directly or indirectly, issue or give any free service, free tickets, free pass or free transportation for passengers or property between points within this commonwealth; but nothing in this act shall be held to prohibit any railroad corporation or street railway company from giving free or reduced rate service to policemen, letter carriers and firemen while in uniform or engaged in the discharge of their duties; nor to prohibit any common carrier from giving free or reduced rate service to its employees, or in cases of public emergency, or for such charitable purposes as may be approved by the [public service] commission; nor to prohibit any telephone or telegraph company, unless the commission shall otherwise order, from giving service at reduced rates to the commonwealth or to any city or town; nor shall this act be held to prohibit the commissioners, their experts, inspectors and counsel from being transported over the railroads and the railways of this commonwealth free of charge while engaged in the performance of their duties; nor shall this act be held to prohibit the giving by any such common carrier of free or reduced rate service to the classes defined and provided for in the act of congress entitled "An act to regulate commerce" and acts amendatory thereof. [Acts, 1913, c. 784, § 18, as am. by Acts, 1914, c. 679.]

1308. Certain railroad employees exempt from enrolment in the militia. In addition to the persons exempted by the laws of the United States from enrolment in the militia, the following persons shall also be absolutely exempt: . . . conductors and engine drivers of railroad trains. . . . [Acts, 1908, c. 604, § 3.]

1309. Business of the Railway Mail Association in this commonwealth. The Railway Mail Association is hereby authorized to conduct its business in this commonwealth until October 1st, 1915, provided, that it only pays benefits for death or disability resulting from accident, and limits its membership to persons engaged in the railway mail service at the time of their admission to the association, without conforming to the provisions of Acts, 1911, c. 628. [Acts, 1914, c. 534.] 1310. Sales by children upon street cars. agent or servant, allows a child under the age of ten years to enter upon or into any of its cars for the purpose of selling newspapers or other articles therein or offering them for sale, it shall forfeit fifty dollars for each offence, which shall be recovered by any person by an action brought within three months after the offence has been committed. [Acts, 1906, c. 463, Pt. III, § 89.]

If a street railway company, its

Indoor Labor,

Reclamation of lands,

PRISON LABOR.

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1311. Prisoners employed.

INDOOR LABOR.

Prisoners in the state prison shall be constantly employed for the benefit of the commonwealth, but no prisoner shall be employed in engraving. [R. L., c. 225, § 26.] 1312. Removal of prisoners. .. [The prison commissioners] may remove prisoners from the Massachusetts reformatory, the state farm, and the jails and houses of correction to the [Prison Camp and Hospital] for prisoners and may, at any time, return them to the place of imprisonment from which they were removed. [R. L., c. 225, § 96, as am. by Acts, 1905, c. 240, § 1.]

The

1313. Prison officials may establish industries in their institutions. prison commissioners and the warden of the state prison, the superintendent of the Massachusetts reformatory, of the reformatory prison for women or of the state farm, masters, keepers or superintendents of jails and houses of correction, or of any other penal institution of the commonwealth, or of any county, shall determine the industries which shall be established and maintained in the respective institutions which are under the control of said officers. The prisoners in said institutions shall be employed in said industries under regulations which shall be established by the prison commissioners, but no contract shall be made for the labor of prisoners, except that, with the approval of the prison commissioners, prisoners may be employed in cane seating and the manufacture of umbrellas under the "piece price system," socalled. [R. L., c. 225, § 43.]

1314. May employ instructors. The warden, superintendent, master or keeper of any institution described in the preceding section may, with the approval of the prison commissioners, appoint such superintendents and instructors to instruct the prisoners in said industries as he and the prison commissioners shall consider necessary. Such superintendents and instructors shall have the same authority relative to the prisoners as the subordinate officers of the institution in which they are employed. Their compensation shall be fixed and they may be removed by the warden, superintendent, master or keeper, with the approval of the prison commissioners. [R. L., c. 225, § 44.]

