12. (a) Name the physiological antidotes for the poisonous drugs named in question 11. (b) Tell how antidotes are to be administered by the pharmacist in cases of emergency.

13.

Define the following therapeutic terms: (a) Deobstruent; (b) Discutient; (c) Blenorrhetic; (d) Antiscorbutic; (e) ecbolic; (f) parturient; (g) Hydragogue cathartic; (h) Laxative; (i) Hypnotic; (j) Exhillarant.

14. Give the English names, action and doses of the following agents: (a) Benzosulphinidum; (b) Thymolis Iodidum; (c) Sulphomenthanum ; (d) Methylthioninae Hydrochloridum; (e) Guaiacolis Carbonas.

15. Give the English names of the following drugs: (a) Absinthium; (b) Allium; (c) Asclepias; (d) Aspidosperma; (e) Castanea; (f) Caulophyllum; (g) Ichthyocolla; (h) Iris; (i) Scoparius; (j) Illicium.

16. (a) What is Serum Antidipthericum? (b) Describe the official variety and state how the U. S. P. directs it to be preserved.

17. (a) What are "Glandulae suprarenales siccae?" (b) Give commercial names of this product, and tell its therapeutic application and dose.

18. Name two official mineral purgatives; two mineral emetics; two mineral antisyphilitics.

19. What would you give on the following calls: (a) Sal Amarum; (b) Sal Anglicum; (c) Sal Mirabile; (d) Sal Rochelle; (e) Sal Carolium Factitium; (f) Sal Glauber; (g) Sal Nitre; (h) Sal Tartari; (i) Sal Commune; (j) Sal Diureticum?

20. What Alkaloids of pharmaceutical importance are obtained from the following drugs: (a) Opium; (b) Cinchona; (c) Nux Vomica; (d) Pilocarpus; (e) Physostigma; (f) Belladonna; (g) Conium; (h) Hyoscyamus; (i) Ipecac; (j) Colchicum?

Triturate to a thorough admixture and dispense in sprinkler top cans or bottles. The soap powder is best obtained from an up-to-date soapmaker, who can furnish a well-powdered, freely lathering soap.

Mucilage for Paraffin Paper.-According to the Papermaker, a suitable mucilage for paraffin and similar papers, which binds well and resists the weather, consists of a mixture of dextrine, rice starch, acetate lacquer and beeswax. The proportions vary according to the character of the paper for which the mucilage is used. For normal paraffin paper of medium weight, the following mixture is used, heating being effected by direct steam, by a flame or a hot plate. Dextrine, 30 parts; rice starch, 30 parts; aceate lacquer, 20 parts; beeswax, 20 parts. The mixture, well stirred, produces an extremely viscous yet transparent mass with good weather-resisting qualities.

Egg Shampoo. The following formula contains no egg, but will be found a very satisfactory preparation:

ANTITOXINS

Standardization of Antitoxin.

By Dr. E. G. Stewart, Indianapolis, Ind.* Eli Lilly & Co. Biological Laboratories.

It is obvious that if a serum is to be of value as a therapeutic agent there must be some means of controlling the dosage. The therapeutic value of diphtheria antitoxin is determined by means of an "antitoxic unit." This method (Ehrlich's) for standardization has been attacked by some scientists, but after careful experimental work, it has been decided that antitoxic serums contain no protective substances other than the antitoxin, and hence that a determination of the antitoxic content will accurately measure the activity of the antitoxin therapeutically. The potency of all diphtheria antitoxin sold in interstate commerce must conform with the standardized unit established by the United Public Health Service. This standardized antitoxin is dried in vacuo by passing dry, sterile, air heated to 35° C. through it, and when it is perfectly dry it is preserved in special containers over anhydrous phosphoric acid at a constant temperature of 5° C. The antitoxin content of such a serum remains constant, for, antitoxin will preserve its potency unaltered if it is properly protected from heat, light, oxygen and moisture.

The Hygienic Laboratory, at periods of two months, supplies all licensed manufacturers of antitoxin with a glycerin solution of the dried antitoxic serum, a certain amount of which contains one unit.

