charged with the enforcemnt of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201 inclusive.

Water Supply. Section 1636-197. Every apartment house, tenement house, lodging or boarding house shall have water furnished in sufficient quantity at one or more places on each floor occupied by one or more families provided the said apartment, tenement, lodging or boarding house is located on a street or alley supplied with the city water pipes. When said building is not so situated a sufficient supply of wholesome water shall be provided on a part of the lot where it will not be contaminated from closets, barns, garbage or other sources of impurity.

Enforcement.

Section 1636-198. In addition to the officers now charged by law with the enforcement of the statutes, it shall be the duty of the commissioner of health and building inspector in cities, to enforce the provisions of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201, inclusive, and such officers are hereby clothed with full authority and power for such purposes.

Section 1636-199. Every person who shall violate or assist in violating, or who shall fail to comply with any of the provisions of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201, inclusive, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be subject to a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than two hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail, workhouse or house of correction, not less than fifteen days nor more than sixty days. or by both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court. Every person who shall continue to violate or assist in violating or who shall continue to fail, neglect or refuse to comply with any of the provisions of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201, inclusive, after having been so convicted for violating, assisting in violating or failing to comply therewith, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be subject to imprisonment in the county jail, workhouse or house of correction not less than sixty days nor more than six months.

Section 1636-200. Any building or portion thereof constructed, remodeled, removed or used as a tenement, lodging or boarding house or in the process of construction, remodeling or removal therefore contrary to or in violation of the provisions of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201, inclusive, is hereby declared a nuisance. Any officer charged with the duty of enforcing the provisions of sections 1636-180 to 1636-201, inclusive, who shall receive information that any such nuisance exists shall forthwith examine such building, portion thereof, or premises, and upon determining that such nuisance exists he shall notify the owner, occupant or agent thereof and the architect or contractor, if any, having charge of such construction, remodeling or removing of the same, to abate such nuisance within a time to be specified in such notice, which notice shall further state the character of such nuisance and the determination of such officer. If such notice is not complied with within the time provided thereby and the nuisance shall continue unabated, the said officer shall cause such nuisance to be abated by the proper action, order and judgment in the circuit court of the county in which such build'ng or premises is located. It shall be the duty of the district attorney of such county to institute and prosecute such action.

Service of notice. Section 1636-201. 1. Every owner or lessee, or other person having control of a tenement house shall file with the board of health a notice containing his name and address,

and also a description of the property, by street and number or otherwise, as the case may be, in such manner as will enable the board easily to find the apartment, and the number of families occupying the apartments. In case of the sale or conveyance of any tenement house it shall be the duty of the grantor or grantee to file with said board within thirty days a notice of the same. stating the name of the new owner. In case of the devolution of such property by will or otherwise, it shall be the duty of the executor, heirs, guardian, or administrator, as the case may be, to file with said board within thirty days a notice stating the death of the deceased owner and the names of those who have succeeded to his interest in said property.

2. Every notice or order in relation to tenement house shall be served five days before the time of doing that in relation to which it shall have been issued; the posting of a copy of such notice or order in a conspicuous place in the tenement house, together with the mailing of a copy thereof, on the same day that it is posted, to each person, if any, whose name has been filed with said board in accordance with this section, at his address as therewith filed, shall be sufficient service thereof, and if the name of the owner or agent has not been filed in accordance with this section, then the posting of a copy of such notice or order as herein provided shall be sufficient service thereof.

OTHER SANITATION LAWS

Many of the laws administered by the State Board of Health and local boards of health relate directly or indirectly to sanitation in places of employment. A complete compilation of all of these laws can be secured from the State Board of Health.

Among the more important provisions relating to sanitation in public buildings and places of employment included in these laws are the following:

Sub-section 1 of section 1416-4a makes it "the duty of the owner and occupant, and every person in charge of any public or quasipublic institution, dispensary, railroad station, office building, store, theater restaurant, hotel, boarding or lodging house, factory, workshop or other building, used in a public or quasi-public manner, to keep the same in a clean and sanitary condition."

Section 1418t makes it "unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to furnish, or to permit the use of, the common drinking cup on railroad trains, in railroad stations, in any state or other public building on the streets or in public parks, in the public, parochial or private schools or in other educational institutions, in hotels and lodging houses, theaters, department stores, barber shops or in such other places or buildings in the state as the state board of health may find the use therein of the common drinking cup to be inimical to the public health."

Section 1407a-6 gives the State Board of Health power "to make sanitary inspections and surveys in all parts of the state and, after due notice. to enter upon and inspect private property in regard to the presence of cases of infectious and contagious diseases and to determine the cause and source of disease; to regulate and prescribe, by means of rules and regulations, the character and

location of plumbing, drainage, water supply, disposal of sewerage, garbage or other waste material; the sanitary condition of streets, alleys, outhouses, cesspools and all sanitary features connected therewith."

Attention is also directed to special statutes and regulations of the State Board of Health relating to the construction and operation of slaughterhouses, sanitation in barber shops, the sanitary regulation of hotels and restaurants, and the state plumbing code. Copies of statutes and regulations applicable to these industries can be secured from the State Board of Health.

The State Board of Health has also adopted and published a code of regulations establishing a minimum sanitary standard concerning the construction and operation of industrial camps. These regulations apply to all industrial camps established for the purpose of logging, ice cutting, road building or other work requiring the maintenance of camps for men engaged in such work, but do not apply to buildings used or intended to be used as "dormitories", which are governed by the state building code (pp. 63-115).

Sanitary regulation of bakeries and confectioneries. The laws relating to this subject are to be found in sections 1410d to 1410d8, inclusive, and 4608; of the statutes. Until 1917 these laws were administered by the Industrial Commission, but they are now administered by the Dairy and Food Commission and can be secured from that department.