1315. Classification in prisons. The prison commissioners may, with the approval of the governor and council, provide for grading and classifying the prisoners in the state prison and in the Massachusetts reformatory and may establish rules for dealing with the prisoners in the state prison according to their conduct and industry and with the prisoners in the Massachusetts reformatory according to their conduct, industry in labor and diligence in study. [R. L., c. 225, § 15.]

com

1316. Industries at Massachusetts reformatory. [The prison missioners] and the superintendent of the Massachusetts reformatory shall endeavor to establish in said reformatory such industries as, within the provisions of this chapter, will enable prisoners employed therein to learn valuable trades. [R. L., c. 225, § 46.] 1317. Limitation of prison industries. The number of prisoners in all the

institutions named in section 43 [see paragraph 1313] who may be employed in the industries hereinafter named, shall be limited as follows: in the manufacture of brushes, not more than 80; in the manufacture of cane chairs with wood frames, not more than 80; in the manufacture of clothing other than shirts or hosiery, not more than 375; in the manufacture of harnesses, not more than 50; in the manufacture of mats, not more than 20; in the manufacture of rattan chairs, not more than 75; in the manufacture of rush chairs, not more than 75; in the manufacture of shirts, not more than 80, and they shall be women; in the manufacture of shoes, not more than 375; in the manufacture of shoe heels, not more than 125; in the manufacture of trunks, not more than 20; in stone cutting, not more than 150; in laundry work, not more than 100. [R. L., c. 225, § 47.]

1318. Limit number to be employed in any one industry. Not more than 30 per cent of the number of inmates of any penal institution which has more than 100 inmates shall be employed in any one industry, except cane seating and the manufacture of umbrellas. [R. L., c. 225, § 48.]

1319. Application of preceding sections. The provisions of the two preceding sections shall not apply to prisoners who are engaged in the manufacture of goods for use in the penal or public charitable institutions or hospitals of the commonwealth, of the counties thereof or of the cities described in section 45 [see paragraph 1330]. [R. L., c. 225, § 49.]

1320. Prison instructors to be under civil service rules. R. L., c. 19 [civil service] and acts in amendment thereof, and the rules established thereunder, shall apply to all persons employed as instructors in the state prison and in the Massachusetts reformatory. [Acts, 1912, c. 597, § 1.]

1321. Defining term "instructors." The term "instructors" as used in this act [Acts, 1912, c. 597] shall include all persons employed as instructors in the state prison and in the Massachusetts reformatory under the provisions of R. L., c. 225, § 44, and all other employees in said institutions having prisoners under their charge. [Acts, 1912, c. 597, § 2.]

1322. Employment of female prisoners.—The [prison] commissioners may, with the consent of a woman who is serving a sentence in the reformatory prison for women or in a jail or house of correction, and with the consent of the county commissioners, if she is in a jail or house of correction, contract to have her employed in domestic service for such term, not exceeding her term of imprisonment, and upon such conditions, as they consider proper with reference to her welfare and reformation. If, in their opinion, her conduct at any time during the term of the contract is not good, they may order her to return to the prison from which she was taken. [R. L., c. 225, § 69.]

1323. Preparation of road material. The prison commissioners may cause the prisoners in any jail or house of correction to be employed within the precincts of the prison in preparing material for road making; but no machine except such as is operated by hand or foot power shall be used in connection with such employment. [R. L., c. 225, § 59.]

1324. Sale of road material. Material so prepared may be sold to the county commissioners or to city and town officers who have the care of public roads. All material not so sold shall be purchased by the Massachusetts highway commission, at such price as they determine is fair and reasonable, for use on state highways; but the prison commissioners may cause any of said prisoners to be employed upon

material furnished by said highway commission, who shall then pay for the labor of preparation such price as may be agreed upon by said prison commissioners and said highway commission. [R. L., c. 225, § 61.]

Prisoners in the state

1325. Outside labor for private parties forbidden. prison, the Massachusetts reformatory, the reformatory prison for women, the state farm, the [Prison Camp and Hospital] for prisoners, or in any jail or house of correction, may be employed in the custody of an officer in caring for public lands and buildings, but no prisoner shall be employed outside the precincts of the place of his imprisonment in doing work of any kind for private persons. [R. L., c. 225, § 29, as am, by Acts, 1905, c. 244.]

1326. Inmates to be employed.

Every person who has been committed to a work house shall, if able to work, be kept diligently employed in labor during the term of his commitment. [R. L., c. 30, § 21.] 1327. Bids for piece price contracts. If the prison commissioners and the warden, superintendent, master or keeper of any institution named in section 43 [see paragraph 1313] consider the employment of prisoners or a part of them upon the piece price plan expedient, they shall advertise for bids therefor, which shall be opened publicly, and a copy and record thereof shall be kept by the prison commissioners. If said officers consider it inexpedient to accept any of such bids, contracts may be made with other persons. Copies of all contracts for the employment of prisoners shall be kept by the prison commissioners, and shall at all times be open to public inspection. [R. L., c. 225, § 50.]

