have been accustomed to respect him, to be able to induce the inhabitants to create a disturbance, and should this be the case, Phya Tringanu, as well as the Siamese, will be scandalized; they may say that Sultan Mahomet resided in Bangkok, where he was advised and received encouragement to create a disturbance. Foreign traders who go to Pahang, and not understanding the circumstances, will be apt to think like this. Also the boundaries of Tringanu and Pahang join; the inhabitants intermix and trade with each other; should any disturbances take place it may be the cause of their disliking each other, and thereby lessen the prosperity of both places. Let Phya Tringanu be well guarded against this, and if Sultan Mahomet wishes to leave Tringanu to live in any other place, Phya Tringanu must first write and inform the Siamese Government. Matters regarding Sultan Mahomet are further mentioned in a written instruction given to Urang Kayan. Written in Siamese and in Malay. TRANSLATION. INSTRUCTIONS given to Urang Kayan to inform Phya Tringanu that Sultan Mahomet came to reside in Bangkok, and that his Majesty the King of Siam had compassion on him, because he had been a ruler or chief, and had descended from his position; he had to leave his country and wander about in several places until he went to live in Tringanu, from whence he begged to come to Bangkok, in order to obtain some favours from his Majesty's benevolence. His Majesty, having compassion, provided for his living suitably to his condition of a Malay chief coming to Siam to receive some favours. On March last Mr. Loudon, the next in rank to the Governor of Java, came here as ambassador with the royal presents from the King of Holland, in order to cement the bonds of friendship. We inquired of him why Sultan Mahomet had been divested of his authority as ruler of Linga. Mr. Loudon informed us, Sultan Mahomet was governor of Linga, and did not attend to the business of the country, but was always travelling out of his country. The Dutch Government remonstrated with him, but he would not listen. They therefore deposed him, and whenever Sultan Mahomet would consent to return to the Dutch territories, they would allow him to live in Batavia, and would provide for him as a Malay governor who had lost his authority; but Sultan Mahomet replied that he would not consent to live under the Dutch Government. The Governor of Singapore also wrote to Sir Robert Schomburgk, consul at Bangkok, stating that Sultan Mahomet was a person who was unsteady, and wherever he went to live he was disagreeable to the neighbouring places, and when his Majesty sent him to live in Tringanu; Phya Tringanu states that Sultan Mahomet is a person who will take no advice. This being the case, should Sultan Mahomet be discarded, he will certainly go to ruin. His being once a chief, and now descended to the level of the common people, is very pitiable. If Phya Tringanu perceives that Sultan Mahomet's living in Tringanu will be the cause of troubles, or of spoiling the name of Phya Tringanu, or the prosperity of his country, let Phya Tringanu send him and his family back to Bangkok. His Majesty will arrange that he may reside in any of the inner Siamese provinces between Singora and Bangkok, if he so desires it; but he cannot be allowed to live in any of the tributary Malayan States, because in those States the succession is hereditary; when a chief or ruler dies, he is succeeded by his children or relatives; the country consequently remains quiet and prosperous. To put other persons in the government of those countries has not been customary; for these reasons Sultan Mahomet cannot be permitted to reside in those Malay States. This being the case, let Phya Tringanu consider what is proper to be done; only he must not allow any disturbances to take place. Bangkok, 11 August 1862. Bandaharah of Pahang to the Honourable Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements,-(dated Pahang, 19 August 1862.) Sir, WE beg to inform our friend regarding Wan Ahmed, who is now for certain in Tambling River, as our Sha Bunder came down from Tumarloh, and reported to us that Wan Ahmed had arrived at that place on the 18th instant. Wan Ahmed came from Doongon River with the people of Tringanu, Kamaman and Doongon; the head man, Orang Kayan, fed about three or four hundred of the Doongon people along with Wan Ahmed, by desire of the Sultan of Tringanu; and the other man, named Tunkoo Long, is a servant of the Sultan of Linga; he is amongst them in the Tambling River, which place is under our charge. We now point out to our friend that Wan Ahmed has three times attacked our country from the territory under the charge of the Sultan of Tringanu and disturbed our subjects, and we feel little doubt that the Sultans of Tringanu and Linga have desired their people to assist Wan Ahmed. The Sultan of Linga, moreover, has come from Siam, in consequence of which our people in the interior of Pahang are very much afraid, so we have desired our brother, Inchi Wan Abdool Raman and Tunkoo Syed Ommar, to go to the interior interior of Pahang on the 19th instant with some of our subjects to attack Wan Ahmed; we think that, perhaps, there will be little trouble; but by the blessing of God, if we conquer, and our brother, Wan Ahmed, is defeated, he must surely return back to Tringanu. We have no other to assist us, but we look to the assistance of our friend. This is the behaviour of the Sultans of Tringanu and Linga towards us. Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements, to Bandaharah of Pahang,— (No. 348, dated Singapore, 2 September 1862.) Sir, WE have received our friend's letter of the 19th August, and regret to hear that Inchi Wan Ahmed has entered our friend's territories; we, however, trust that the force sent against him by our friend may prove successful, and that he may be quickly defeated and driven from his present position. 2. The Sultan of Tringanu has received instructions from Bangkok to send back the exSultan of Linga in the event of his being concerned in any disturbances; and we have now written to him on the subject, and at the same time warned him of the consequences to himself likely to ensue in case of a continuance of these attacks upon our friend's country. Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements, to Sultan of Tringanu,-— (No. 349, dated Singapore, 2 September 1862.) Sir, WE forward herewith for our friend's perusal a copy of a letter received from his Highness the Bandaharah of Pahang, reporting the attack made upon his territories by several of our friend's subjects, headed by Inchi Wan Ahmed, and instigated by the ex-Sultan of Linga; it is clear that our friend must have connived at this attack, and that therefore he is responsible for any evil consequences that may ensue. He cannot in any way evade this responsibility, under the plea that he exercises no power over Inchi Wan Ahmed, or the ex-Sultan of Linga: the former without our friend's support would be powerless, whilst, as regards the latter, our friend has already received through Urang Kayan instructions to send him back to Bangkok in the event of his residence at Tringanu proving the cause of any troubles or disturbances; moreover, we have learnt from other sources that the force under Inchi Wan Ahmed has been supplied by our friend with 90 muskets and 40 kegs of powder; we, therefore, deem it right to warn our friend clearly of the danger he is incurring, and to inform him that, in case of a continuance of these disturbances, as we cannot allow Inchi Wan Ahmed to receive either through our friend or his people the means of giving annoyance to Pahang, we shall be compelled to order up some steamers to blockade our friend's coast, and the expense attendant upon this measure we shall require our friend to defray. Our friend is well aware that we are anxious both for his own welfare and for the prosperity of his country, and should regret much to take any steps by which either would be affected, and we therefore hope our friend will take measures to obviate the necessityof any proceedings on our part. Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements, to Her Britannic Majesty's Consul, Bangkok,—(No. 352, dated Singapore, 5 September 1862.) Sir, I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated 26th ultimo, and am gratified to find that your representations have conduced to the issue of instructions from the Court of Siam, for the return to Bangkok of the ex-Sultan of Linga in the event of his continued residence in Tringanu leading to troubles in that quarter. 2. I deem it right to enclose, for your information, copies of a letter, dated 19th ultimo, received from the Bandaharah of Pahang, on the subject of the attack that has been made upon his territories, and of the communication which I have consequently considered it my duty to address to the Sultan of Tringanu. My remonstrance against the covert assistance which it is clear has been afforded to Inchi Wan Ahmed will, I trust, have a beneficial effect, and cause a cessation of the disturbances that have so long prevailed to the serious detriment of our commerce, and which, as far as I am able to judge, may be mainly attributed to the instigation of the ex-Sultan, and to his presence in the neighbourhood. Colonel H. M. Durand, c. B., Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department, to the Governor of the Straits Settlements,-(No. 978, dated 23 October 1862.) Sir, In reply to your Despatch, dated 18th ultimo, No. 124, reporting the attack made by Inchi Wan Ahmed on the neighbouring State of Pahang, I am directed to refer you to the letter from this department, under date the 30th August last, No. 809, and to state that, in the event of the Court of Siam failing to take active measures on receipt of the warning therein conveyed, the Governor General in Council authorises you to address Sir R. Schomburgk, requesting him to urge on the Siamese Government the removal both of the ex-Sultan of Linga and