band, father, and friend, ib. — his suavity of manner, and its effects on the alliance, 311-his humanity in war, and care of his soldiers, 312-his equanimity when dismissed from office, 313-his magnanimity in judging of others, 315-false imputation against him of being adverse to peace, and fond of money, ib.-moral character of the wars in which he was en- gaged, 319-the objects for which he contended, 320-these identical with those contended for in the re- volutionary war, 323-circumstances which induced the reaction against him, 336-attacks of Swift and the Tory writers on, 342-his overthrow due to these causes, 344-injustice, &c. of the Tory attacks on him, 345 -his views and proposals regarding the crown of Spain, 347-change in the system of war in his time, 374- his peculiar character as a general, 379 - his extraordinary prudence and address, 380-he always maintained the initiative, though generally inferior in force, 381-peculiar nature of war in his time, 382-circumstances which made circumspection necessary in him, 383-compelled to fix the war in Flanders, and to make it ce of sieges, 384-dangers to him from the opposite system, 385- Chesterfield's opinion of him, and reasons why he was underrated during his life, 386 -he was the perfection of genius matured by experience, 387-his great address and suavity of manner, 388-- his character as a statesman, 389-his character in private, 390-his political character after the Revolution, ib.- his faults and weaknesses, 391-cir- cumstances which palliated these faults in him, 392-his elevated ideas in the disposal of money, 393-his magnanimity and humanity, 394-his character as drawn by Adam Smith and Bolingbroke, 395-as one of the five great generals of modern times, 396 cordiality which subsisted be- tween him and Eugene, 397-contrast between them as generals, 400-com- parison between him and Wellington, 422- points of difference between them, 424-opposite circumstances of their soldiers, 425-their respective characteristics, 426-he made more use of cavalry, and why, 428-and was more successful in sieges, 430- causes of these characteristics, ib.-
his character as drawn in contempo- rary records, and as now understood, 435. Marlborough, the duchess of, her cha- racter, i. 9-pension conferred on her by the princess Anne, 19-honours conferred on her by the queen on her accession, 44-the duke's affection for her, and letters to her, 90-opposes her son's entering the army, 120- letter from the queen to her on the death of her son, 122 --letter from the duke to her on Ramilies, 256-the attachment of queen Anne to her, 338-her attachment to the Whigs, 340 effects of her violence in estranging the queen, 341 com- mencement of the decline of her influence at court, 342-urges on the queen the appointment of lord Sun- derland, 343-causes of her anxiety for it, 345-Abigail Hill first recom- mended by her, 355-treachery of Mrs Masham to her, 356-her im- prudent conduct at this time, 357- on the queen's predilection for Mrs Masham, 371- her expressed inten- tion to retire from court, 373-Mrs Masham's ingratitude to her, 374.
Her irritation against the Whig leaders, ii. 8-interview between her and the queen on the death of the prince of Denmark, 9, 10-increasing estrangement of the queen from her, and her imprudent conduct, /70- refuses all reconciliation with Mrs Masham, 133-last interview between her and the queen, 134-her conduct toward the duchess of Shrewsbury, 137-renewed altercations between her and the queen on lord Sunderland's dismissal, 149-letter from her to the queen, and answer of the latter, 150- counsels of the duke to her at this crisis, 154-dismissed from her situa- tions, 166-opposes the duke's taking office after the accession of George I., 263 during the last hours of her husband, 304-provision by his will for her, 308- his affection for her, 310-her subsequent life, devotion to him, and death, 317.
Marlborough Despatches, commencement of the, i. 85.
Marlborough titles and estates, descent of the, ii. 308.
Marsin, marshal, defeated by prince Eugene, i. 77-capture of Augsburg by, 141-forces under, at Blenheim, 163 note, 165-operations there, 169,
Masham, Mrs, afterwards lady, early history and rise of, i. 355-her great influence, 356-her secret influence with the queen, 370-her ingratitude toward the duchess of Marlborough, 374 - her intrigues against Marl- borough, &c., ii. 6-continuation of her intrigues, 69, 72, 74-denuncia- tion of her by Marlborough, 77-he demands her dismissal, but afterwards yields, 78-the duchess refuses all reconciliation with her, 133 - she resolves on the dismissal of lord Sunderland, 141- and on that of Godolphin, 156-succeeds the duchess as mistress of the privy purse, 167— dissensions between her and the duchess of Somerset, 251-alienation of, from Harley, 258.