This antitoxic unit is the amount of antitoxin which will neutralize 100 times the minimal lethal dose of toxin for a guinea pig weighing 250 grams. The smallest quantity of toxin which will kill a guinea pig in four days, when mixed with one unit of the standard antitoxin, is ascertained. This quantity is then mixed with different dilutions of the horse's serum to be tested and injected subcutaneously into guinea pigs. Supposing that 0.004 mils of this serum is the smallest quantity of serum that just neutralizes the toxin and protects the pig from death, then one mil of the serum is said to contain 250 units of antitoxin.

In addition to the tests for antitoxic value, it is essential that the serum be absolutely free from all contamination, so sterility tests for aerobic and anerobic organisms are made, and a test for nontoxicity. The latter is carried out by injecting the serum subcutaneously into guinea pigs and mice. The animals are kept under close observation for a week, and no serum is allowed to leave the laboratories unless the animals are alive and well at the end of that time.

When the serum has met the requirements of all these tests, it is ready to be filled into the containers for distribution.

*See the History of Antitoxin, Meyer Brothers Druggist for January, page 16, and The Production of Diphtheria Antitoxins, page 50 of the February issue.

LEGAL DEPARTMENT

Prohibition in Virginia makes it necessary to label toilet preparations, etc., as to their alcohol content. The quantity by volume must be recorded. Details can be obtained from Walter Mueller, Secretary, The Manufacturing Perfumers' Association of the United States, 309 Broadway, New York.

The Mailing of Poisons not only entails only perplexing questions but the liability of prosecution through the innocent violation of postal regulations. The Kern-Doremus Bill has been introduced in an effort to bring about a better condition of affairs.

Unmailable Specific Medicines.-Acid, carbolic, acid, hydrochloric dil., acid, sulphurous, aconite, American hemp, belladonna, cannabis, cantharis, coca, colchium, conium, digitalis, gelsemium, helleborus, hyoscyamus, ignatia, nux vomica, oenanthe, phosphorus, physostigma, rhus tox., staphisagria, stramonium, strophanthus, veratrum, cuprum, eletorium, ergot and gossypium.

How Is Your Glycerin, Rock and Rye?-Preparations of this kind require a rectifier's license of $150.00 a year unless they conform to the specifications issued by the United States Internal Revenue Department. If you manufacture or handle preparations of this kind, write direct to the Commission on Internal Revenue, Washington, D. C., for the standards recognized by the Department.

False Statements Regarding the Curative Properties of Proprietary Medicines Held to Be Unlawful.The Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Judicial Circuit of the United States has upheld a decree of forfeiture of a shipment of "patent medicine" on the ground that the labels contained false and fraudulent statements regarding the curative effect of the medicine. The suit was brought under the Sherley amendment to the United States pure food and drug law. Judge Buffington, in the opinion, said that the purpose of the Sherley amendment was to "punish false and fraudulent statements regarding the curative or therapeutic effect" of drugs shipped in interstate com

merce.

Beware of Violating the Internal Revenue Law.— Under Treasury Decision 2387 the following is of interest to pharmacists:

"(24) All wines used by manufacturing chemists or apothecaries in the preparations made by them, and all compounds and preparations sold by them as wines, however specially designated, are subject to tax as wine."

It is advised by the editor of the Bulletin to look up your stock and, if the articles on hand come under this ruling, to stamp the merchandise at once. Stamps for this purpose may be obtained at the Collector's office. Special stamps must be bought.

When going to the office it might be well to present all out of date "war" revenue stamps which are on hand, for redemption. Two birds may be killed with one stone.-[E. A. Sennewald.

How Is Your Beef, Wine and Iron?---The MEYER BROTHERS DRUGGIST has called frequent attention to

the requirements of the United States Internal Revenue Department. As predicted, agents are now investigating the Beef, Wine and Iron handled in drug stores.

The Federal law requires that "Manufacturers using a formula which calls for drugs sufficient to conform to the standard herein should be very careful to see that the ingredients and processes used are such that the full strength called for by the formula is present in the product. The standard contained herein sets forth the maximum amount of alcohol and the minimum amount of medicinal ingredients necessary to change the alcohol to such an extent as to relieve the dealers from special-tax liability. A common case of manufacturers incurring liability through failure to exercise this care is found in the various beef, iron and wine compounds. The standard of this office, based upon the formula on page 1821, 19th edition of the United States Dispensary is 1.4 per cent of proteids, and 0.2 per cent of iron. Many samples of beef, iron and wine received in this office are markedly deficient in proteids, the claim being made, after liability is asserted, that the Dispensatory formula was followed, but that the beef extract must have been of a low quality, which circumstance, of course, does not relieve the manufacturer from tax liability."