Inchi Wan Ahmed from Tringanu, and the punishment of the Sultan of Tringanu, if he has actually given assistance in the attack on a chief in friendly relations with the British Government. The Governor of Prince of Wales Island, Singapore, and Malacca, to the Secre tary to the Government of India, Foreign Department,-(No. 136, dated 8 October 1862.) Sir, IN continuation of the former correspondence on the subject of the present disturbances in Pahang, I have the honour to enclose, for submission to his Excellency the Governor General in Council, copies of a Despatch, dated 1st instant (with enclosure), received from Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at Bangkok, and of my reply, which latter will, I trust, be deemed in accordance with the instructions contained in your letter, No. 809, of the 30th August 1862. 2. I sincerely hope that the remonstrances of Sir Robert Schomburgk may have a beneficial effect, and that the Court at Bangkok may see the propriety of withdrawing from Tringanu a chief whose presence has evidently led to the attack upon the neighbouring State, an attack, moreover, that it appears from the correspondence between the authorities at Siam and Tringanu that the former actually anticipated. Enclosures. Sir Robert H. Schomburgk, Bart., Her Britannic Majesty's Consul, Bangkok, to His Honor Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements,-(dated 1 October 1862.) Sir, I HAVE the honour to acknowledge your Despatch of September 22d, with its enclosure. On its receipt I called on his Excellency the Kalahome, and after a long discussion, a resumé of which I enclose for your information, I succeeded in inducing his Excellency to yield the point in discussion, and promise to recall Sultan Mahomet. MINUTE of Conversation between Her Britannic Majesty's Consul, Bangkok, and his Excellency the Kalahome, on 30th September 1862, under my Interpretation. HER Majesty's Consul stated that he had called about Sultan Mahomet's affair; that the proceedings of the Governor of Singapore were entirely approved by the Governor General of India, and that he must insist upon Sultan Mahomet being removed. The Governor of Singapore's letter and its enclosure having been read, his Excellency the Kalahome complained of the case having been misrepresented to the Governor General of India. The statement, that Inchi Wan Ahmet had been sent to Tringanu by the Siamese Government, was entirely untrue and unfounded. Inchi Wan Ahmet had never been in Siam (Bangkok) at all, as Her Majesty's Consul must be aware; the Siamese Government had not had anything to do with Inchi Wan Ahmet. His Excellency regretted that the Governor of Singapore, acting hastily on information entirely one-sided, should have been led to make such a misrepresentation, and felt it unjust that statements respecting the affairs of Siam and its dependencies should be taken as facts before they were endorsed by Her Majesty's Consul, whom the Siamese Government regarded as the only official representing the British Government in transactions with Siam and its dependencies. In this case he desired it to be understood that the Siamese would gladly see Sultan Mahomet removed from the Malay Peninsula. He was not a man of whose abilities or merits his Excellency had any great idea, but at present the Siamese Government saw no ground on which they could order him to leave Tringanu. The charges of the Governor of Singapore were before them, and they had written to Tringanu on the subject, but had not yet received any answer. They did not like to treat a guest as a prisoner before they had heard his own version of the affair. Their only objection to insisting on Sultan Mahomet leaving Tringanu is, that it would be an act of inhospitality to him and unpleasant interference with the Rajah of Tringanu. Sultan Mahomet came from Tringanu, where he had been living with his uncle, the Rajah, and his mother. He paid a visit to Siam, and when he desired to return whence he came, the King of Siam sent him in one of his steamers. That was all the Siamese had done in the matter; the correspondence had all been laid before before Her Majesty's Consul, and his Excellency declared that there were no other instructions, nothing that had been kept secret; the Siamese were acting quite openly in the affair. In the letter sent on receiving a complaint from Her Majesty's Consul was a direction to the Rajah of Tringanu to send him away if he gave any trouble, and his Excellency would promise to show to Her Majesty's Consul the reply directly it arrived; and if there was the slightest ground or plea for such an act, they would forthwith send a steamer to fetch him away; and should this letter not arrive within a reasonable time, his Excellency would order the "Chow Phya" on her next passage to call in at Tringanu to convey there a Siamese officer and some one on the part of Her Majesty's Consul to investigate on the spot, and, if there was any ground, remove the Sultan Mahomet. He deprecated any