commission, Hartford, Conn. Tenth annual report, for the year ending April 30, 1919. 30 pp. (Apply to Miss Eva Cohen, Secretary, The Juvenile Commission, Hartford, Conn.) Board of Commissioners, Rockford Park District. 16 pp. (Apply to the Report of social service work in the Women's Depart- Send to CLOW Large stocks- orders filled within 24 hours after they are received. We are splendidly equipped to give QUICK SERVICE on special cast iron jobs without sacrificing James B. Clow & Sons 534-546 So. Franklin St. Sales Offices New York Milwaukee St. Louis Philadelphia Minneapolis Detroit Pittsburgh San Francisco CLOW CHICAGO Methods, Materials and Appliances News for Boards of Public Works, Engineers, Contractors, Purchasing Agents, and Others Interested in the Econom'cal Co struction and Efficient Operation of Public Improvement Undertakings Protecting New York's The principal watersheds which comprise the surface water sources of New York City's water supply have a combined area of over 900 square miles, capable of furnishing about 1,075,000,000 gallons daily if necessary. The entire supply, which is unfiltered, is sterilized with chlorine by Wallace & Tiernan apparatus. Prior to 1911, surface water of a sufficiently high sanitary quality was obtainable without treatment, but as with all surface supplies, it was necessary to establish and maintain a complete system of watershed supervision, inspection and control. The completion of highways around the new reservoirs, particularly Ashokan Reservoir, brought a great many travelers and summer residents at considerable distance back from the edge of the reservoirs. However, this furnished possible pollution, and great care had to be exercised to maintain the high sanitary quality of the supply of the largest city in the United States. The first method of sterilizing the water was by calcium hypochlorite at the Croton Dam. This plant was removed to the new aqueduct and then again to Dunwoodie, N. Y., where a permanent building was erected. After three years' experience with hypochlorite the water supply engineers decided to change to the more readily controlled sterilizing agent, liquid chlorine. In July and August, 1914, all the different makes of apparatus on the market were installed at Smith's Point, L. I., to determine their relative efficiency. The results of these tests showed clearly that Wallace & Tiernan apparatus met all the requirements and was capable of delivering a uniform flow of gas under all conditions. At the present time there are 27 W & T chlorinators in service on the various supplies of New York City. The average daily water consumption in Greater New York is about 600,000,000 gallons, every drop of which is sterilized by liquid chlorine controlled by W & T equipment. Water leaving the Kensico Reservoir is treated with liquid chlorine by four units of equipment installed in the gate chamber of the Catskill Aqueduct at Kensico, N. Y. Many difficult problems were encountered in the chlorination of the Catskill supply, but these were all overcome by ingenious arrangements of apparatus and methods of application. In order to further protect the supplies, the water flowing in the Kisco River was sterilized by five manually controlled chlorinators, which are shown in the accompanying illustration. Shale that Machine Cut at 8 Ft. Per Minute Waterworks Men! Look to your costs in these days of P & H Equipment covers every phase PAWLING & HARNISCHFEGER GO. 660 Ft. In 3 Hours During 1915, considered an ordinary year, the city laid 25,000 ft. of 6- and 12-in. mains in hand excavated trenches at a labor cost for digging, laying and back-filling of 28.8c. a foot for the smaller and 36.08c. a foot for the larger size. Much more pipe was laid in 1916 and this year because of the rapid growth of the city. While complete unit costs for the last year's work have not yet been compiled, it is known that rising wages caused considerable increase over those of 1915. Records for 10,000 ft. of 6-in. main laid at one time last year show a total labor cost of 37.1c. per foot, of which digging alone represented 19c. with common labor 27/2c. an hour. The trench was in clay, with shale at the bottom. As compared with this, the first performance with the trenching machine, excavating for 1620 ft. of line, was accomplished at a fuel and labor cost of $132.84, or 8.2c. per foot for actual digging. This was in gravel which required sheeting, the cost of which is included in the above figure. On another occasion, in digging through cut-over land, where many large but partly rotted stumps were cut through, 682 ft. of trench was dug in four hours, at a cost of $7.55 for three men and 15 gal. of gasoline-only 1.1c. per foot. On Oct. 5 the machine made its speed record of 660 ft. in three hours, but $3.02 for gasoline and $1.88_for the wages of the engineer and helper being charged to the operation. This was about 3/4 of a cent per foot. Both trenches were in shale at the bottom. excavators, back fillers, tampers. 16-Inch Valves in Cincinnati When the high-pressure service was installed in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1914, it was realized that a special valve would be needed to take care of the extraordinary requirements. 16-INCH VALVES FOR HIGH-PRESSURE SERVICE A special valve for this type service was designed by Pratt & Cady Company, Inc., Hartford, Conn., and a large order for them received. The accompanying photograph shows one of these 16-inch valves, which up to the present time have required absolutely no repairs. Valves similar to this are being furnished constantly by this firm to other cities thruout the country, and are giving the same excellent service. Chlorine Cylinder Valves Simplicity of design and operation is assurance of the highest efficiency in any mechanical device, and nowhere is this more desirable than in apparatus which comes in contact with such a highly corrosive gas as chlorine. What are the conditions that have to be considered in the design of a valve which is to be used on cylinders for the transportation of liquid chlorine? Clearly, the first consideration is that of the person whose duty it is to manipulate such valves. Next, what is the function of the valve? Is it used both to prevent the escape of chlorine from the cylinder and at the same time to regulate the flow of the gas therefrom? Chlorine cylinder valves should not be used for controlling or regulating the flow of gas from the cylinder, but purely and simply as a device for securely sealing or preventing the contents of the cylinder from escaping while in storage or in transit, just as bottles are securely corked and sealed. Chlorine attacks all valve packings to a greater or less degree, the constant turning of the valve stem, necessary in regulating the flow of gas from the cylinder, affecting the valve stem packing so that chlorine is likely to leak past the packing when the valve stem is removed from its seat. In valves where it is impossible to tighten or repack the valve stem packing under pressure, this condition becomes a serious menace to those in the vicinity of a leaky valve. In consideration of the valve used on cylinders containing chlorine sold by Arnold, Hoffman & Co., 61 Broadway, New York, and manufactured by the Mathieson Alkali Works, Inc., Niagara Falls, N. Y., it will be noted that the stuffing box is of the usual design, of ample depth so as to provide for a generous amount of packing, which withstands to a fair degree the action of chlorine. In case a leak should occur, almost any operator would know how to tighten the stuffing box, because of its simplicity and similarity to the usual design. If the packing should be damaged to a degree where repacking was necessary, the valve can be repacked under pressure by turning the stem down upon its seat, removing the packing nut and gland and packing in the usual manner. By making use of a specially designed clamp and connector, shown in the illustration, most difficulties in connecting the cylinder to a chlorinator are avoided. The flanged end of the connector is inserted in a counterbored hole in the valve body, a small lead washer being previously inserted; and the clamp is placed over the valve, one end engaging the flange on the connector and the screw plate on the other abutting against the valve body, so that when the clamp screw is tightened the connector is forced tightly against the lead washer, insuring a tight joint. |