miles, and is unsurpassed in fertility even on this Continent, is conveyed thither by the Genesee Canal, and thence to Albany, &c. The passage of the great Erie Railroad has recently contributed its share. The Upper Falls are about one hundred feet in height, and, though much diminished in effect by buildings, still present a magnificent view. In their waters the fool-hardy Sam Patch, buoyed up by one successful plunge in them on a previous occasion, as well as by two at Niagara Falls, in making a second leap, perished in presence of a vast concourse of spectators. The body submerged, and was never discovered. The streets of Rochester are wide, aud well laid out, containing many first-rate private and public buildings. Of these we may mention the court-house, jail, arcade, and observatory, upwards of a dozen churches, and about six hotels, &c. &c. The Mount Hope Cemetery in the vicinity vies in extent and appropriate ness of design and scenery with those of Greenwood near Brooklyn and Laurel Hill at Philadelphia. Before closing this notice we shall subjoin a statement of some particulars as to the flouring-mills, which are regarded as the largest in the world. A few years ago (1835) they amounted to twenty-one, and the capital invested in them exceeded half a million of dollars. When in full operation, they require daily twenty thousand bushels of wheat, and are capable of manufacturing five thousand barrels per day. So effective is the machinery connected with several runs of stones that one can grind, bolt, and pack one hundred bushels of flour daily. Besides the wheat drawn from the rich wheat-growing valley of the Genesee and the shores of Erie and Ontario, some millers imported from Canada (in 1835) about one hundred thousand bushels. Such is the high character of the "Rochester brands", that, besides the large shipments to foreign ports, they may be seen at Montreal and Quebec, New Orleans, New York, and Boston. The water-power of the two falls is estimated as equal to one thousand nine hundred and twenty steam-engines of twenty horse power. Calculated according to the cost of steam power in England, the annual value of this water power would amount to nearly ten millions of dollars. A large capital is also invested in cotton and woollen mills, iron

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works, tanneries, &c. &c-OSWEGO, the principal commercial port on the American side of the Lake, is pleasantly situated at the mouth of the river of that name. The principal part of the town is on the western bank, and has a neat and stirring appearance. On the opposite bank are some large mills, and here terminates the Oswego Canal from Syracuse, distant about thirty-eight miles. About half way betwixt Carthage and Oswego is Great Sodus Bay. -At the eastern extremity of the Lake, on the south side of Black River Bay, lies in a very sheltered situation SACKETT'S HARBour. This was the naval station of the United States on the Lake during the last war with Great Britain. In May, 1813, Sir George Prevost effected a landing with one thousand men, but hastily re-embarked without accomplishing his purpose. The Navy Yard is a conspicu ous object from the landing.-About twenty miles north of Sackett's Harbour, French Creek enters the St. Lawrence. Hence, in the beginning of November 1813, General Wilkinson embarked at the head of seven thousand men with the view of descending the St. Lawrence and attacking Montreal, expecting to be re-inforced by troops from Plattsburg. Six days thereafter an engagement took place 'near Williamsburgh on the Canadian shore, when the Ameri cans were worsted. On the arrival of the army at St. Regis, disap、 pointed in his expectation of a re-inforcement, General Wilkinson retired to French Mills, and encamped there for the winter. This place was subsequently named Fort Covington, in memory of General Covington who fell at the battle of Williamsburg.

Opposite Kingston lies a large island, called Wolfe's Island. It is well settled, having upwards of six thousand acres under cultivation. The stream, which in the course of a few miles issues from the Lake, is now for the first time called the St. Lawrence; and its channel so expands, and becomes so full of islands, that it obtains the name of the "LAKE OF THE THOUSAND ISLES," These islands present every imaginable shape, size, and appearancesome barely visible, others covering many acres. As one is conveyed along the unruffled surface with a cloudless sky overhead, surveying from the steamer's deck the ever varying combinations of wood rocks, and water, he imagines that he is passing through some de

lightful fairy-land. He finds himself sometimes enclosed within a narrow channel, shortly discovers openings as of noble rivers, and then seems to be on the bosom of a spacious lake.--Shortly after entering this picturesque scene, sixteen miles from Kingston, is the village of Gananoque, and on emerging from it is BROCKVILLE, one of the prettiest towns in Canada. Most of the houses and public buildings are constructed of limestone, on a bed of which the town is built. In the neighbourhood is granite, but not used from its hardness to be worked and consequent expensiveness. A good road is constructed thence to Perth, which is about forty miles north west. Opposite the town is a rocky islet, surmounted by a blockhouse, where a few Riflemen are stationed. The population is upwards of two thousand with two weekly newspapers. It returns a member to the House of Assembly.-Five miles east lies the small village of Maitland, built on the site of an old French fortification. Seven miles below lies PRESCOTT, called after a Lieutenant Governor of that name, and rendered memorable during the late rebellion. Before the opening of the Rideau Canal it was a place of considerable trade. A company of Rifles and a few Artillerymen are stationed here. The population is two thousand A steam-ferry boat plies to the American town of Ogdensburgh, which lies directly opposite. The river is about a mile and a half broad here.-Between Prescott and Dickenson's Landing at the head of the Cornwall Canal, a distance of thirty-eight miles, are in succession the villages of Matilda, Mariatown, Chrysler's, and Moulinette, and in succession, at nearly equal distances of seven or eight miles, are the Galoppes Rapids, the Point Iroquois Rapids, the Rapide Flat Iapids, and the Farren's Point Rapids, in which the current varies from six to ten miles per hour. Canals of a few miles in length have been constructed that trade-vessels may pass. An island shortly obstructs the current, producing what is called the "LONG SAULT" i. e. Long Leap. The stream rushes through a narrow passage on each side, and hurries on the bark with great velocity; and the two currents, meeting at the lower end of the island, dart most furiously against each other, and form what is called the "Big Pitch." To avoid these rapids on the upward passage, Government has constructed, at