How a Virginia Pharmacist Can Avoid the Liquor License. There has been a wide divergence of opinion among laymen, and some division of opinion among lawyers, as to whether or not a druggist requiring alcohol for his own pharmaceutical purposes, but not for sale, required the license to a retail druggist, provided for under Chapter 146, Acts of 1916. This doubt has been largely cleared up by a decision of Judge T. N. Haas, Judge of the Circuit Court of Rockingham County, who after careful consideration, decides that such druggist does not require a special license to buy, store and use alcohol necessary to a bona fide drug business, but not for sale. Judge Haas confines such unlicensed druggists to formulae prescribed by the United States Pharmacopoeia and National Formulary, and who, in the conduct of their business, are not required by the United States Government to pay the Federal liquor dealer's tax.

As Commissioner of Prohibition I advise that Judge Haas' construction of the law be followed.-[J. Sidney Peters, Commissioner of Prohibition. Richmond, Va., November 2, 1916.

The New and Proper Method of Guaranteeing Goods. On November 1, 1916, the old guaranty legend under the Food and Drugs Act was ruled out of order. Only such labels as were printed prior to May 5, 1914, may now be legally used. On May 1, 1918, even such labels will be illegal-according to the new way of guaranteeing goods, the manufacturer, wholesaler, or other person residing in the United States and shipping foods or drugs into interstate commerce, may print or stamp his guarantee on the invoice, bill of sale, or on any commercial paper that contains a list of the items of foods or drugs which he intends to guarantee. The Department of Agriculture does not prescribe the exact form that the guaranty shall take, but is of the opinion that the following wording will be satisfactory:

"I (We), the undersigned, do hereby guarantee that the articles of food (and drugs) listed herein are not adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of the Federal food and drugs act, June 30, 1906, as amended."

This statement should be followed by the signature, which may be printed or stamped if the invoice or other document is transmitted by the guarantor direct to the dealer, and the address of the guarantor.

PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATIONS

The N. A. B. P. Executive Committee will meet at the Morrison Hotel, 83 West Madison street, Chicago, at 10 a. m., March 20.

The Louisiana Ph. A. announces great preparations in progress for the thirty-fifth annual convention to be held in New Orleans May 8-10.

Washington, D. C., A. Ph. A. Branch Officers.The following have been elected for the ensuing year:

Dr. W. W. Stockberger, president; S. L. Hilton, 1st viec-president; Dr. W. S. Hubbard, 2nd vice-president; Mr. H. C. Fuller, secretary and council member for the unexpired term of one year; Mr. Lewis Flemer, treasurer.

The National Drug Trade Conference, which has become a very important factor in pharmaceutical legislation, has elected the following officers for the ensuing year:

President, John C. Wallace; 1st vice-president, Samuel C. Henry; 2nd vice-president, Dr. W. C. Abbott; 3rd vice-president, C. Mahlon Kline; secretary-treasurer, Charles M. Woodruff; executive committee, James F. Finneran, Prof. James H. Beal, Dr. A. R. L. Dohme, Fred K. Fernald, R. C. Stofer and George W. Lattimer.

The Kansas Ph. A. will hold its thirty-eighth annual meeting at Topeka May 15-17. D. von Riesen of Marysville is secretary. J. W. Giesburg of Kansas City is president. The Travelers' Auxiliary will take an active part in the entertainment. N. P. Koontz of Nelson-Baker & Co., Detroit, is president and Ed C. Hamill of the Faxon & Gallagher Drug Co.. Kansas City, Mo., is secretary.