Sanitation in railroad depots. The following sections of the statutes relate to sanitary conditions in depots: 1797-9, 1801p-1801r.

Reporting of occupational diseases. Section 1022-53m. 1. Every medical practitioner in this state attending on or called in to visit a patient whom he believes to be suffering from poisoning from lead, phosphorous arsenic or mercury or their compounds or from compressed air illness, contracted as a result of the nature of the patient's employment shall send to the secretary of the state board of health and bureau of vital statistics a notice, stating the name and full postal address and place of employment of the patient and the disease from which, in the opinion of the medical practitioner, the patient is suffering.

2. If any medical practitioner fails to comply with the provisions of this section, he shall be liable to a fine not exceeding ten dollars.

3. It shall be the duty of the commissioner of labor and industrial statistics to enforce the provisions of this section, and he may call upon the state and local boards of health for assistance.

4

GENERAL ORDERS ON SAFETY

Order 1-Belts-Guards. All belts, ropes or chains driving machinery or shafting, and all secondary belts, ropes, or chains; in short all belts, ropes or chains, exposed to contact, except belts which are so small or those which move so slowly that there is no possibility of danger, must be guarded.

In all cases the point where the belt, rope or chain runs on to the pulley, sheave or sprocket, must be guarded.

All horizontal belts, ropes or chains driving machinery or shafting, seven feet or less from the floor, where exposed to contact, must be guarded.

Order 2-Pulleys-Guards. All pulleys over 18 inches in diameter, which are exposed to contact, must be guarded.

Order 3-Loose Pulleys. All machines, not individually motor driven, must be equipped with a loose pulley or a clutch or some other adequate means of stopping the machinery quickly.

Order 4-Belt-Shifters.

All loose pulleys must be furnished with

a permanent belt shifter, so located as to be within easy reach of the operator. The belt-shifter, must be so constructed as to make it impossible for the belt to creep from the loose pulley back on the tight pulley.

All belt shifters must be equipped with a lock or some other efficient device which will prevent the shifter from being accidentally shifted.

Order 5-Pulleys near Shaft Hanger. Pulleys must be so placed as to allow the width of the belt between two pulleys, or between the pulley and the shaft hanger, or a hook must be provided, or a guard placed adjacent to the pulley to prevent the belt from leaving the pulley.

Order 6-Clutches. All clutches must be guarded.

Order 7-Swinging Doors-Windows. All swinging doors in stairways and all doors swinging both ways in general passageways must be equipped with windows. One window must be provided for each section of double swinging doors. Both sides of the doors must be provided with adequate light, either natural or artificial, during the hours of active operations in the department in which said swinging doors are located. The windows must be kept free from dirt or other obstructions to the vision.

Order 8-Emery Wheels, Hoods and Guards. Emery wheels used for grinding purposes must be equipped with a hood connected with an exhaust fan or water system. A guard must be provided, as a part of the hood construction or in addition to the hood, which shall be strong enough to withstand the shock of a bursting wheel. This guard must be adjusted close to the wheel and extend over the top of the wheel to a point 30 degrees beyond a vertical line drawn through the center of the wheel. The exhaust or water system is not required on emery wheels which are in general use

by all the employes in common to touch up tools or castings, or emery wheels used for sharpening saws.

Order 9-Flywheels.

All sections of flywheels, with spokes, which are 6 feet or less from the floor and which are exposed to contact must be guarded. Flywheels which run in pits must be pro

vided with toe boards around the pit. Exception. Where an engine is isolated in a room used exclusively as an engine room the flywheel of such engine may be guarded with a railing. This railing must be not less than 30 inches in height and must be constructed with two rails, the bottom rail of which must be not less than 18 inches from the floor.

Order 10-Friction Drives. The contact faces of all friction drives, when exposed to contact, must be enclosed.

All arm or spoke friction drives and all web friction drives with holes in the web, when such friction drives are over 18 inches in diameter, and exposed to contact, must be entirely enclosed. All friction drives with projecting bolts where exposed to contact, must be guarded.

Order 11-Gears. All gears, where exposed to contact, must be entirely enclosed or equipped with a flange guard which must enclose the teeth of the gears. All arm or spoke gears and all web gears with holes in the web, which are over 18 inches in diameter, where exposed to contact, must be entirely enclosed.

Order 12-Keys and Keyseats. All projecting keys in shafting, where exposed to contact, must be cut off or guarded, and all keyseats in end of shafts, where exposed to contact, must be filled or guarded. Exception. Keyseats on mach nes where it is impossible to guard or fill the keyseats without interfering with the operation of the machine, and where such keyseats are in shafts which are so small or run so slowly that there is no danger.

Order 13-Ladder with Steel Points. All portable ladders must be equipped with steel points or steel feet on the bottom or other effective means of preventing slipping.

Order 14—Passageways—Keep Clear. All passageways and gangways must be kept smooth and in good repair and free from nails or obstructions over which persons may stumble and fall.

Order 15-Platforms with Stairways or Stationary Ladders. Al permanent elevated platforms in frequent use must be equipped with a permanent stairway or stationary ladder. Ladders other than stepladders, used to gain access to elevated platforms not frequently used, must be provided with safety hooks at the top.

Order 16-Runways and Platforms, Rails and Toe Boards. All elevated walks, runways or platforms, except on loading or unloading side of platforms, must be provided with a guard rail. A toe board must be provided to prevent parts from falling off.

Order 17-Set Screws. All set screws on moving parts, where exposed to contact, must be countersunk or protected by a solid collar, or a headless set screw must be used. No part of the set screws must project above the surface.

Order No. 18. Covering Shafting, has been amended to read: "All transmission shafting located in places of employment, where exposed to contact, must be guarded."