Matheson, Mr, ambassador to Portugal, i. 124.
Maupertuis, intimacy of Frederick the Great with, ii. 402.
May, brigadier, wounded at Malplaquet, i. 64.
May nwaring, Mr, ii. 235.
Mazeppa, the revolt of, from Peter the
Great, and his junction with Charles XII of Sweden, ii. 90.
Mechlin, surrender of, to the Allies, i. 255.
Medina, sir Solomon, charge of em- bezzlement brought against Marl- borough by, ii. 204.
Mediterranean, progress of the war in the, 1708, ii. 1.
Menin, siege and capture of, by Marl- borough, i. 262. Menzikoff, prince, ii. 95. Merci, count, ii. 101. Mesnager, M., ii. 200.
Meuse, narrow escape of Marlborough from capture on the, i. 105-its great importance to the Netherlands, 110- Villeroi's lines on the, 214-forcing of them by Marlborough, 215. Middleton, lord, an adherent of James II.'s, i. 22.
Milan, provisions of the treaty of Utrecht regarding, ii. 226.
Milanese, the, claimed in 1707 by Austria, i. 325.
Military uniform, introduction of, by Louis XIV., i. 53.
Minden, the victory of, ii. 415. Mindelsheim, the principality of, con-
ferred on Marlborough, i. 189-lost by him after the peace of Rastadt, ii. 247.
Mining, extent to which carried at the siege of Tournay, ii. 33. Minorca, subjugation of, by the Allies in 1708, ii. 1-confirmed to Great Britain by the treaty of Utrecht,
Molesworth, captain, i. 249.
Mollwitz, victory of Frederick the Great at, ii. 404.
Molyneux, Mr, mission of, to Hanover, ii. 256.
Moncart, count, slain at Malplaquet, ii. 64.
Monjuich, fort, capture of, by lord Peterborough, i. 234.
Monmouth, the duke of, his life saved by Marlborough at Maestricht, i. 6— his rebellion, and services of Marl- borough during it, 11.
Mons, recommendation of Marlborough regarding it, i. 21 - movement of Marlborough against it, ii. 36-siege and capture of it by the Allies, 68. Montagu, sir James, made solicitor- general, i. 351.
Montague, the duke of, i. 123-promo-
tion of, on the accession of George I., ii. 264—at Marlborough's funeral, 306. Montague, the duchess of, ii. 264. Montemard, the count de, ii. 295. Montespan, madame de, i. 48. Montesquieu, marshal, defeat of, on the lines of the Scarpe, ii. 114, 115, 118- capture of Arleux by, 189.
Montesquieu on the duke of Berwick, ii. 296.
Montferrat, the, demanded by Savoy, ii. 4.
Monthermer, lord, marriage of Marl- borough's youngest daughter to, i. 123. Montjoie, battalion of, at Almanza, i. 309.
Montpensier alliance, motives of Louis
Philippe for the, ii. 353-the treaty of Utrecht not violated by it, 371. Moors, services of Marlborough against the, i. 4-their expulsion from Spain, 58, 59. Mortagne, capture of, by the Allies, ii. 114-check of the Allies at, 183. Moscow, march of Charles XII. on, ii. 92.
Moselle, operations on the, 1705, i. 208.
Mothe, count de la, forces under, at the opening of the war, i. 92 - forces under him in 1708, 379-capture of Bruges by him, 386-forces under him to cover Ghent, &c., 419-defeat of, at Wynendale, 434-surrender of Ghent by him, 444.
Mother, intellectual power inherited through the, i. 2.
Murcia, subjugation of, by the French, i. 311.
Murray, sir George, the Marlborough Despatches edited by, i. 85.
