The Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and Petro-StatesUniversity of California Press, 10. okt. 1997 - 342 sider The Paradox of Plenty explains why, in the midst of two massive oil booms in the 1970s, oil-exporting governments as different as Venezuela, Iran, Nigeria, Algeria, and Indonesia chose common development paths and suffered similarly disappointing outcomes. Meticulously documented and theoretically innovative, this book illuminates the manifold factors—economic, political, and social—that determine the nature of the oil state, from the coherence of public bureaucracies, to the degree of centralization, to patterns of policy-making. Karl contends that oil countries, while seemingly disparate, are characterized by similar social classes and patterns of collective action. In these countries, dependence on petroleum leads to disproportionate fiscal reliance on petrodollars and public spending, at the expense of statecraft. Oil booms, which create the illusion of prosperity and development, actually destabilize regimes by reinforcing oil-based interests and further weakening state capacity. Karl's incisive investigation unites structural and choice-based approaches by illuminating how decisions of policymakers are embedded in institutions interacting with domestic and international markets. This approach—which Karl dubs "structured contingency"—uses a state's leading sector as the starting point for identifying a range of decision-making choices, and ends by examining the dynamics of the state itself. |
Innhold
COMMODITIES BOOMS | 1 |
TABLES | 18 |
The Special Dilemma of the PetroState | 44 |
DEMOCRACY OVER A BARREL | 61 |
The Making of a PetroState | 71 |
The Instant Impact of a Bonanza | 116 |
The Politics of Rent Seeking | 138 |
IO Utilization of Additional Credits in the Budget | 166 |
Commodities Booms and States Revisited | 222 |
Research Note | 243 |
TABLES IN STATISTICAL APPENDIX | 246 |
A5 Money Supply and Real Rate of Growth of Money | 253 |
A10 Total Debt Service | 260 |
A13 Value of Petroleum Exports and Real Rate of Growth | 266 |
Statistical Appendix Citations | 274 |
Bibliography | 299 |
THE IMPACT OF OIL BOOMS | 187 |
Variations in Macroeconomic Performance | 192 |
FuelMineral Exports as a Percent of Merchandise | 198 |
333 | |
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The Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and Petro-states Terry Lynn Karl Ingen forhåndsvisning tilgjengelig - 1997 |
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