therewith. There is no possibility of combining this study with plans embodying improvement for water power, flood control, or any other purpose involving the control and conservation of water resources. Improvement of Winchester Bay for navigation will have no appreciable effect on adjacent shore lines.

3. Report under review.-The report of the Chief of Engineers, dated December 19, 1941, and contained in the Senate document named in the above resolution, concurred in the recommendation of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors for modification of the existing project for Umpqua River, Oreg., to provide a channel from deep water in the river to the vicinity of the docks at Winchester Bay, with a mooring and turning basin at the inner end, at an estimated first cost of $44,000, with $1,000 annually for maintenance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. The project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945.

4. Description.-Umpqua River rises in the Cascade Range of southern Oregon. From the junction of its principal tributaries, the North and South Forks near Roseburg, Oreg., the river flows in a general northwesterly direction for 120 miles and empties into the Pacific Ocean, 180 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. The drainage area of the basin embraces 4,500 square miles of generally rugged, heavily timbered country. Tides at the entrance to the river have a mean range of about 6.9 feet and an extreme range of about 11 feet. Tidal effect extends up the river 28 miles to Scottsburg, Oreg., which is also the head of small-boat navigation. The river has been improved for navigation by construction of jetties at the mouth, together with a channel suitable for oceangoing vessels from the mouth to Reedsport, a distance of 11.5 miles, and a turning basin at Reedsport. Due to wartime conditions and lack of funds, the entrance and river channel have not been maintained during recent years. A survey made in June 1946 indicates controlling depths of 13 and 15 feet, respectively, in the entrance and in the river channel below Reedsport.

5. Coos Bay, 21 miles to the south, which has been improved for ocean-going vessels by the construction of jetties at the entrance and by channel dredging, is the nearest port to Umpqua River. Twentysix miles to the north, the entrance and lower channel of Siuslaw River have been improved by the construction of jetties and dredging. The project provides for a depth of only 8 feet at the entrance, which is not sufficient even at high tide to accommodate fishing boats during ordinary winter conditions. Forty-nine miles farther north, the improved Yaquina Bay entrance channel, with project depth of 20 feet, provides access to harbor facilities at Newport.

6. Winchester Bay, a small unimproved inlet, lies on the left side of Umpqua River about 2 miles above its mouth. The shore-line indentation at this point is roughly rectangular in shape, and the area includes about 275 acres of tide flats ranging in elevation from 1 to 5 feet above mean lower low water. A narrow channel, some 2,000 feet long and 5 to 8 feet deep at mean lower low water, runs southeasterly from deep water in the river at mile 2 to a public landing and privately owned wharf and fish-packing plant at the town of Winchester Bay. At its inner end, depths in the channel range from 11⁄2 to 4 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey chart No. 6004 and map herewith.)

7. Tributary area. -The area tributary to Winchester Bay is considered to be the town of Winchester Bay and immediate vicinity, which includes an area of about 10 square miles. The town of Winchester Bay, which had a population in 1940 of about 300, is conveniently located with respect to ocean and river fishing grounds, and these activities form the principal sources of income for the community. Umpqua River is a leading salmon stream, and recreational sport fishing also contributes to the welfare of the community. Moorage space for a small number of boats of light draft is available within the bay. The packing plant has facilities for the manufacture of ice, cold storage, and sharp freezing, with capacity of 750 tons of fish. This is the only industrial plant in the area. The nearest towns are Reedsport, with population of 1,421 in 1940, located 5 miles north via the Oregon coast highway (US 101), and Gardiner, with population of about 400, located 2 miles farther north on the same route.

8. A branch line of the Southern Pacific Co., extending from Eugene, Oreg., to Cushman on the Siuslaw River, thence southerly to Reedsport and Coos Bay points, is the only railroad serving this part of Oregon. The railroad does not pass through Winchester Bay. The Oregon coast highway (U S 101) crosses the Umpqua River between Gardiner and Reedsport and continues southerly to Winchester Bay, thence south along the coast. The Umpqua River highway (Oregon 38) extends easterly from Reedsport to the Pacific highway (US 99) at Drain, Oreg.

9. Bridges.-Three bridges span the navigable portion of Umpqua River, all of which are located above Winchester Bay and would not be affected by improvements under consideration in this report. Pertinent data regarding these structures, which were constructed under Government permits, are shown in the following tabulation:

10. Prior reports.-Umpqua River and Harbor have been the subject of a number of previous examination and survey reports considering improvement of the stream for navigation. Only one of these. reports, the report under review, contained in Senate Document No. 191, Seventy-seventh Congress, second session, has considered improvement of Winchester Bay. The recommendations contained in that report form the basis for the present project for improvement of Winchester Bay.