The la. Ph. A. met at Des Moines February 20-21. This was a midwinter meeting, to be followed by a summer convention at Dubuque, June 18, 19 and 20. The attendance at Des Moines, attracted largely by the state legislature, was large and the proceedings intensely interesting. Prerequisite legislation was unanimously endorsed. Plans for the June meeting were outlined and the work of several of the committees, particularly the one on propaganda, discussed. Greetings were read from President A. M. Howard of the Mo. A. Ph. A. and President Binz of the Cal. Ph. A. In the way of papers was a discussion of Red Cross work, such as first-aid treatment in emergencies. Of course, the dispensing physician came in for some discussion. Fire insurance was also discussed. Editor Hugh Craig of the N. A. R. D. Journal discussed legislative matters and particularly commended state association meetings at capitals during the sessions of the legislature. The entertainment features of the meeting were attractive. Members of the legislature attended the president's ball.

The Oklahoma Ph. A. met in tenth annual convention at Oklahoma City February 13, 14 and 15. The attendance was fair and the interest in the proceedings great. President R. L. Sanford was in the chair. W. H. Cousins, editor of The Pharmaceutical Journal, captured the convention with a paper on "The Troubles of the Retail Druggist." He talked

straight from the shoulder. Dr. J. C. Burton of Stroud also held the audience in close touch with a paper on "The Needs of the Oklahoma Ph. A." We are informed that it was true to its title and that the author let the chips fall their own way. Dr. Edwin De Barr of the state university, Mr. Bradley of "System," Mr. Goffs of the Shelton Salesmanship Schools and Professor Charles H. Stocking, dean of the University School of Pharmacy, made practical addresses. About fifty of the students from the Department of Pharmacy attended the meeting. The constitution of the Oklahoma Ph. A. was so amended that only registered pharmacists actually engaged in the drug business are now eligible to hold the principal offices of the association. The entertainment was praiseworthy and enjoyed by the delegates. A banquet was presided over by Ed Vaught, a prominent after-dinner speaker of Oklahoma City. The officers for 1917-18 are:

President, R. L. Sanford, Marshall; 1st vice-president, Don Frieday, Cushing; 2nd vice-president, J. W. Barobur, Norman; secretary, A. J. Varvel, Oklahoma City.

The Minnesota Ph. A. held its thirty-third annual meeting at St. Paul February 13. The papers read elicited much discussion, which is always a favorable sign as to their practical value. Prerequisite was endorsed and anti-drug peddling laws favored. The membership was increased by 150 accessions. The attendance came near the 700 mark. Secretary E. L. Newcomb presented a report somewhat out of the ordinary. He dwelt on the value of the state association proceedings and pharmaceutical journals and proposed methods of binding and preserving them. He made an exhibit of about 400 printed annual records. President F. J. Wulling of the A. Ph. A. was an active participant in the proceedings. Thomas H. Potts, secretary of the N. A. R. D., was a special guest. Professor Henry Kraemer of Philadelphia was also a guest of honor. He outlined some of the work of the pharmacopoeial revision. Max Menzel attracted attention with his interesting talk on a visit to the South Dakota Ph. A. The entertainment feature, under the auspices of the St. Paul R. D. A., was very praiseworthy. The sections on Commercial Pharmacy and on Scientific Work had separate programs, which seemed to develop equal interest in these two branches of pharmacy. The officers for 1917-18 are as follows:

President, Louis J. Abewald, St. Paul; vice-president, Charles MacGregor, Detroit: second vice-president, Eward A. Grouchau, Duluth; third vice-president, W. C. Haney, Marshall; secretary, Dr. E. L. Newcomb; treasurer, R. J. Messing, St. Paul; member executive committee, John F. Danek, Minneapolis.

The following were duly nominated as candidates for appointment to the Minnesota State Board of Pharmacy:

Max Menzel, Arthur Von Rohr, R. J. Messing, M. G. Johnson and R. E. Desmond.

The Minn. Ph. A. Travelers' Auxiliary elected the following:

President, H. Haueter, Minneaoplis; 1st vice-president, W. H. Snider, St. Paul; 2nd vice-president, J. R. Loes, Minneapoils; 3rd vice-president, D. C. Wakeman, Duluth; secretary, W. B. Fields, Minneapolis.

SALESMEN DEPARTMENT

H. Hospers and Charles E. Schall, both representatives of J. Hungerford Smith Co., Rochester, N. Y., are frequent and welcome visitors in St. Louis.

G. W. Baker, president of the Baker-Wheeler Manufacturing Co., of Dallas, Tex., visited St. Louis, Chicago and other leading drug jobbing points recently.

