FAR (A.-S. feor, at a distance), far-th-er, far-th-est. furthest. oldest. OLD } (A.-S. eld=age), { elder, (A.-S. ældre), eldest, ealdest. OUT (A.-S. ut), outer, utter, [RATHE] (A.-S. rath), swift, early, rather outermost, utmost. [rathest]. 6. Numerals. CIPHER (Arabic, safira, empty). ONE (A.-S. án). Two (A.-S. twá). THREE (A.-S. thrí). FIVE (A.-S. fif). SEVEN (A.-S. seofon, Lat. septem). EIGHT (A.-S. eahta). NINE (A.-S. nigon). TEN (A.-S. tynan, to complete). ELEVEN (A.-S. end lufon=one left). TWELVE (A.-S. twalufon=two left). HALF (A.-S. healf). QUARTER (Lat. quartus). THIRTEEN three-ten, i.e. ten added to three. TWENTY twain-tig, tig=ten times. = HUNDRED (A.-S. hund=10) some syllable seems to be lost. THOUSAND (A.-S. pusend). The A.-S. pusend is nothing but the more complete Mæso-Goth. 'tigos hund,' or 'taihuns hund,' viz. ten times hundred.-Bosworth. TITHE (A.-S tith or tyth, a possession or holding). FARTHING fourth-ing little fourth part. = FOURTH (A.-S. feowertha), the suffix th in these words is in FIFTH &c. A.-S. ta or tha. BOTH (A.-S. ba-twa or butu), ba=both, twa=two-both the two, or by twos. ONCE (A.-S. an-es), now an adverb, formerly an old genitive. TWICE=twies (A.-S. twi), now an adverb, formerly an old genitive. THRICE=thries (A.-S. thri) TWAIN (A.-S. twégen). ONLY=onelike. ONE (adj.), A.-S. an; (noun), Fr. on, Lat. homo. I (A.-S. ic, Ger. ich). § 3. Pronouns. THOU (A.-S. thu), connected with two. HE (A.-S. He). SHE (A.-S. seo and heo): the former gives she, the latter hoo; Lancash. dial. for she. IT (A.-S. hyt), possibly from hot the said, from hátan, to name. MINE (A.-S. min), gen. of ic, as if formed my-en, en being adject. suffix. THINE (A.-S. thin), gen. of thu, as if formed thy-en, en being adject. suffix. HIS (A.-S. his), gen. of he. HER (A.-S. hyre). ITS, gen. of it. His formerly did duty for its, which was introduced after the completion of the authorised version of the Scriptures, circa 1640. OUR (A.-S. ure), gen. of we; as if, we-er. YOUR (A.-S. eower); as if, you-er. THEIR (A.-S. hyra); as if, they-er. WHO (A.-S. hwa), connected possibly with heáwan, to hew. The relative represents the antecedent, as, an image does the original. WHICH (A.-S. who like). WHAT (A.-S. hwæt), neuter of who. THE, THIS, possibly from thean,* to take.-Horne Tooke. THAT. Tooke derives it from the p. part. of the same verb. * So written in Richardson's Study of Language: bicgan, þigan.—Bosworth. OWN (A.-S. ágen), from ágan, to have or hold. ANY (A.-S. an-ig = add one). ENOUGH (A.-S. genogan), to satisfy. SOME (A.-S. somnian), to collect. DIVERS (Lat. diversus), different. EACH (A.-S. ea-ilk=one like); ilka means the same. SUCH (A.-S. swa=so + like). AUGHT (A.-S. a whit = a bit). NAUGHT (A.-S. no whit or no bit). EITHER (A.-S. athor or auther one of two). A.-S. r, ra, e, signify rest in; her here; þær there; hwær= where. DER (motion to): hi-der hither; pi-der thither; hwi-der= whither.-Vernon's Anglo-Saxon Guide. § 4. The Verb. 1. Principal Prefixes. A, before verbs gives a transitive force; as, await = wait on. BE = = by, and gives a transitive or reflective force; as, behave = be-have. FOR (Lat. foris, out of, or beyond); as, forget, forbid, get forth, &c. AND or AN= against; as, answer = swear against. FORE before; as, foretell tell beforehand. EN, prefix or suffix, has the force of to make; as, enrich, lighten; the words enlighten, enliven, enripen, engladden, enstrengthen, endarken have both. EN or EM (Lat.) for in in or on; as, embark. MIS- (Goth.), to err, or stray from; as, mislead = to lead wrong. WITH (A.-S.) in composition against; as, withstand, i.e. stand against. RE (Lat. back); as, retrace. 2. Inflexions. -ST (A.-S. ast, O. Sax. is, Gr. ɛis, as, s); Sanscrit si; may be a form of συ, thou. -TH (A.-S. ath, O -Sax. and Lat. t), may be a form of the, an old pronoun of the third person. -ING, participial suffix (A.-S. ende). -ING, gerund (A.-S. anne); as, writing: = writanne = to write. The infinitive to write (A.-S. an; as, writan): the gerund to write (A.-S. anne; as, writanne). -ED; as in delighted. The force of this suffix is did; thus, I loved= I love-did. The Anglo-Saxon verb substantive is composed of several verbs. We can trace in its different inflexions no fewer than five, of which three now remain-be, am, was. In these inflexions we may distinctly see five verbs whose conjugations are intermixed :— 1. Eoм, es, ys, are of one family, and resemble the Greek siμí. 2. AR, arth, am, are, proceed from another parent, like eram. 3. Sr, synd 4. WES, wære, wæron 5. BEON, bist, byth, beoth,, from another, and recall sum, sunt. from another source, seen in A.-S. wesan. from another family, of which the infinitive beon was kept in use. |