cellor in the Lent Term, and that he shall deliver one lecture in the Senate House during term time, on some convenient day to be fixed by the Vice-Chancellor. The lecture has hitherto been delivered in the Easter Term.

The following are the subjects on which annual lectures have been delivered in the Senate House :

1859. The Classification and Geographical Distribution of the Mammalia. 1860. The Succession of Life on the Earth.

1861. The Social and Architectural History of Trinity College, from the foundation of King's Hall and Michael House to the present time. 1862. The Cosmical features of Terrestrial Magnetism.

THE THREE REGIUS PROFESSORSHIPS OF DIVINITY,
GREEK, AND HEBREW.

These three Royal Professorships were founded by Henry VIII. in 1540. They were severally endowed with stipends of £40 per annum, but were subsequently attached by the king to Trinity College at the time of its foundation by him in 1546. The stipends were made payable out of the revenues of that college, where chambers and other contingent privileges were secured to the professors, including the right of claiming a Fellowship when prevented, by age or infirmity, from performing the duties of their office. The statute, also, which prescribed their duties, was made a common statute of the college and the University. The stipend of £40, which was considered ample at first, being more than four times as much as was assigned to a fellow of Trinity College, including all his allowances, became insufficient for the support of an office of dignity and importance in the following century, when the value of money was greatly depreciated, and when the incomes of fellowships and benefices derived from lands and tithes had greatly increased.

THE REGIUS PROFESSORSHIP OF DIVINITY.

The duties of this professorship, as prescribed by the original statute, were "impracticably severe;" but the Royal Letters of King Charles II, lessened the number of lectures, and

held the professorship.
in Government Securities.
colleges.

This bequest has been invested
The electors are the heads of

The new statutes for Sir Thomas Adams' Professorship of Arabic repeal several of the provisions in the Royal Letters Patent, July 4, (18 Car. II.), and enact that the University shall have power to determine, from time to time, by Grace of the Senate, the time for which the professor is required to reside in the University in every year, such time not to exceed eighteen weeks.

The statute ordained for Sir Thomas Adams' Professorship of Arabic, and for certain other professorships in common, includes the Professorships of Physic, Civil Law, Moral Theology, Chemistry, Anatomy, Modern History, Botany, Geology, and Mineralogy.

This common statute requires that the professors give lectures in every year, and that they deliver (each of them), to the Vice-Chancellor once in every year, before the end of the Easter Term, a statement in writing of the number of lectures given by them during the preceding year, and of the times of delivery, together with the number of weeks in each of the three terms during which they have resided within one mile and a half of Great St. Mary's Church.

It also provides when the duties of the professors may be discharged by deputies, and when the professors are liable to admonition or deprivation.

THE LUCASIAN PROFESSORSHIP OF MATHEMATICS.

This professorship was founded by Mr. Lucas, in 1663. The income from the foundation estate does not exceed £126 a year. The deed of foundation, or rather, the Royal confirmation of it, excluded the professor from all college and university offices, and from holding any benefice with cure of souls, or which required residence contrary to its provisions. The professor was to be elected by the Vice-Chancellor the heads of colleges.

The deed of foun lation required the professor to lecture

for one hour weekly throughout every term; and to deposit copies of twelve, at least, of his lectures given in every year in the archives of the University. On two days of every

week during term, and on one day out of term, if then resident in the University, he was to open his chambers for two hours for the access of those students who wished to consult him on mathematical difficulties, and for this purpose he was to have globes and mathematical instruments always ready to be referred to.

The new statutes repeal this provision for assisting students in private, with eight other provisions contained in the foundation deed; and require that the Professor shall comply with all the provisions of the statute issued as a common statute for the Lucasian, the Plumian, the Lowndean, and the Sadlerian Professorships.

