Lessons on the globes

some time engaged on it, (to the exclusion of a desired acquaintance with the appearances of the heavens,) are still possessed of very ambiguous notions respecting even the circumstances more immediately connected with the daily rotation of the Earth.

How far the great object of distinctness has been attained in the following treatise, the Author must leave to the decision of the unprejudiced instructor. It has been his earnest endeavour throughout, to enlist the judgment of the pupil in the attainment of what he conceives the principal objects of this department of study :-the correction of the misconceptions which early observant childhood will be found, in almost every instance, to have formed;—and the acquirement of the information generally sought for with eagerness at the time of life at which attention is given to the globes, that interesting period when" attention is drawn from the discovery of what is new, to the examination of what is familiar, and the great work of comparison begins."

Something of the introductory nature of the Definitions and Illustrations, given in Class 1, (pp. 1-24), he has found indispensable, especially in the instruction of Young Ladies. The Definitions, &c., Class 2, are almost entirely new, and have been so arranged that they may be read as a kind of epitome.

The number of Problems and Exercises does not amount to sixty; but the converse of a problem is often embodied with it.

By a very early introduction of the Celestial Globe, the Terrestrial Globe has been kept to its purpose as an efficient representative of our planet: the circumstances of its surface being considered, first, in reference to Fixed Stars

PREFACE.

of very different declination; and, then, in reference to the varying declination of the Sun.

In the first two sections of Problems several new ones will be found; and the rules and arrangement of others differ considerably from what has hitherto been given. Several adaptations in the third section the Author may call almost entirely his own :-the subject of the Trade Winds has not, he believes, been yet introduced into this branch of instruction; and the results of Precession have been only very slightly touched upon before. He feels that, in dealing with such subjects, he has been treading on delicate ground; but he hopes that his illustrations and deductions may be considered to be fair, and equally instructive and important with those to which lessons on the globes have hitherto been confined.

With regard to the Appendix, the usefulness of the earlier rhymings has been tested. The few last pages must have the plea of good intention for their introduction. It is hoped that no critic eye will seek to discover in them a pretension to any degree of poetic merit. Appropriate extracts could not be gathered, in sufficient diversity, from our English Classics; and the concluding piece was designed only on this account, and to serve the purpose of familiar and connected illustration and reference.

It is the Author's practice, where time admits, to read, at the giving of each lesson, a few pages of the scientific notices. It is hoped, too, especially with the aid of the copious index, that these notices, as well as the familiar Illustrations of Class 1, may be found to interest the pupil in leisure hours.

LEWISHAM,

21st March, 1842.

PUBLISHED BY THE SAME AUTHOR ;

LESSONS IN PLAIN PENMANSHIP,

ON THE SYSTEM LONG EMPLOYED WITH SUCCESS IN THE

LITTLE TOWER STREET ACADEMY.

SECOND EDITION.

In Two Parts, separately done up in Paper Covers, price 2s. 6d. ; or in Cloth, with Leather backs, price 3s. 6d.

Attention is especially invited to the introductory illustrations ; and the directions given in the pages accompanying the separate copylines of Part I. of these Lessons.

INDEX TO PROBLEMS.*

PROBLEMS. SECT. I.

RELATING TO THE EARTH'S SURFACE, AND TO ITS DIURNAL

ROTATION.

PROB.

I. TER. GL.-To find the distance between two places

II. T.-To find the latitude of a given place

III. T.-To find the difference of latitude between any two

places

PAGE

IV. CEL. AND T.-To find the declination of a given star,

and the places which pass directly underneath it, as

the earth rotates

V. T.—The declination of a star, &c., being given (or the

latitude in which it culminates vertically), to find to

what places it is constantly above the horizon, and

where it cannot rise

VI. T.-Having the declination of a star, and the place to

which it is appearing to pass vertically, to find all

those places to which it is at that instant rising, and

what portion of the time of each diurnal rotation of

our earth certain of those places severally spend in

that star's beams

VII. T.-Having the declination of a star, to find at what

altitude the star appears to the inhabitants of a given

place after the lapse of a certain portion of time

from its rising

VIII. C.-A certain star being in the zenith of a certain

place, to find the amplitude of any stars rising or

setting there; and the azimuth, at that instant, of

any stars that may then be above the horizon

IX. T.-A place being given, with the angle of position or

apparent bearing of another place of given distance,

to find that place

X. T. and C.-A place being given at which a certain star

is culminating vertically, to find those places where

certain other stars are vertical at that instant

* If, on account of a limitation of time, it should be found absolutely neces-
sary to abridge the Course of Problems, the Author would recommend the
omission only of the following ;-viz. of Sect. I., Probs. 1, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13:-
Of Sect. II., Probs. 1, 7, 8, 12, and the Exercises on pp. 160-164 :-Of Sect.
III., Probs. E and Z. But the Definitions, &c., prefixed to all these Problems,
must, notwithstanding, be attentively regarded.