1328. Sale of manufactured goods. Goods which have been manufactured in any of the institutions named in section 43 [see paragraph 1313] shall, with the approval of the prison commissioners, in such manner as they shall from time to time prescribe, be sold by the warden, superintendent, master or keeper thereof at not less than the wholesale market price which prevails at the time of sale for goods of the same description and quality; but this provision shall not apply to goods furnished to public institutions for the use of the inmates thereof. The proceeds of such sales shall be paid by the purchasers to the respective institutions from which the goods are delivered. [R. L., c. 225, § 52.]

1329. Supply of articles to institutions. The warden, superintendent, master or keeper of each institution named in section 43 [see paragraph 1313] shall make a full report to the prison commissioners when and as they require relative to the labor of the prisoners. The prison commissioners shall from time to time send to them, to the principal officers of public institutions which are described in section 45 [see paragraph 1330], to the auditor of the commonwealth and to the auditing and disbursing officers of each county and city, a list of such articles and materials as can be produced by the labor of the prisoners. The warden, superintendent, master, keeper or principal officer of any such institution in which such articles or materials are needed shall apply therefor to the prison commissioners upon forms to be provided by them. The prison commissioners shall thereupon forthwith inform him in what institutions they are produced, and he shall purchase them from any institution so designated. If they are needed immediately and are not on hand, the prison commissioners shall forthwith so notify him, and he may purchase them elsewhere; but a bill for articles or materials named in said list which are so purchased shall not be paid unless it is accompanied by a certificate of the prison commissioners that they could not be supplied from any of said institutions. [R. L., c. 225, § 54.]

1330. Articles for use in public departments to be produced by labor of prisoners. The prison commissioners shall, as far as possible, cause such articles and materials as are used in the public institutions, offices and departments of the commonwealth, of the several counties, and of the cities and towns which are established, maintained or supported, wholly or in part, by the appropriation of public money, to be produced by the labor of prisoners in the institutions named in section 43 [see paragraph 1313]. [R. L., c. 225, § 45, as am. by Acts, 1912, c. 565, § 1.]

1331. Certain terms construed. Wherever the words "public institution", appear in the law relative to making goods by the labor of prisoners, as contained in R. L., c. 225 and in Acts, 1910, c. 414, they shall be construed to include every office, department or institution of the commonwealth, of any county, or of any city or town. The words "superintendent, officers and principal officers in charge", as used in said chapters, shall include the heads of all offices and departments. [Acts, 1912, c. 565, § 3.]

1332. City of Boston may purchase prison-made goods. -... Nothing in Acts, 1909, c. 486, § 30, relative to the administration of the city of Boston, shall affect the purchase from the prisons of such articles and materials as may be needed by the public institutions of that city. [Acts, 1910, c. 414, § 6.]

1333. List of articles produced to be furnished, etc. In January of each year the prison commissioners shall send to the auditor of the commonwealth, to the auditing and disbursing officers of the several counties, and to the auditor and treasurer of each city and town, a list of the articles and materials that can be produced by the labor of prisoners for the use of public institutions, offices and departments of the commonwealth, of the counties, and of the cities and towns. No bill for any such articles or materials purchased for the use of said institutions, offices or departments, otherwise than from a prison, or from another institution, shall be allowed or paid unless it is accompanied by a certificate from the prison commissioners showing that a requisition therefor has been made and that the goods cannot be supplied from the prisons. [Acts, 1910, c. 414, § 5, as am. by Acts, 1912, c. 565, § 2.] 1334. Duties of state board of charity relative to certain prison-made goods. The state board of charity, upon the application of the prison commissioners, may establish the style, designs and qualities of the articles and materials to be made. by the labor of prisoners for use in the public institutions of towns, as provided by R. L., c. 225, § 45, as am. by Acts, 1912, c. 565. [Acts, 1913, c. 724.]

1335. Making of goods for the use of public institutions by the labor of prisoners. For the purpose of determining the styles, designs and qualities of articles and materials to be made by the labor of prisoners for use in the public institutions in accordance with R. L., c. 225, § 45 [see paragraph 1330], the superintendents of institutions for the insane, the superintendents of other charitable institutions, and the officers in charge of penal and reformatory institutions, respectively, shall hold meetings annually in October. The day and place of each of said meetings shall be assigned by the prison commissioners who shall give to the officers concerned at least 10 days' notice thereof. If a superintendent or officer in charge is unable to be present at a meeting he may delegate one of his assistants to attend in his behalf. Each meeting shall organize by the choice of a chairman and clerk; and within one week after the meeting, these officers shall formally notify the prison commissioners of the styles, designs and qualities adopted by the meeting for use in each class of institutions. The expense of attending any of said meetings shall be repaid to the respective