Murray, lord Charles, taken prisoner at Preston, ii. 276.
Nairn, lord, taken prisoner at Preston,
ii. 276-condemned, but respited, 285. Namur, the capture of, by William III., i. 66-attempt on it by Marlborough,
Nantes, the Edict of, its revocation, and results of this, i. 32, 58-numbers who suffered by it, 33-its effects, 59- how regarded by contemporary Catho- lics, ii. 357.
Naples, expedition of the Austrians against, and its subjugation, i. 315- provisions of the treaty of Utrecht regarding it, ii. 226. Napoleon, see Buonaparte. Narva, the battle of, i. 295, ii. 87. Nassau-Saarbruck, see Saarbruck. National debt, origin of the, under William III., i. 67-its increase under him, ii. 330-its increase under him and Anne, and alarm excited by it, i. 335, ii. 130.
National sins, insensibility to, ii. 357. Natzmer, general, at Oudenarde, i. 398. Naumberg, victory of Frederick the Great at, ii. 406.
Navy, the British, efforts of James II. on behalf of the, i. 71-at different periods outnumbered by those of France and Spain, ii. 350. Navy, the French, improvement of, by Louis XIV., i. 54.
Neer Ische, passage of the Dyle by the Allies at, i. 221. Netherlands, services of Marlborough in the, 1689, i. 20-and again in 1691, 21 -Marlborough appointed to the chief command in them, 28-description of them, 110-political causes which have divided them, 112-causes which have given rise to their fortified cities, 113-effects of these fortresses on the
system of war in them, 114-circum- stances which caused the transfer of the war into them, its slow progress, &c., 197-forces in them on the two sides in 1706, 243-the government of them offered to Marlborough, but declined, 283 views of the Dutch regarding them, 284-agreement re- specting the government of them, 287-plans for the campaign of 1707 in them, 318-opening of it, 319- forces of France in them for the cam- paign of 1708, 379-and those of the Allies, 380-the government of them again offered to and declined by Marlborough, 445-forces of the French in them, 1709, ii. 24-Marl- borough again declines the govern- ment, 106-provisions of the treaty of Utrecht regarding the Spanish provinces, 226-the subsequent sur- render of them by Great Britain to France in 1830, i. 292, ii. 355. Neuburg, forcing of the Rhine by Villars at, i. 317-defeat of the Allies at, ii. 101.
Newcastle, the duke of, ii. 145 note- his intimacy with Harley and Mrs Masham, 151-remains in office after Godolphin's dismissal, 160.
Ney, parallel between his treason and Marlborough's, i. 17.
Nicholas, the emperor, his efforts on be- half of Russia, ii. 100.
Nieuendeim, capture of, by the Allies, i. 262.
Nieuport, attempt of Overkirk on, i. 262.
Nimeguen, services of Marlborough at the siege of, 1672, i. 5—the treaty of, 30, 66-action in front of, 95. Nissa, defeat of the Turks at, i. 291. Nithsdale, lord, taken at Preston, ii. 276
-condemned, but escapes, 285. Noailles, the duke de, defeat of the Austrians at Gerona by, ii. 104-his arrival in Spain, 1710, 173-invests Gerona, 176.
North, Rev. G., curious fact regarding Marlborough recorded by, i. 3 note. Nottingham, the earl of, i. 351.
Obdam, general, part assigned to, in the attack on Antwerp, i. 131-defeated at Eckeren, 133-at the battle of Rami- lies, 250.
Olmutz, repulse of Frederick the Great at, ii. 412.
Orange, the prince of, at Oudenarde, i.
400, 401-aids in covering the great
Orange, the prince of, continued.
convoy for the siege of Lille, 414- operations under him at that siege, 417, 418, 441-at the battle of Mal- plaquet, ii. 53 et seq., 60-defence of his conduct there, 64 et seq.-conducts the siege of Mons, 68-at the siege of Douai, 121-at that of St Venant, 127. Orford, the earl of, placed at the head of the Admiralty, ii. 133-his jealousy toward Marlborough, ib.-145 note— is partly won over by Harley, 151- resigns, 159-restored to office on the accession of George I., 264. Orkney, lord, at the battle of Blenheim,
i. 181-at that of Ramilies, 253-move- ment of, toward Mons, ii. 37-rejoins the main army, 39-at the battle of Malplaquet, 51, 56, 57.
