ecutive department of the government, that the desired results would be accomplished at once nor in the brief space of a few months; but there is reason to believe that the operation of this law and other influences are setting strongly in the direction of reform, and that the hitherto dominant faction will be supplanted by "Young Utah" in the conduct of public affairs.

There is no doubt that the enactment of the law of Congress under which this commission was appointed has agitated the public mind in this Territory to a remarkable degree. Hitherto there has been very little public discussion of political questions, and in general the people have not attended political meetings in large numbers. But we are gratified to find that in the "campaign" preceding the November elec tion for Delegate to Congress, the people of all classes have manifested a lively interest in public affairs, and have attended the political meetings in large numbers. Many of these meetings have been held by both parties in various parts of the Territory, and able addresses have been delivered by speakers on both sides. It is an encouraging sign that many of the "Liberal" meetings have been largely attended by Mormons, and in many instances they have composed the chief part of the audiences. It is proper to add that so far as we have learned these meetings have been characterized by exceptional good order, good humor, and decorum. On Saturday night before the election both parties held large mass meetings in Salt Lake City, and vied with each other in the display of national flags and patriotic music.

Our attention has been called to the propriety of our recommend ng Congressional legislation of a radical character. But we are not inclined to advise such measures, unless upon further observation and experience the wisdom and necessity of such legislation shall be demonstrated.

The area of the Territory is 84,000 square miles. The population is about 150,000, about 40,000 being non-Mormons, many of whom are socalled apostates from the Mormon Church.

The people are generally engaged in agricultural pursuits. Prior to the completion of the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads there were very few non-Mormon residents in the Territory. Since 1869 the business of mining has become an important interest, and from that time the total output is over $60,000,000 in silver, lead, and gold.

There are also valuable deposits of coal, iron, copper, and other minerals. The mines give employment to a great many persons, and have been the means of attracting a large non-Mormon population to the Territory. Many of the non-Mormons (or "Gentiles") are doing a pros perous business in banking, mining, and mercantile pursuits.

The legislation of Congress, as we understand it, is not enacted against the religion of any portion of the people of this Territory. The law under which we are acting is directed against the crime of polygamy, for the extirpation of which this commission will freely use all the powers delegated to us, and will from time to time suggest to the government such supplemental legislation as may aid in suppressing this reproach to the civilization of this age and country.

We trust that this object will be accomplished without resorting to measures destructive to local self-government, punishing the whole people, the innocent as well as the guilty, with political ostracism. At all events we are unwilling to advise such a course until the act of Congress under which we are acting shall be more fully tested. Besides, a proper respect for the legislative branch of the government would restrain us from impeaching the wisdom of their enactment at the very

threshold of the work committed to us, and long before the time expressed in the act of Congress.

If, however, the next session of the legislative assembly, elected under the act of Congress, shall fail to respond to the will of the nation, Congress should have no hesitation in using extraordinary measures to compel the people of this Territory to obey the laws of the land.

REPORT

OF

THE INSPECTOR OF
OF INDIAN SCHOOLS.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

Washington, October 19, 1882.

SIR: In the act making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian Department and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with various Indian tribes for the year ending June 30, 1883, and for other purposes, it is also provided that the President is authorized to appoint a person to inspect all Indian schools, who is thereby required to report a plan for carrying into effect in the most economical and efficient manner all existing treaty stipulations for the education of Indians, with careful estimates for educating all Indian youths for whom no such provision now exists; and what sums can be saved from existing expenditures for Indian support by the adoption of such plans, &c.

On the 18th of July last I was honored with said appointment, and in partial compliance with requirements,contemplated in said act, have the honor to submit the following preliminary report.

My appointment being of too recent date, and nearly all the intervening time up to date being the vacation season of the Indian schools, very little opportunity for visiting them has been afforded. My time has consequently mostly been otherwise employed. Under direction from your office I proceeded to the Indian Territory and made a selection for the location of the Indian Industrial School provided for in said act, which required

To be constructed at a point in the Indian Territory adjacent to the southern boundary of the State of Kansas, and near to the Ponca and Pawnee reservations, and upon a section of land suitable in quality and location for the industrial purposes of said school, &c., a building suitable in size and convenience for the instruction and care of one hundred and fifty Indian children.

I made a careful examination of the district of country embraced within the boundaries of the limits described in the act: found it very difficult, if not impossible, to find all the essentials for an institution of the magnitude of the one contemplated on the sized tract of land described in the bill, and for that reason selected a larger tract of land, embracing a fraction less than 1,200 acres, a plat and description of which are herewith. An important part of the industries taught at this institution must be the care of stock, horses, cattle, sheep, and hogs; to do this successfully, and at the same time instruct in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and the kindred branches, reference must be had to quality and lay of soil, grass, and water-water not only for stock purposes, but for use at the institution, which will require when in full ap pointment from 150 to 200 barrels per day. The selection made embraces, I believe, all these important considerations.

The buildings, it will be observed from the plat, are to be located

about 1,100 feet from the springs; the water can very easily be forced this distance, by wind or steam, at a small cost. In the location reference was also had to drainage, which can be very complete from the point selected, the outlet being to a point on the stream below the water supply.

The dependence for water for house use is from several springs near together, from which the flow is very large; and all may be brought together into one, from which forced to the buildings. I visited the neighboring citizens for information as to the lasting qualities of the springs, and found the testimony all agreeing that the flow of water continued through all seasons, and the opinion general that they could be depended upon for a sufficient water supply.

I also made arrangements to have the water analyzed, but have not yet been apprised of the result. Above and below the springs referred to are others which will afford stock water, pools of it standing in the bed of the Chelocco Creek all seasons of the year. By taking this tract of land, an agricultural and stock farm may be obtained in one boundary; the price of the land, as fixed by President Hayes, is 47.49 cents per acre.

I believe the selection made to be the very best which could be found in the district of country contemplated in the bill. The building spot is situated about 5 miles from Arkansas City, Kans., a town of 1,200 or 1,300 inhabitants, a good moral community, and a church-going people.

In making the selection and surveying, they were quite willing to render any assistance possible, and did give invaluable help. I was especially assisted by Charles Scheafbaur, Postmaster Topliff, and A. C. Williams, esq.

While the location is a good one and will be easy of access from the various tribes below, and afford school facilities and opportunities to some who have had none, I believe the advancement would be more rapid and the labor more satisfactory if the institution were located more in the midst of civilization, where Sabbath-school and church privileges would be greater than they can be there, and an influence would be brought to bear invoking fostering help and protecting care from those who, until such opportunities are given them, do not realize how much of the milk of human kindness is contained in their natures.

I also had plans and specifications made for the building, which have been forwarded for your inspection and action. It is proposed to build of stone, the cost being but very little more, and the durability so much greater than of frame. It will be impossible to complete the school building and furnish it and the necessary out-buildings, corrals, fences, &c., with the sum named in said act; an additional appropriation will be necessary for that purpose, which is respectfully recommended.

I also visited the "old Pawnee reservation in Nebraska" with reference to establishing an industrial school at that point, in accordance with the provision of same bill. Found the old building in a badly damaged condition, the result of a want of attention on the part of those having charge of it, and from the effects of a storm which had blown off about one-third of the roof. To properly accommodate 150 children, the number specified in the bill, it is necessary, besides making repairs to the old building, to make additions. I employed an architect to make the proper examination and estimate for such additions as are necessary; the result of his labors has been forwarded for your action in the premises. The amount appropriated is regarded as sufficient to complete and furnish the buildings with necessary out-buildings, corrals, fences, &c., for occupancy.