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a cost of nearly sixty thousand pounds, a magnificent canal, called the Cornwall Canal, which wes opened in 1843. It is eleven-anda-half-miles long, and has seven locks.-The town of CORNWALL is well laid out, and has a pleasant situation. It returns a Member to the House of Assembly, has a population of nearly two thousand, and a newspaper. It is worth the tourist's while to avail himself of the opportunity afforded for going on shore and inspecting the workmanship of the canal. The French inhabitants formerly called this place "Pointe Maline" from the difficulty they experienced in ascending this portion of the river with their bateaux.-Opposite to Cornwall lies the Indian village of ST. REGIS, where line 45° strikes the St. Lawrence, and forms the boundary between Lower Canada and the State of New York, intersecting, also, the tract of land which is the property of this body of Iroquois, numbering in all about one thousand, and about equally British and American. There is a large stone church, which was erected upwards of fifty years ago at their own expense. The Government maintains a French Canadian missionary, who resides permanently at the village, and devotes his whole time to the tribe. A great portion of the service consists of singing, of which the Indians are passionately fond. The men procure a precarious subsistence chiefly by hunting, and the women employ themselves in making mitts and moccassins from the skins of animals that have been killed during the winter, and in manufacturing splint baskets and brooms.—After passing the Canal the St. Lawrence widens into one of those beautiful expanses, called Lakes, which tend not a little to impart variety to the course of this majestic river. LAKE ST. FRANCIS is forty miles long. About half way down the lake on the left hand stands the village of Lancaster,close on the boundary line between the West and East Provinces. Here the Loyal Glengary Highlanders raised a large cuirn or pile of stone (a memorial occasionally erected for warriors of old in Scotland) in honour of Sir John Colborne, now Lord Seaton, formerly Governor General. THE RAPIDS. At the extremity of the lake commences a succession of very formidable rapids, called the Coteau du Lac, the Cedars or the Split Rock, and the Cascades. The voyage down this sixteen miles' declivity of boiling waters, often presenting,

as it were, sea-waves lashed by tempestuous winds under a burning and unclouded sky, is perhaps as exciting as this or any country offers. The landscape along the shore is in some parts romantic, exhibiting a few villages with handsome churches and parsonages and mills, with an uninterrupted succession of cottages on the water's edge. The excitement is enhanced by a sense of risk accompanying the vessel as she sweeps with the utmost speed close past islands and rocks, whilst her straight course in the channel is maintained by the steady exertions of eight voyageurs at the wheel and rudder. A con siderable island, called Grande Isle, lies a little below the east end of the Lake. In order to open up a communication between this Lake and the next expanse, called Lake St. Louis, which is twentyfour miles in length, the Beauharnois Canal has been constructed by Government at a cost of £162,281. It is eleven-and-a-quarter miles long, and has nine locks.-The St. Lawrence, on emerging from the Cascades, receives a great influx of waters from the Ottawas and their combined waters form the expanse of Lake St. Louis, at the western extremity of which is the considerable island of Isle Perrot, and along the north shore is the Island of Montreal, which is above thirty miles in length. For some distance below the junction the brown waters of the Ottawa roll on unmixed with the clear stream of the St. Lawrence. At the outlet of the Lake on the right is the Iroquois settlement of CAUGHNAWAGA or "The Village of the Rapids," in allusion to those that lie a little below. It was granted for their benefit by Louis XIV. in 1780, and enlarged by Governor Frontenac. These Indians in summer chiefly subsist by navigating barges and rafts down to Montreal, and in winter by the sale of snow-shoes, moccassins, &c. They are Roman Catholics, and have lately rebuilt a handsome and substantial church They behaved nobly during the recent disturbances, and since that period have received special marks of Her Majesty's favour.-On the left bank stands LACHINE, the central situation of which bids fair to ensure its growth and prosperity. Here is the residence of Sir George Simpson, Governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of the staff of officers in charge of this, the principal post of the company. Hence emanate the instructions, received from head-quarters in Lon