Orleans, the duke of, succeeds Vendôme in Italy, and is defeated by prince Eugene at Turin, i. 77, 270. Ormond, the duke of, becomes lord- lieutenant of Ireland, ii. 159-ap-
pointed to command the auxiliary force after Marlborough's dismissal, 218-ordered by ministers to abstain from active operations, 220-his pro- ceedings under Eugene, 221 — with- drawal of his troops, 226-made com- mander-in-chief under Bolingbroke, 260-is outlawed, retires to France, and joins the Stuarts, 265-attempts to land at Plymouth, but fails, 271. Ostend, design of Marlborough against, i. 130-siege and capture of it by him, 262-march of a convoy for Lille from, 433.
Oudenarde, surrender of, to the Allies
after the battle of Ramilies, i. 255, 259-designs of Vendôme on it, 1708, 385-the siege of it begun by Ven- dôme, 387-description of the field of battle of, 391-forces of the parties at, 395 note-battle of, 395 et seq.-its results, 402-analogy between it and Waterloo, ii. 85-repulse of the French at, i. 440.
Overkirk, marshal, forces under, in 1703, i. 127 threatened by Villeroi, but repels him, 128-operations of Villeroi against him in 1705, 210-junction between him and Marlborough, 212— cordial support given to Marlborough by him, 215, 224-at the forcing of Villeroi's lines on the Meuse, 216- his magnanimity toward Marlborough, 218 at the battle of Ramilies, 248- ability, &c. of his conduct there, 254-
capture of Nieuendeim, &c. by him, 261-conducts the siege of Ath, 266- the command left with him during Marlborough's absence, 267 — again commands during the illness of Marl- borough, 388-at the battle of Ouden- arde, 399, 400-his death, and sketch of his character, 447.
Oxenstiern, general, at the battle of Oudenarde, i. 400 at that of Mal- plaquet, ii. 53-killed there, 64. Oxford, earl of, see Harley.
Palatinate, ravages of the French in the, 1707, i. 317.
Palmer, general, ii. 5.
Pantheon, the, due to Louis XIV., i. 57. Paris, the public buildings of, under Louis XIV., i. 57-plan of Eugene for advancing to, in 1712, ii. 219. Parliament, the British, supplies voted by, for the campaign of 1703, i. 118— for that of 1705, 193, 240-honours conferred on Marlborough by, 289– outcry against him in, 1707, 361- his reception in, after the campaign of Oudenarde, ii. 6-supplies voted for 1709, 25-reception of Marlborough in, after the battle of Malplaquet, 73-supplies voted for 1712, 74-dis- solution of, and majority for Harley and the Tories in the new one, 162- meeting of, and reception of Marl- borough, 165-answer of Marlborough in, to the charge of having endea- voured to protract the war, 207-de- nunciation of the treaty of Utrecht in, 222 that treaty approved by it, and its prorogation, 226-character of the new one, and state of parties in it, its contradictory proceedings,
Party, impossibility of governing inde- pendent of, 360. Paschal, M., governor of Brussels, i. 439. Pasquini, governor of Namur, i. 243. Passau, capture of, by the Bavarians, i. 141.
Patkul, count, the execution of, by Charles XII., ii. 87.
Peace, the secret negotiations between Great Britain and France for, in 1711, ii. 199-its preliminaries agreed to, 200-its conditions as finally arranged at Utrecht, 225.
Peers, house of, opposition in, to the allowance to prince George of Den- mark, i. 119-trial of Dr Sacheverell before the, and excitement attending it, ii. 75-majority in the, against the
Tory ministry on the peace, 209- swamped by a new creation, 212- debate in the, on the treaty of Utrecht, 222-and division, 226-motion in the, regarding the succession, 254-trial and acquittal of Oxford before the, 265, 301.