Allen H. Barnes, traffic manager for Horlick's Malted Milk Co., of Racine, Wis., is one of the many admirers of St. Louis. Perhaps this is because he has so many friends in the Mound City.

John Crouch is a veteran salesman, even though appearance does not indicate it. He has been selling goods for the drug trade continuously for forty-seven years. During the past fifteen years, he has represented John T. Milliken & Co. in St. Louis.

A Salesman's Prescription.

R "50 parts of cheerful thinking
With 10 parts of sweet content,
20 each of glad endeavor

And of earnestness is blent,
These when carefully compounded
Will produce a magic oil,

That will cure if rightly taken,
Followed up with honest toil."

Otto Winningham, Ph. G., is the very popular rep

Otto Winningham, Ph. G.

resentative of Hance Brothers & White. in Chicago. Classmates and other friends can reach him by addressing P. O. Box 170.

F. V. Perry, of Little Rock, Ark., represents Eli Lilly & Co., in the southern part of the state, including Hot Springs, Little Rock and Pine Bluff. He has been a popular salesman in that section for nineteen years and with the firm for twelve years.

Keep in Mind the Welfare of Your Customers.Sometimes I think that a real

good all-round salesman does not exist in reality, and it is only occasionally that one really is encountered. I have no set method or routine of approaching my trade; it all depends on the other fellow.

One can sell and does sometimes sell an order to a buyer that does not fit, or, in other words, some retail druggist can handle and sell a certain line of articles, whereas another one cannot move them at all.

G. W. Blackford.

My policy is never sell a man something if I have any doubts about him being able to move the same. I think there is really only one way of doing any

thing, and that is, do unto others as you would have them do unto you.

Honesty, with yourself and with your customers, enthusiasm in an article when it merits it, sells itself. When the salesman knows it is a good thing for his customer and will display the goods.

Do not misrepresent an article just for the sake of one sale, you have to come back again and see him, so leave him this trip, knowing that when you return he will be glad to see you, and if he is not, it won't be any fault of yours.

I might say that real hard work is the best asset if I thought others would not think I might be playing to the grandstand. However, give me a man who works real hard all the time and I will almost guarantee that he will earn his salary.-[G. W. Blackford.

Alphonse Bayard Bare is the name of this interest

attended the Salesmen's Convention held at Cincinnați January 2 to 5, inclusive. The program included talks by officials of the company on various Merrell pharmaceuticals. Also papers by several of the salesmen discussing methods which they had found successful in interesting the trade.

The Merrell plan of giving the lowest discount to druggists on all orders regardless of quantity was considered by all present as a big step forward in the distribution of pharmaceuticals, and one that is greatly appreciated by the trade generally.

Co-operating with the jobbing houses and their salesmen was one of the important subjects which received a great deal of attention, and the policy of the Merrell Company in selling through the jobber exclusively formed the basis of many of the talks.

The program of entertainments during the convention included pool and billiard tournament, theater party, bowling tournament and a banquet held on the last evening of the convention at the Automobile Club, Hotel Gibson.

EDITOR'S TABLE

Any book reviewed in this Department may be obtained upon receipt of price at the office of the Meyer Brothers Druggist.

The National Standard Dispensatory, containing the natural history, chemistry, pharmacy, actions and uses of medicine; including those recognized in the Pharmacopoeias of the United States, Great Britain and Germany, with numerous references to other foreign Pharmacopoeias, in accordance with the Ninth Decennial Revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia. By Hobart Amory Hare, B. Sc., M. D., professor of therapeutics and materia medica and diagnosis in the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia; physician to the Jefferson Medical College Hospital, Philadelphia. Charles Caspari, Jr., Ph. G., Phar. D., porfessor of theoretical and applied pharmacy in the University of Maryland; member of the Committee on Revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia, and Henry H. Rusby, M. D., professor of botany and materia medica, College of Pharmacy of the City of New York; Pharmacognosist, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture; member of Committee of Revision of United States Pharmacopoeia.

Price: Cloth, $9.50; 4 Leather, $11.50; Thumb Index, 50 cents extra.

Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia and New York, publishers.