com-. pulsory measures being taken against Sultan Mahomet on an ex parte statement; it would be contrary to the usages of hospitality and justice. But directly there was a just case shown against him, the Siamese Government would prevent him entering any part of the Malay Peninsula under their jurisdiction. Her Majesty's Consul replied, that "this matter was fully reported to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs," at which his Excellency expressed his satis faction. "At the same time," Her Majesty's Consul continued to say, " he was now acting on the responsibility of the Governor of Singapore, whose proceedings had been approved by the Governor General of India, and he could only press for the immediate removal of Sultan Mahomet." The Governor of Singapore considered Sultan Mahomet's presence in Tringanu as very objectionable, and he must press for his removal. If this was not conceded, he would go to Singapore by the next steamer to consult with the Governor. His Excellency seemed much alarmed at this resolution of Her Majesty's Consul, and begged him not to go, urging that the Governor of Singapore had acted hastily and wrongly throughout this case, and that, as the French Admiral was coming to Siam in a few days, Her Majesty's Consul's advice might be desired by the Siamese, and other excuses. Her Majesty's Consul replied, that his determination was fixed; unless he was at once assured that Sultan Mahomet should be sent away from Tringanu, he would go to Singapore by the next steamer. His Excellency repeated that the Siamese were unwilling to commit an act of such inhospitality, but that if Her Majesty's Consul altered his request to a demand in writing, they would assent. Her Majesty's Consul declined to make a direct demand in writing; the responsibility must lie with the Siamese. After considerable discussion to this effect, his Excellency agreed that, if Her Majesty's Consul addressed a Despatch to the Praklang, desiring that, in the same manner as, under Captain Burney's Treaty, the ex-Rajah of Kedah was removed from Penang by the British Government, the Siamese should remove Sultan Mahomet from Tringanu, the Siamese Government would agree to do so. (signed) H. Alabaster, 1st Assistant Interpreter on the occasion. Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of the Straits Settlements, to Her Britannic Majesty's Consul, Bangkok,—(No. 399, dated 8 October 1862.) Sir, IN acknowledging the receipt of your Despatch, dated 1st instant, and with reference to the remarks made by his Excellency the Kalahome relative to the proceedings of this Government, I deem it right to place on record a brief statement of facts connected with the present state of affairs in Pahang, the accuracy of which the Court at Bangkok will not, I believe, venture to impugn. 2. In July 1861, consequent on a communication from the Resident of Rhio as to the intention of their Majesties the Kings of Siam to depute the ex-Sultan of Linga to Tringanu (a Malay State in the Peninsula forming no integral portion of the Siamese dominions, and of which the independence is mutually guaranteed by the 12th Article of the Treaty, dated 20th June 1826), I considered it my duty to point out to you the prejudicial effect that such a measure must necessarily have upon British interests, and, in reply to the remonstrance made upon the receipt of my letter, you were informed that the report that had reached me was incorrect. 3. In May last, notwithstanding the intimation thus given, that the presence of the exSultan in the Peninsula would be distasteful to the British Government, and the apprehensions of the King himself, as expressed in the extract from the letter to the Sultan of Tringanu, marginally noted, apprehensions for which there must have been good foundation, * Sultan Mahomet came and resided for several months; from his manners and speech he appears to be a thoughtless person and fond of amusements, at which his Majesty was rather apprehensive, saying, that now Sultan Mahomet had gone to Tringanu, he will, probably considering himself as having been a chief, not pay due respect to Phya Tringanu and his family, and will thereby be the cause of quarrels; and also he may think that, as Pahang once belonged to Linga, and its chiefs and officers have been accustomed to respect him, to be able to induce the inhabitants to create a disturbance; and should this be the case, Phya Tringanu, as well as the Siamese, will be scandalized; they may say that Sultan Mahomet resided in Bangkok, where he was advised and received encouragement to create a disturbance. Foreign traders who go to Pahang, and, not understanding the circumstances, will be apt to think like this. Also the boundaries of Tringanu and Pahang join; the inhabitants intermix and trade with each other; should any disturbance take place, it may be the cause of their disliking each other, and thereby lessen the prosperity of both places. tion, the above chief was despatched to Tringanu in a steamer belonging to the Siamese Government, and an order issued for his being provided with suitable accommodation on his arrival at his destination; en route the steamer proceeded to Kalantan, from which place she was joined by Inchi Wan Ahmet with eight war prahus. 