Pelham, sir Thomas, made baron, i. 351. Pendergast, sir John, wounded at Mal- plaquet, ii. 64.
Perth, capture of, by the rebels in 1715, ii. 272.
Perugia, capture of, by the Allies, ii. 4. Petcum, Dutch agent at the conferences of Gertruydenberg, ii. 101. Peter the Great, system of defence adopted against Charles XII. by, ii. 89 et seq.-defeats Levenhaupt, 91-his victory at Pultowa, 93-sketch of his character and career, 96 et seq.-his errors, and delusions regarding him, 98-real character of the changes in- troduced by him, 99.
Peter III. of Russia, alliance of, with Frederick the Great, ii. 418. Peterborough, lord, letter from, to Marl-
borough on the death of his son, i. 123 -operations under, in Spain, during 1705, 234-attempts to raise the siege of Barcelona, 274-his further move- ments, 275-resigns his command in Spain, ib.-proposal by him regard- ing Spain, 362.
Peterwardein, defeat of the Turks by prince Louis of Baden at, i. 292-the victory of Eugene at, ii. 398. Pfiffer, general, at Oudenarde, i. 394. Pharsalia, small force engaged at, i. 310. Philip V., the duke of Anjou crowned king of Spain as, i. 40-enthusiasm in Spain on his behalf, and his gallant declaration, ii. 103 et seq.-independent position in consequence assumed by him, 104-defeats sustained in Cata- lonia in 1710, 172-abandons Madrid, ib.-vigorous efforts made by him, 173 -occupies Almarez, 176-Spain sur- rendered to him by the preliminaries of the treaty of Utrecht, 200-condi- tions of the final treaty with regard to him, 225. Piedmont, campaign of 1709 in, and its abortive result, ii. 101. Piper, count, i. 301 note-his reception of Marlborough, 302-pension be- stowed on him, 305-his correspond- ence with Marlborough from Russia, ii. 89-urges on Charles XII. retreat from Russia, 92-taken after Pultowa, 95,
Pirna, capture of the intrenched camp of, by Frederick the Great, ii. 408. Plassendael, capture of, by the French, i. 386-abandoned by them, 445. Poland, a member of the coalition against Charles XII. of Sweden, i. 297-the dethronement of the king by him, 295, ii. 87.
Political crimes not justly punishable with death, ii. 286.
Pope, his admiration of Bolingbroke, ii. 339. Popery, Louis XIV. the embodiment of, i. 62- Marlborough's wars directed against its supremacy, ii. 319.
Popish party, schemes and views of the, under Louis XIV., i. 31-their attacks on Protestantism in Great Britain and France, 33.
Popish writers, character of Louis XIV. as drawn by, i. 46.
Popoli, the duke de, ii. 292.
Port Mahon, capture of, by the British, ii. 1.
Portugal joins the alliance against France, i. 124-refusal of the government to allow their troops to advance toward Madrid in 1710, ii. 175.
Portuguese cavalry, conduct of the, at Almanza, i. 309.
Portuguese troops, bad conduct of the, ii. 105.
Poulett, lord, becomes first lord of the treasury, ii. 159-challenge from Marl- borough to him, 224.
Prague, victory of Frederick the Great at, ii. 410.
Press, the Tory writers in, and their in- fluence, ii. 342.
Preston, surrender of the English Jaco- bites at, 1715, ii. 275. Pretender, the, recognition of, by Louis XIV., i. 41-attempt at invasion by him in 1708, 371-380-at the battle of Malplaquet, ii. 60-is wounded there, 64-present with the army of Villars in 1710, and impression made by him, 185-his landing in 1715 in Scotland, 281-his reception and diffi- culties, 282-re-embarks for France, 284.
Prior the poet, ingratitude of, to Marl- borough, i. 351.
Protestant writers, character of Louis XIV. as drawn by, i. 46. Protestantism, efforts for the extinction of, in England, under James II., and in France under Louis XIV., i. 32— William III. the embodiment of it, 62
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