division of Mercia. Outside the old circuit is one most remarkable work of the latter days of the twelfth century. The building so strangely known as the School of Pythagoras, is more accurately known as Merton Hall, from its owner in the thirteenth century, Walter of Merton, the renowned bishop, chancellor, and founder. It is plainly the house of a gentleman —we might still, perhaps, almost venture to say a Thegn-who, without actually living in the town, found it safe and convenient to live under the shadow of its walls. Surviving houses of that date may be almost counted upon one's fingers, and one could wish to see the present building, the property of an Oxford college in the town of Cambridge, in better order than it is. . . It is from the eleventh century that we may date the extension of the old borough. The town began to move to the right side of the river. Religious foundations grew up. The town increased, and, though never walled, was encompassed by a ditch. And the university and its colleges grew up also, till the old Camboritum, the old Grantbridge, the Roman, then, the Old-English town, sank into what we should be tempted to call an obscure suburb, were it not that as being the seat of the local administration of justice, it still retains somewhat of the character of the Acropolis."

Before the twelfth century probably learned men came hither anxious to teach, and students anxious to be taught. The students lived in the houses of the townsfolk, according to the present system in German and Scottish universities. After that we hear of hostels, where teachers and students lived together at their own expense; then halls or houses were formed with their separate endowments, and later the modern collegiate system, with its splendid foundations and endowments, came into full operation.

A brief extract from the old statutes of Trinity College gives a quaint picture of the manners of the time:-" Whereas

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there is nothing which more adorns men of letters than modesty and purity of manners; we therefore decree and ordain that all inferiors behave themselves towards their superiors in a submissive and reverent manner-the scholar towards the Bachelor, the Bachelors towards the Masters of Arts, these towards Bachelors and Doctors of Divinity, and all towards the Masters, as the supreme governors, and also towards the eight seniors, as fathers and leaders. Let none of the Bachelors or scholars go into the town without taking some one with him to be, as it were, the witness of his proper conduct let no one in the hall, in the court, or elsewhere within the college, neglect to take off his cap in the presence of the Master of Arts, or one of higher degree. Let the authors of domestic sedition, detraction, disunion, or wrangle, for the first offence lose a month's commons; for the second three months'; for the third, let them, as we have said, be expelled from the college. We also decree, ordain, and exhort, that the Masters, Fellows, scholars, and other residents in the college, do in their utmost endeavour to nourish, cherish, and preserve concord, unity, peace, and mutual charity; and avoid in word and deed, scurrility, ribaldry, scoffs, whisperings, reproaches, and scandals. Let no one keep dogs, ferrets, hawks, or singing birds, in the college; nor be immoderately given to hunting or hawking; and if any one transgress let him be punished. We will and decree that each person conduct himself with propriety in his own chamber; and do not by immoderate clamour, or loud laughter, or singing, or noise, or dancing, or musical instruments, keep his neighbours from sleep, quiet, or study; and also that he abstains from late revels and from potations."

The FITZWILLIAM MUSEUM is by far the most imposing of all the modern architectural ornaments of Cambridge. Its

façade in Trumpington Street is considered by some to be "perhaps the most striking piece of architecture in the kingdom." The undergraduates, absorbed in their studies or their amusements, are certainly not frequent visitors for the purpose of investigating its treasures. Mr. William Everett, who was in Cambridge four years, in his book, "On the Cam," says: "This splendid building contains a large and exceedingly valuable collection, but as I never saw it I cannot describe it to you." This indicates but too accurately the almost unavoidable neglect with which young men, whose time is absorbed in particular pursuits, treat these great modern institutions which of late years have been added to our Universities.

The Fitzwilliam Museum is the foundation of Richard Viscount Fitzwilliam, a member of Trinity Hall, who died in 1816. He was an Irish peer, and is not to be confounded with the Wentworth family. By his will, made the previous year, he bequeathed to the University his books, paintings, drawings, prints. When we say that his paintings included fine examples of the greatest masters, Rembrandt, the two Carraccis, Claude Lorraine, Leonardo da Vinci, Teniers, Ostade, Cuyp, Paul Potter, Gerard Dow, Albert Durer, Paul Veronese, Rubens; that the engravings form a hundred and twenty folio volumes; that the library included valuable MSS. and illuminated missals, some idea may be formed of the enormous value of the collection. Lord Fitzwilliam used to say that his two Claudes made him feel cool in summer and warm in winter. In his will, Lord Fitzwilliam bequeathed to the University a hundred thousand pounds, the accumulating interest of which has been devoted to the construction of a museum. As the fabric is raised by the interest on the bequest, the works have had to be suspended, and it will be some time before the grand design can be fully carried out. There is a very noble Corinthian portico, with the advantage that the columniation, falling back from the octostyle, can be