4. For some days both steamer and prahus remained at anchor off Tringanu, and whilst still on board the former, the ex-Sultan openly avowed the intention of attacking Pahang, stating that the attack would be made from the Doongong River as soon as a favourable opportunity offered. This intention has been duly carried out in the manner proposed, and consequently there can be but little doubt as to the influence through which Inchi Wan Ahmet has been permitted to take advantage of the security afforded him by the supineness or connivance of the Tringanu authorities to organize within the territories of the Sultan the force with which he has recently entered the neighbouring State, and thus disturbed that peace and tranquillity which it has ever been the desire of the British Government to maintain throughout the Peninsula. 5. Upon being apprised as to the intention of the Siamese Government, I lost no time in communicating with you on the subject, clearly specifying the dangers likely to arise from the continued residence in any of the Malayan States of a restless, intriguing character, such as the ex-Sultan is described to be, and at the same time remarking upon the responsibility that must necessarily attach to that Government through whose countenance and support he had been placed in a position to mature designs prejudicial to British com merce. 6. Although, from the correspondence between the Court of Siam and the Sultan of Tringanu, of which I have been favoured with a copy, it appears that his Majesty the King of Siam was equally acquainted as myself with the probable consequences of the ex-Sultan's protracted stay at Tringanu, no active measures have hitherto been taken by the Siamese Government to avert them; my predictions have duly been fulfilled. Pahang has been attacked from the side of Tringanu, the only quarter, indeed, from which the attack could have been made with any hope of success, and the working of the tin mines, for which considerable advances had been made from Singapore, prevented, and the general prosperity of the country, which was rapidly recovering from the effects of former similar inroads, materially checked. 7. The foregoing statement requires no comment, and, in conclusion, I would merely observe that, considering the commercial relations between the Straits Settlements and Pahang, it is incumbent on the British Government to endeavour to restore to the latter country that rest and quietness so essential to the development of its resources. This in all probability can be best effected by preventing any assistance, either covert or open, from reaching Inchi Wan Ahmet from Tringanu; and should the present disturbances continue, I shall deem it my duty, acting upon instructions received from his Excellency the Governor General in Council, to adopt such measures as may appear most expedient for the protection of British interests and the maintenance of the general peace of the Peninsula. Colonel Orfeur Cavenagh, Governor of Prince of Wales Island, Singapore, and Malacca, to the Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department,— (No. 138, dated 13 October 1862.) Sir, In continuation of my Despatch, No. 136, of the 8th instant, I have the honour to enclose, for submission to his Excellency the Governor General in Council, copies of a letter, dated the 30th ultimo, received from the ex-Sultan of Linga, and of my reply. From the purport of the former communication, there can, I presume, be little doubt as to the object with which the ex-Sultan has taken up his residence in Tringanu. Enclosures. The ex-Sultan of Linga to the Honourable the Governor of the Straits Settlements,(dated Tringanu, 30 September 1862.) After compliments, WE beg to inform our friend with these few lines regarding our living, for the present, with our father at Tringanu, by the desire of the King of Siam. Our father received a letter, dated 2d September 1862, No. 349; we perused it from beginning to the end, and we are very sorry to hear what is mentioned in our friend's letter to our father, viz., that we have desired Tunkoo Long to proceed to the interior of Pahang to assist Wan Ahmet to make an attack on the territory of Pahang. The complaints made by the Bandaharahı are all false, because the Bandaharah said that our officer, Tunkoo Long, was in the interior of Pahang. Our friend can inquire of Mr. Vanderville, who came by our friend's order, with a Chinaman, to inquire into the case of the Chinese who were killed by the Kalantan people; that gentleman visited Tringanu and met us and our officer, Tunkoo Long. When Tunkoo Long came from Singapore by our order, he was not well one single day; he always was sick, and we did not give him any order at all on account of his illness, At present we |