CONTENTS OF THE THIRD VOLUME

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

CHAPTER XVI

PAGE

xi

The Conduct of the Roman Government towards the Christians, from the

Reign of Nero to that of Constantine

A.D.

Christianity persecuted by the Roman Emperors

Inquiry into their Motives.

Rebellious Spirit of the Jews

Toleration of the Jewish Religion

The Jews were a People which followed, the Christians a Sect

which deserted, the Religion of their Fathers

Christianity accused of Atheism, and mistaken by the People

and Philosophers

The Union and Assemblies of the Christians considered

dangerous Conspiracy

Their Manners calumniated

Their Imprudent Defence

I

2

34

5

7

as a

9

II

Idea of the Conduct of the Emperors towards the Christians

They neglected the Christians as a Sect of Jews

The Fire of Rome under the Reign of Nero

Cruel Punishment of the Christians as the Incendiaries of the City

Remarks on the Passage of Tacitus relative to the Persecution

of the Christians by Nero

Oppression of the Jews and Christians by Domitian.

Execution of Clemens the Consul

Ignorance of Pliny concerning the Christians

Trajan and his Successors establish a legal Mode of proceeding

Various Incitements to Martyrdom

Ardour of the first Christians

Gradual Relaxation

Three Methods of escaping Martyrdom

Alternatives of Severity and Toleration

V

252555

43

45

46

47

A.D.

The Ten Persecutions

Supposed Edicts of Tiberius and Marcus Antoninus

180 State of the Christians in the Reigns of Commodus and Severus
211-249 Of the Successors of Severus

Of Maximin, Philip, and Decius

253-260 Of Valerian, Gallienus, and his Successors.

260 Paul of Samosata, his Manners

270 He is degraded from the See of Antioch

274 The Sentence is executed by Aurelian

284-303 Peace and Prosperity of the Church under Diocletian
Progress of Zeal and Superstition among the Pagans
Maximian and Galerius punish a few Christian Soldiers
Galerius prevails on Diocletian to begin a general Persecution

303 Demolition of the Church of Nicomedia

The first Edict against the Christians

Zeal and Punishment of a Christian

Fire of the Palace of Nicomedia imputed to the Christians
Execution of the first Edict

Demolition of the Churches

[303-304] Subsequent Edicts

303-311 General Idea of the Persecution

In the Western Provinces, under Constantius and Constantine

In Italy and Africa, under Maximian and Severus

And under Maxentius

In Illyricum and the East, under Galerius and Maximin

64

65

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

78

80

80

313 End of the Persecutions

82

Probable Account of the Sufferings of the Martyrs and Confessors

Number of Martyrs

Maximin prepares to renew the Persecution

CHAPTER XVII

Foundation of Constantinople—Political System of Constantine, and his

Successors-Military Discipline The Palace - The Finances

A.D.

330 [May 11] or 334 Dedication

300-500 Form of Government in the Roman Empire

Hierarchy of the State

Three Ranks of Honour

126

128

130

133

136

138

139

141

143

143

144

145

4. The Public Treasurer

Rationales

147

148

5. The Private Treasurer

148

Death of Constantine — Division

of the Empire among his three Sons - Persian War - Tragic Death of

Constantine the Younger and Constans — Usurpation of Magnentius

Civil War - Victory of Constantius

A.D.

331

Manners of the Sarmatians

Their Settlement near the Danube

The Gothic War

334 Expulsion of the Sarmatians

337 Death and Funeral of Constantine

Factions of the Court

Massacre of the Princes

337 Division of the Empire

310 Sapor, King of Persia

State of Mesopotamia and Armenia

342 Death of Tiridates

337-360 The Persian War

348 [344] Battle of Singara

338, 346, 350 Siege of Nisibis

340 Civil War, and Death of Constantine

350 Murder of Constans

Magnentius and Vetranio assume the Purple

Constantius refuses to treat

Deposes Vetranio

351 Makes War against Magnentius

Battle of Mursa

352 Conquest of Italy

353 Last Defeat and Death of Magnentius

Constantius sole Emperor

CHAPTER XIX

Elevation and Death of Gallus - Danger and

Elevation of Julian· - Sarmatian and Persian Wars - Victories of

Julian in Gaul

A new Obelisk

357, 358, 359 The Quadian and Sarmatian War

358 The Persian Negotiation

359 Invasion of Mesopotamia by Sapor

Siege of Amida

360 Siege of Singara.

Conduct of the Romans

Invasion of Gaul by the Germans

Conduct of Julian

A.D.

356 His first Campaign in Gaul

357 His second Campaign

Battle of Strasburg

358 Julian subdues the Franks

357, 358, 359 Makes three Expeditions beyond the Rhine

Restores the Cities of Gaul

Civil administration of Julian

Description of Paris

The Motives, Progress, and Effects of the Conversion of Constantine — Legal

Establishment and Constitution of the Christian or Catholic Church

306-337 Date of the Conversion of Constantine

His Pagan Superstition

306-312 He protects the Christians of Gaul

313 Edict of Milan

Use and Beauty of the Christian Morality

Theory and Practice of Passive Obedience

Divine Right of Constantine

324 General Edict of Toleration

Loyalty and Zeal of the Christian Party

Expectation and Belief of a Miracle

I. The Labarum, or Standard of the Cross

II. The Dream of Constantine

III. Appearance of a Cross in the Sky

The Conversion of Constantine might be sincere

The Fourth Eclogue of Virgil

Devotion and Privileges of Constantine

Delay of his Baptism till the approach of Death

Propagation of Christianity

312-438 Change of the National Religion

Distinction of the Spiritual and Temporal Powers

State of the Bishops under the Christian Emperors

I. Election of Bishops

II. Ordination of the Clergy

III. Property

IV. Civil Jurisdiction

V. Spiritual Censures

VI. Freedom of Public Preaching

VII. Privilege of Legislative Assemblies.

279

Persecution of Heresy - The Schism of the Donatists - The Arian Contro-

versy Athanasius

-

Constantine and his Sons - Toleration of Paganism

312 African Controversy

CHAPTER XXI

Distracted State of the Church and Empire under