The common statute for these four professorships ordains that it shall be the duty of the professors to give lectures every year, to reside within one mile and a half of Great St. Mary's Church eighteen weeks at least during term time in every year; six of such weeks being in the Michaelmas Term, and the remaining twelve being in the Lent and Easter Terms. Each professor is also required to deliver to the Vice-Chancellor once in every year, before the end of the Easter Term, a statement in writing of the number of lectures given by him during the preceding year, and of the times of delivery, together with the number of weeks in each of the three terms during which he has resided within one mile and a half of Great St. Mary's Church.

This statute also provides when the duties may be performed by a deputy, and when the professors become subject to admonition or deprivation

THE KNIGHTBRIDGE PROFESSORSHIP OF MORAL THEOLOGY.

The Professorship of Moral Theology and Casuistical Divinity was founded by Dr. John Knightbridge in 1667. The original endowment consisted of a rent-charge in Yorkshire, certain lands in Essex, and a house in the Minories,

amounting, after certain charges, to somewhat more than £50 a year. Dr. Smoult, the first professor, added £300 to the endowment, which was invested in land. The present annual income of the professorship is about £132.

The professor used to be elected by the Vice-Chancellor, the Regius and Margaret Professors of Divinity, and the Master of St. Peter's College, the last having a casting vote.

By the original foundation, the professor was to be at least of the degree of B.D., and fifty years old, and was to deliver five lectures every term, a copy of which was to be exhibited at the end of each term to the Vice-Chancellor, to be either printed or kept in the public library. As no professor could be found on these conditions, the Court of Chancery, in 1680, directed that the professor should be at least forty years old, and should deliver four lectures each term. There is no evidence that any lectures were given before the appointment of Dr. Whewell to the office. He gave twelve lectures at least every year, and in some years twenty. He has also published several of his lectures, and a work entitled "Elements of Morality, including Polity."

The new statutes provide that the professor shall be designated as the Knightbridge Professor of Moral Theology, Casuistical Divinity, and Moral Philosophy; and the Regius Professor of Greek, the Regius Professor of Modern History, and the Public Orator, shall be added to the board of electors named by Dr. Knightbridge. The provisions which require the professor to be B.D. or D.D., and not under forty years of age, are repealed, and the University has power to determine, from time to time, by Grace of the Senate, the time for which the professor is required to reside in the University in every year, such time not to exceed eighteen weeks.

THE PROFESSORSHIP OF MUSIC.

The Professorship of Music was instituted, on the recommendation of the Crown, by a Grace of the Senate, in the year 1684, which also nominated Dr. Staggins as the first professor. There is no endowment. The professor examines the exercises

of candidates for degrees in music. It was remarked in the Report of the Royal Commission, that :-"The science of music possesses sufficient relations with the exact sciences, to make its theory a branch of study which the University might very properly encourage; and there are very few subjects which would furnish the materials for a more attractive course of lectures."

There is no salary annexed to the office, and the only emolument is derived from fees for degrees in music.

THE PROFESSORSHIP OF CHEMISTRY.

The Professorship of Chemistry originated in a Grace of the Senate, passed in 1702, which conferred the title of Professor of Chemistry on John Francis Vergani, a native of Verona, who for several years previously had taught that science in the University. This appointment was zealously promoted by Dr. Bentley, who assigned a vacant room within the precincts of Trinity College, to be fitted up as a laboratory, where the lectures were given for several years. The subsequent appointments to this professorship continued to be made by similar Graces until the year 1773, when the difficulties occasioned by the competition of several candidates were obviated by a special Grace directing the election pro hac vice, to be made by open poll. The same mode of election was made applicable to all future appointments by a Grace passed in October, 1793.

There is no endowment, but the professor used to receive £100 by annual grant from Parliament, upon the production of a certificate that the lectures had been delivered.

The new statutes provide, that the Professor of Chemistry shall be chosen and appointed, from time to time, by the persons whose names are on the electoral roll of the University.

They also provide that the University shall have power to determine, from time to time, by Grace of the Senate, the time for which the Professor of Chemistry is required to reside in the University in every year, such time not to exceed eighteen weeks.