Peru, Chili, Argentina, and other South American countries. In the United States, all but three of the states have health laws and state boards of health, and commendable activity exists in diseaseprevention work. Every town and city in most of these states has boards of health which are active in enforcing sanitation. Despite this progress, it is recognized that the great work is only begun. The possibility of preventing disease has been made plainly apparent, and therefore more imperative, by the science of bacteriology and the development of the germ theory and the discovery of some causes and methods of infection. The gathering together, therefore, of a comparative exhibit showing the best that has been done in hygiene the world over, is certain to result in a great lesson. Such exhibit will make it possible for all persons to see and comprehend the importance and extent of the subject of hygiene, and will furnish opportunity to hygienists themselves to enlarge and perfect their knowledge of the subject.

For the purpose of comparing the best methods and appliances known to sanitary science to secure health conditions and for the promotion and improvement of the principles of disease preveṇtion, all foreign boards of health, all provincial, state and municipal boards of health, colleges and schools of hygiene, sanitary societies, publishers of books on hygiene, sanitary engineers, inventors of sanitary machinery and appliances, and, indeed, all who are in any way connected with hygiene work, are invited to make exhibits in this department.

CHARACTER AND SCOPE OF EXHIBIT.

A review of the classification which follows will give an idea of what the exhibit will include. As vital statistics constitute the foundation of hygiene work, special attention will be given to illustrating the subject. To this end, all the registration countries and states will be urged to make full exhibits. This will include their laws, rules, methods of collecting vital statistics, methods of tabulation, analysis and reporting. There will also be exhibited the health laws and rules of foreign countries and all the states; also city health ordinances, full sets of reports, methods of administration and results.

Hygiene literature, such as publications of sanitary associations, essays, works on hygiene and sanitary science, etc., will be on file. There are already promised, and now in course of preparation, full and costly exhibits illustrating the propagation of vaccine, diphtheria antitoxin, and all prophylactic serums. It is expected that

this exhibit will be of extra interest. Prominent sanitary engineers have promised to show plans, specifications, elevations and photographs of water-filter plants, both of the mechanical and sand-bed kinds; also of septic tanks, broad irrigation, sand filtration, and chemical methods of sewage disposal. Photographs, plans and specifications of plants already in operation will also be shown.

The foreign and home schools of hygiene will be fully represented, and this exhibit will be of unusual value-for all advance in hygiene, as in other sciences, lies in education and discovery. Emergency hospitals, sanitary tenements, sanitary dwellings, home sanitary appliances, garbage collection and disposal, ventilation, lighting and heating of school-houses, theaters, churches and other public buildings, railway sanitation, disinfection, disposal of the dead, etc., will all be completely illustrated.

A HYGIENE LABORATORY.

An important feature of the hygiene exhibit will be a modern, completely equipped, hygiene laboratory, in working operation. In it will be continually conducted all manner of actual chemical and bacteriological examinations which are required in modern disease-prevention work. Arrangements will be made with the health authorities of cities, towns and country within five or six hours' reach of St. Louis, to send in diphtheria and scarlet fever cultures, samples of blood for malaria and typhoid tests, sputum for pneumonia, influenza and tuberculosis tests; also waters for chemical and bacteriological examination, and food and drugs for chemical analysis. In addition to notification of results to the senders of specimens, bulletins will be issued for the inspection of visitors. It is expected the laboratory and its practical work will be valuable in showing to all officials and other citizens how necessary such an institution is if preventable diseases are to be efficiently opposed.

GROUP 140.

CLASS 791.—(a) Sanitary Legislation. Laws, ordinances, bylaws, rules, under which exhibiting health boards work.

CLASS 791-(b) Investigation. Explanation, records, charts, illustrations of investigations.

CLASS 791—(c) Literature. Reports of health boards, sanitary reports of national governments, works on hygiene and sanitary science, reports of sanitary societies, health circulars, essays on health, works on foods, etc.

CLASS 792-(a) Prevention of Infectious Diseases. Methods of discovery and reporting of incipient and pronounced cases of in

fectious diseases, methods of isolation and quarantine, use of vaccines and prophylactic serums, disinfection, infectious disease hospitals and rules for management, laboratory work, destruction and exclusion of insects.

CLASS 792-(b) Municipal Sanitation. Street paving, street cleaning, garbage collecting, garbage disposal, sewers, sewer cleaning, hospitals, dispensaries, disinfecting stations, portable disinfecting apparatus, public drinking fountains, parks, public baths, public sanitaries, tenements.

CLASS 792-(c) Sanitary Engineering. Plans, specifications, elevations, photographs of methods of sewage disposal. Also plans, etc., of plants for the purification of water, as sand filtration, mechanical filtration, electrical purification. Plans of sewer systems, best materials for construction, etc. Descriptions and photographs of water sheds. Preservation of streams from pollution. Preventing smoke nuisances.

