nec non eo præsente, qui adoptat, solvitur quidem jus potestatis patris naturalis; transit autem in hujusmodi parentem adoptivum; in cujus persona et adoptionem esse plenissimam antea diximus. the presence of the adoptor, then does the right of paternal power pass wholly from the natural father to the adoptive, in whose person, as we have before observed, adoption has its fullest extent. DE NEPOTE NATO POST FILIUM EMANCIPATUM. IX. Illud scire oportet, quod si nurus tua ex filio tuo conceperit, et filium tuum emancipaveris, vel in adoptionem dederis, prægnante nuru tua, nihilominus, quod ex ea nascitur, in potestate tua nascitur. Quod si post emancipationem vel adoptionem conceptus fuerit, patris sui emancipati, vel avi adoptivi, potestati subjicitur. 9. It is necessary to be known, that, if a son's wife hath conceived, and you afterwards emancipate that son or give him in adoption, his wife being pregnant, the child will be born under your paternal authority. But if the conception be subsequent to the emancipation or adoption, the child becomes subject at his birth, either to his emancipated father, or his adoptive grand-father. DEFINITIO ET ETYMOLOGIA TUTORIS. II. Tutores autem sunt, qui eam vim ac potestatem habent; exque ipsa re nomen acceperunt. Itaque appellantur tutores, quasi tuitores atque defensores; sicut æditui dicuntur, qui ædes tuen tur. 2. Tutors are those, who have this authority and power; and they take their name from the nature of their office. For they are called tutors, quasi tuitores defenders; as, those who have the care of the sacred buildings, are called æditui, quod ædes tueantur. QUIBUS TESTAMENTO TUTOR DATUR: ET PRIMUM, DE LIBERIS IN POTESTATE. III.Permissum est itaque parentibus liberis impuberibus, quos in potestate habent, testamento tutores dare: et hoc in filios filiasque procedit omnimodo: nepotibus vero neptibusque ita demum parentes possunt testamento tutores dare, si post mortem eorum in potestatem patris sui non sunt recasuri. Itaque, si filius tuus, mortis tuæ tempore in potestate tua sit, nepotes ex eo non poterunt ex testamento tuo tutores habere, quamvis in potestate tua fuerint: scilicet, quia, mortuo te, in potestatem patris sui recasuri sunt. 3. Parents may assign tutors by testament to such of their children as are not arrived at puberty, and are under their power. And this privilege extends without exception over sons and daughters. But grand-fathers can only give tutors to their grand-children, when these cannot fall under the power of their father, after the death of their grand-father. Hence, if your son is in your power at the time of your death, your grand-children by that son can not receive tutors by your testament, although they were actually in your power; because at your decease they will become subject to their father. autem alienus pure inutiliter testamento datur tutor: sed ita, cum liber erit utiliter datur. Proprius autem servus inutiliter eo modo tutor datur. DE FURIOSO ET MINORE II. Furiosus, vel minor vi ginti-quinque annis, tutor testamento datus, tutor tunc erit, cum compos mentis, aut major viginti-quinque annis, fuerit factus. QUIBUS MODIS III. Ad certum tempus, vel ex certo tempore, vel sub conditione, vel ante hæredis institutionem, posse dari tutorem non dubitatur. slave to be free, by testament appoints him, as such, to be a tutor, the appointment will not avail. Also the absolute appointment of another man's slave to be a tutor is altogether ineffectual; but, if the appointment is upon condition, that the person appointed obtains his freedom, then it is well made: but, if a man by testament appoints his own slave to be a tutor, when he shall obtain his liberty, the appointment will be void." VIGINTI-QUINQUE ANNÍS. § 2. If a madman or a minor (under twenty-five) is by testament appointed tutor, the one shall begin to act, when he becomes of sound mind, and the other, when he has completed his twenty-fifth year. TUTORES DANTUR. 3. It is not doubted, but that a testamentary tutor may be appointed either until a certain time, or from a certain time, or conditionally, or before the institution of an heir. CUI DANTUR. IV. Certæ autem rei, vel causæ, tutor dari non potest; quia personæ, non causæ, vel rei, tutor datur. 4. A tutor can not be assigned to any particular thing, or upon any certain account, but can only be given to persons. DE TUTORE DATO FILIABUS, VEL FILIIS, VEL LIBERIS, VEL NEPOTIBUS. V. Si quis filiabus suis, vel filiis, tutores dederit, etiam posthumæ vel posthumo dedisse videtur: quia, filii vel filiæ appellatione, et posthumus et posthuma continentur. Quod si nepotes sint, an appellatione filiorum et 5. If a man nominates a tutor for his sons or daughters, the nomination extends to his posthumous issue; because, under the appellation of son or daughter, a posthumous child is comprehended. But, are grand-chil I. Sunt autem agnati cognati, per virilis sexus cognationem conjuncti, quasi a patre cognati: veluti frater ex eodem patre natus, fratris filius, neposve ex eo item patruus et pratrui filius, neposve ex eo. At, qui per fœminini sexus personas cognatione junguntur, agnati non sunt, sed alias naturali jure cognati. Itaque amitæ tuæ filius non est tibi agnatus, sed cognatus: et invicem tu illi eodem jure conjungeris: quia, qui ex ea nascunter, patris, non matris, familiam sequuntur. 1. Agnati are those, who are collaterally related to us by males, as a brother by the same father, or the son of a brother, or by him a grand-son; also a father's brother, or the son of such brother, or by him a grand-son. But those, who are related to us by a female are not agnate, but cognate, bearing only a natural relation to us. Thus the son of a father's sister is related to you not by agnation, but cognation; and you are also related to him by cognation; for the children of a father's sister, follow the family of their father, and not that of their mother. |