11. Existing project. The existing project for improvement of Umpqua Harbor and River for navigation was adopted by various river and harbor acts, the latest being that of March 2, 1945. The

project provides for jetties 1,800 feet apart at the entrance; an entrance channel 26 feet deep; a river channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the entrance to Reedsport, a distance of about 11 miles; a turning basin 1,000 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 22 feet deep at Reedsport; a side channel 22 feet deep from the main river channel to the docks at Gardiner; a fishing-boat channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Winchester Bay; together with turning basins at Gardiner and Winchester Bay. The existing project is 96 percent complete; the remaining work required to complete the project being the construction of authorized navigation channels to Gardiner and Winchester Bay. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1946, have been $3,859,657.64, of which $2,388,706.06 was for new work and $1,470,951.58 for maintenance. The latest (1945) approved estimate for annual costs of maintenance is $196,000, including jetty mainte

nance.

12. The existing project modification to include improvement of Winchester Bay, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (as listed above), provides for the construction of a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from deep water in the Umpqua River to the vicinity of the docks in Winchester Bay, with a mooring and turning basin at the inner end 10 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long, at an estimated first cost of $44,000, with $1,000 annually for maintenance, subject to the provision that the State of Oregon, or other local interests, contribute $10,000 to the first cost, furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for spoil disposal for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims and damages resulting from the improvement. No funds have yet been allotted for improvement of Winchester Bay.

13. Existing local cooperation.-Provisions of local cooperation, described above, have not been complied with. The matter has not, however, been brought to a final determination as Federal funds have not yet been allotted for any work.

14. Other improvements.-Douglas County, with the assistance of the port of Umpqua, constructed a public landing in Winchester Bay in 1940, at a cost of about $10,000, and private interests in 1939 invested some $60,000 in a wharf and fish plant. These are the only improvements constructed by local interests in Winchester Bay.

15. The port of Umpqua contributed $276,500 toward construction of the north jetty at the entrance to Umpqua River; constructed a dredge in 1923, at a cost of $115,000; and in 1924 expended $42,600 in deepening the river channel between the entrance and Reedsport. 16. Terminal and transfer facilities.—The public landing, located at the northerly end of Winchester Bay, consists of a float landing 180 feet long and 15 feet wide, having a wooden pile-and-timber shore connection some 800 feet long. A hand winch provides the only facility for transfer of cargo. Parallel to and about 100 feet south of the public landing, a privately owned pile-and-timber structure 840 feet long has a fish-packing plant and a warehouse at its outer end, together with marine services including water, electricity, gasoline, oil, ice, and a power-driven winch for transfer of cargo. A gravel road at the northerly end of the town connects these facilities with the main arterial highway (US 101) along the coast. The use of these landings is open to all on equal terms. Ample space is available for the de

a 40-foot channel over the bar and into Winchester Bay, with a 500foot turning basin of the same depth. Supporting data were lacking, however, and the proposal is not considered in this report. The majority of local interests are desirous of obtaining practicable improvements to facilitate navigation by commercial fishing boats only, and a deep-water harbor at this point could not be justified.

22. Local interests offered to cooperate in the further improvement of Winchester Bay to the extent of providing additional terminal facilities within the bay and areas for the disposal of dredged spoil for the initial work and subsequent maintenance. In this connection, a representative of the port of Umpqua stated that in view of the fact that the port was planning to spend at least $10,000, in addition to funds already expended, on terminal facilities in the bay, it was felt that the provision of the existing project requiring the contribution of $10,000 by local interests toward the first cost of improvement should be rescinded. (See accompanying transcript of public hearing,1) 23. Commerce.-Commerce on the Umpqua River between the entrance and Reedsport, including oceangoing traffic of which there has been none since 1942, has consisted principally of the movement of rafted logs, sand and gravel, and lumber as indicated in the following comparative statement of traffic covering the last 5 years:

24. Published data showing past commerce in Winchester Bay are not available. Statements and other information secured from local interests, however, indicate that its commerce has consisted principally of the movement of salmon and crab catches obtained by the local fishing fleet and transient fishermen who are able to use the bay. The bay was once used for the movement of logs, but timber in the area tributary to Winchester Bay has been cut off and there is no immediate prospect of further movement of logs. During the last 4 years the volume of commerce has been reported as follows:

25. The size of the fishing fleet, weather conditions along the coast, and navigation conditions in the bay and in the connecting Umpqua River channel and entrance are the principal factors affecting the amount of prospective commerce in Winchester Bay. Given adequate navigation and normal weather conditions, it is estimated that with improvement as desired by local interests, at least 750 tons of salmon and 650 tons of crabs will be received annually in the bay.

Not printed.