If the test of value is constant and general use, this work may fairly be said to have proved its merit by the demand for the two previous editions, each in several printings. The ninth decennial revision

of the United States Pharmacopoeia is embodied in this new edition of The National Standard Dispensatory, which has also been revised in every line to cover the latest advances in the whole vast field of Materia Medica, Pharmacy and Therapeutics. The thoroughness of the revision is reflected in a substantial increase in the number of pages.

Every practitioner of medicine should possess a copy of this important work which completely covers the entire realm of medicine and pharmacy and is written by authorities whose eminence in their respective fields is recognized throughout the world. Professor H. H. Rusby contributes the sections on Pharmacognosy, Professor Charles Caspari, Jr., those on Pharmacy, and Dr. H. A. Hare, those on Medical Action and Uses. The authors have, furthermore, had the assistance of experts in certain important special subjects.

PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATIONS

The N. A. R. D. will meet at Cleveland the week of September 17. Thomas H. Potts of Chicago is secretary.

The A. Ph. A. is scheduled for Indianapolis the week of August 27. Professor W. B. Day of Chicago is secretary.

The Chicago Branch of the A. Ph. A. has elected the following officers for the ensuing year:

President, Hugh Craig; 1st vice-president, A. H. Clark; 2nd vice-president, John F. Fischnar; 3rd vice-president, Wm. Gray; Council member, Clyde M. Snow; Membership, C. C. Orr; Legislation, James H. Wells; Practice. I. A. Becker; Medical Relations, Dr. B. Fantus; Publicity, Thos. H. Potts; secretary-treasurer, E. N. Gathercoal.

PROFESSOR W. B. DAY, 701 S. Wood street, Chicago, is secretary of the A. Ph. A.

THE U. S. Public Health Service issues free bulle tins on rural sanitation.

PURELY PERSONAL

Professor Harry Vin Arny was among the pharmacists particularly active in the recent meeting of the American Metric Association at New York.

August Breunert of Kansas City, honorary president of the Mo. Ph. A., is spending the winter at St. Cloud, Fla. He has much to say in praise of the "winter city."

John Thomas Lloyd, son of Professor John Uri Lloyd, is one of the fifty-three American colleges who recently started for France to join the American Ambulance Corps.

Romaine Pierson, publisher and editor of the Practical Druggist of New York City, visited St. Louis and other Western cities recently. Mr. Pierson has many personal friends throughout the country.

Professor W. B. Day, dean of the Illinois University College of Pharmacy and general secretary of the A. Ph. A., was a guest of the University of Minnesota recently and addressed the College of Pharmacy on "Pharmaceutical Organizations."

R. L. Sanford, Ph. C., proprietor of the Pioneer Pharmacy at Marshall, Okla., has been re-elected president of the Oklahoma Pharmaceutical Association. This is, indeed, a distinctive recognition.

W. H. Cousins, secretary and treasurer of the Texas Ph. A., has been sitting up nights with the Texas Legislature, trying to get them to save the country by passing the proposed pharmacy bill.

Dr. Herman Engelhardt has recently been elected a member of the Council of the A. Ph. A. by the Baltimore Branch. He is active in the American Chemical Society, as well as in the A. Ph. A.

Professor George C. Diekman of the New York City College of Pharmacy and of the new state board of pharmacy, was given a testimonial dinner at the Drug and Chemical Club. Samuel W. Fairchild was toastmaster.

Professor John Uri Lloyd of Cincinnati has won four of the Ebert prizes offered by the A. Ph. A. for original work in pharmacy. This record extends back a number of years. In each instance the prize money has been used in securing a locket properly inscribed. Each of the three children and Mrs. Lloyd are now wearing such a locket.

"The Sunflower Druggists' Bulletin" is a sunflowercolored periodical issued monthly at Marysville, Kan. It is edited by J. W. Giesburg, president of the Kansas Ph. A., who has as associate editor D. von Riesen, secretary of the organization. "The Sunflower Druggists' Bulletin" is worthy of the support of every pharmacist in the state.

Ernest Berger, Ph. G., of Tampa, Fla., a prominent member of the A. Ph. A. and ex-president of the N. A. B. P., was given a farewell dinner by the Florida Board of Pharmacy. His commission as a member has expired. Mr. Berger received from his associates a solid gold Knights Templar charm as one of the evidences of their esteem.