CLASS 792—(d) School Sanitation. Plans, elevations, specifications, photographs, illustrating sanitary schoolhouses. Medical inspection of school children, physical training, proper seats and 'desks, print of school books. Drinking fountains. Sanitaries.

CLASS 793-(a) Industrial Sanitation. Regulations governing the sanitary conduction of industries. Ventilation, warming and lighting of factories and work rooms. Fire escapes and other safeguards against accident and disease. Production of vaccines, prophylactic and curative serums. Car sanitation, boat sanitation, sanitary care of public vehicles.

CLASS 793-(b) Home Sanitation in Villages and Country. Plans, specifications and elevations of an ideal sanitary house or dwelling. Foundations, cellars, heating, ventilation, lighting, plumbing, disposal of sewage and slops, water supply, kitchen, bathroom, bedrooms, clothing, exclusion of dust and insects. All to be illustrated by drawings, models, photographs.

CLASS 793-(c) Domestic and Public Hygiene Appliances. Street cleaning machinery, garbage carts, models of garbage crematories, sections and models of street paving, ash and garbage receptacles, ventilating grates and stoves, furnaces, cooling appliances, domestic water filters, refrigerators, domestic water-stills, domestic garbage burners, commodes, earth closets, insect

screens, etc.

CLASS 794-Food and Drug Inspections. Pure food and drug laws, rules and regulations for enforcement. Explanation of methods of collection of food and drug samples. Analyses, reports,

prosecutions. Printed reports of results. Amount of money allowed for the work.

CLASS 795-Vital Statistics. Laws, rules and ordinances governing the collection of vital statistics. Methods for collecting, tabulating, classifying, analyzing, etc. Forms of blanks used, published results and graphic charts. Calculation of death, sickness, birth and marriage rates.

CLASS 796-Disposal of the Dead (Earth Burial). History. Arguments for and against, with illustrations. Burial of bodies. dead of dangerous transmissible diseases. Best kind of soil. Modern embalming with consequent retardation of destruction. Sites for cemeteries. Cremation-Literature concerning cremation. Photographs, plans, elevations, specifications of crematories; also descriptions and illustrations of furnaces and all accessories.

J. N. HURTY, M. D. Superintendent Section of Hygiene.

AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TUBER

CULOSIS.

To be Held October 3, 4 and 5, 1904, Under the Auspices of the Universal Exposition, at St. Louis, 1904, and of the

American Congress on Tuberculosis.

President, E. J. Barrick, M.D., Toronto, Ontario.

First Vice-President, F. E. Daniel, M.D., Austin, Tex.

Second Vice-President, Ex-Chief Justice L. Bradford Prince, Santa Fe, N. M.

Third Vice-President, Dr. Charles K. Cole, Helena, Mont. Fourth Vice-President, Dr. Sofus F. Nelson, Pulman, Wash. Fifth Vice-President, Dr. A. M. Linn, Des Moines, Iowa. Secretary, Samuel Bell Thomas, 116 Nassau St., New York. Treasurer, Clark Bell, 39 Broadway, New York.

MY DEAR DR. BELL:

THE SANITARIAN.

In compliance with your request for my appreciation of THE SANITARIAN from my viewpoint as associate editor for more than twenty years, on the eve of your retirement and the merging of THE SANITARIAN with "The Popular Science Monthly," I will endeavor to do so as tersely as I may by excerpts from its pages, with which I heartily concur, but to which I would add, if I could command words of more exalted significance.

THE SANITARIAN from the outset, indeed from its announcement by prospectus in February, 1873, for the terseness of its stated purpose, "to so present the results of the various inquiries which have been, and which may hereafter be made for the preservation of health and the expectations of human life, as to make them most advantageous to the public and to the medical profession; to awaken public attention to the extent of the field, and to the facts indicating how beneficently it may be cultivated, by showing the amount of ill-health and mortality from preventable causes of disease; by pointing out the nature of those causes and the way in which they operate; by showing that such causes are removable, and by exhibiting improved health, longevity and happiness as the fruits of their removal."

This announcement, as shown by the correspondence in the early numbers, attracted the attention of many distinguished members of the medical profession and other persons, who have here given thought to the possibilities of preventive medicine.

How well THE SANITARIAN has accomplished its purpose is measurably shown by letters addressed to the editor in June number (vol. 28), 1892, occasioned by an article in the same number taken from the "Brooklyn Medical Journal" of two months before, on "The Practical Sanitarian as Illustrated by a Life Sketch of A. N. Bell, A.M., M.D., by Stephen Smith, A.M., M.D., LL. D. The inference from Dr. Smith's article, written nineteen years. subsequently to the advent of THE SANITARIAN, would, at first thought, seem to suggest that it was a sequel of what THE SANITARIAN had accomplished. But, on the contrary, it shows the basis of it, which the editor had taken no pains to make known at the outset of THE SANITARIAN, with evident purpose, as he in substance announced that THE SANITARIAN should speak for itself.