ERRATA Page 11, 1. 192, for ἄπετόλμησε lege ἀπετόλμησε. 17, Engl. Analysis, last line, dele "for confiscation.'" 24, 1. 39, for av lege câv. 26, 28, 32, 50, 2, after 'shield' lege or killing one's father.' 84, for χρηναι lege χρῆναι. 507, for δικασθαί lege δικασταί. 72, last line but three, for 'Agoratus' lege 'Dionysodorus.' 89, 1. 638, for αὐτῳ lege αὐτῷ. 90, 1. 659, for πατέρα lege πατέρα. 99, footnote, last line but one, for nota lege non. 102, 1. 214, for elv lege ein. 126, 1. 120, add footnote, "post Evróμov legebatur kal Λυσίου.” 155, 1. 44, for Tîn lege Tŷ. 198, 1. 13, for Saniades lege Suniades. 219, note 119, add reference vii. 1. 45. 222, note 36, for diairτny lege diairηrýv. Ъ INTRODUCTION. § 1.-LIFE OF LYSIAS.1 IT seems to have been one of Pericles' ideas, as a. means of realising his great conception of Athens as a centre and capital of Hellas, to attract to her men of wealth and character wherever he found them. "Men, not walls or ships of war, make a city," 2 was a principle on which he knew how to act. The high reputation which he enjoyed made it possible for him to do much to accomplish his object. Among those whom he induced to remove to Athens was a certain Cephalus of Syracuse. He was a man of great 1 For the facts of the life of Lysias, besides his own story in the Kar' 'Epaтоolévovs, we are indebted (1) to Dionysius of Halicarnassus (about the time of the Christian Era); (2) to the author of the Lives of the Ten Orators, attributed probably falsely to Plutarch. (Edit. by A. Westermann, 1833.) The work of the former is rather a dissertation on his style than a biography, a few lines only being devoted to the outline of his life. The latter is somewhat fuller in a biographical sense. An epitome of these lives is found in Suidas (11th cent. A.D.), and a dissertation on his style in Photius (9th cent. A.D.) There is a graphic description of one incident in his life in his own speech against Eratosthenes (Orat. v. of this edition), and a sketch of his father in Plato's Republic, and criticisms on his intellectual position in the Phædrus. There is a Latin life of him also by the English scholar, John Tailor. 2 Thucyd. 8, 77, 7. 3 wealth, obtained very likely by the manufacture of arms, which in itself would be likely to be useful at Athens. He lived as a metic in the Peiræus, and appears to have attained a great age, and to have been remarkable for the grace with which he bore his years. A pleasant picture of family life is given in the opening scene of Plato's Republic, with the central figure of the old Cephalus sitting with his sacrificial wreath on his head, having just conducted or been present at a sacrifice in the avλý of his son Polemarchus' house at the Bendideia or festival of Bendis.5 It was a holiday in Peiræus, and his two other sons, Lysias and Euthydemus, were there to keep it with their aged father, and other guests from the Asty besides. Socrates was struck with the venerable appearance, the cheerfulness, and intellectual activity. of Cephalus, and his expressions of surprise and admiration form the prelude to the Dialogue. We may gladly believe that the picture drawn by Plato is not wholly imaginary. 6 Cephalus appears to have survived to about B.C. 443. Some fifteen years probably after his arrival in Athens, his son Lysias was born, in the year of Philocles (458-7 B.C). His father's wealth made it natural for the boy to mix with the sons of the leading men of the city, and accordingly he attended the best schools in Athens till he was about fifteen 3 πλούτῳ διαφέροντα, Χ Οr. διὰ τὸ πολλὴν οὐσίαν κεκτῆσθαι, Plat. Rep. 330. 4 Another account stated that he was banished from Syracuse on the usurpation of Gelo. But this (B.C. 491-478) is too early. From v. 1. 28 we learn that he lived thirty years at Athens; he must therefore have come about B.C. 473. 5 A Thracian goddess identified with Artemis. Hence the sacred enclosure round the temple of Artemis in Munychia was called the Bendideion. 7 X Or., 320 C. 6 Plato, Repub. i. 328. |