Reg. Orig. 31, 33; New Nat. Brev. 84.-Admittendo in socium, a writ for associating certain persons to justices of assize. Reg. Orig. 206. ADMONITIO (Ant.) edicto admonere, rescripto admonere, &c. an injunction or proclamation.-Admonitio fustium, a beating with sticks, which was a military punishment. ADMONITIO (Archæol) a summons, particularly of debtors. ADMORTIGATION (Archæol.) the reduction of the property of lands or tenements to mortmain. ADNATA (Nat.) or Adnascentia, perpus, from adnascor, to grow to adnate, or adherent; an epithet for what grows upon animal or vegetable bodies inseparably, as hair, &c. or accidentally, as fungus, &c. Plin. l. 16, c. 93. ADNATA (Anat.) or adnascentia; branches that sprout out of the main stock, as the veins and arteries.—Adnuta tunica, the coat of the eye which makes what is called the White. Winslow. ADNA'TUS (Bot.) adnate, growing or fixed to, as applied to off-sets, or small bulbs produced from the main bulb and closely adjoining to it, as in Narcissus, Lily, Hyacinth, &c.-Adnatus is also applied to different parts of plants, as the leaf, stipule, &c. as Folium adnatum, a leaf adhering to the stem.-Stipula adnata, a stipule adhering to the petiole.-Anthera adnata, an anther closely attached to both sides of the filaments.-Stylus adnatus, a style adhering to the corolla, as in the Canna. Linn. Phil. Botan. ADNI'CHELLED (Law) the same as annulled. A'DNOUN (Gram.) the same as substantive. ADONIA (Ant.) 'Adana; festivals in Sicily, in honor of AD'ONIC verse (Poet.) Metrum Adonicum; a short kind of verse used first in bewailing the death of Adonis. It consists of a dactylic dimeter catalectic; or, more properly, of a dactyle and a spondee; as, rov Aowviv, or "Fundite fletus." Serv. Centrimet.; Plot. de Met. || ADO'NIDIS horti (Hort.) or Adonis Horti, i. e. the gardens of Adonis; plants, flowers, &c. in pots or boxes set on the outside of windows, &c. Plin. 1. 19, c. 19. ADO'NIS (Bot.) Pheasant's-Eye, or Bird's-Eye; a genus of plants, Class 13 Polyandria, Order 7 Polygynia. Generic Character. CAL. perianth five-leaved; leaflets obtuse.-Cor. petals from five to fifteen.-STAM. filaments very short; anthers oblong.-PIST. germs numerous; styles none; receptacle oblong; seeds numerous. Species. The principal species are the Adonis aestivalis, or sylvestris, tall Adonis, an annual.—Adonis autumnalis,|| common Adonis, or Bird's-Eye, an annual.-Adonis vernalis, or Flos Adonis, perennial or spring Adonis, a perennial.—Adonis appennina, or Helleborus niger, appennine Adonis, a perennial.-Adonis capensis, Actaea trifoliata, Christophoriana Africana, Ranunculus Æthiopicus, cape Adonis, a perennial.-Adonis vesicatoria or Imperatoria. Dod. Stirp. Hist. Pemptad.; Ger. Herb.; Raii Hist. Plant.; Pluk. Almag. Botan. A'DONISTS (Lit.) those who contend against the Hebrew points; in distinction from the Ichorists, who maintain their use. ADOPTER (Chem.) a chemical vessel, with two necks interposed between the retort and receiver. ADOPTIA'NI (Eccl.) adoptianists; a sect of heretics in the 8th century, who denied that Christ was the proper or natural, but only the adopted, son of God. Their heresy was condemned in a synod at Frankfort, held by Charlemagne in 794. Hor. Hist. Eccles. per. 2, art. 2. ADOPTIO (Ant.) Adoption; a solemn act among the Greeks and Romans, whereby a man made another his son, investing him with all the rights and privileges of that relationship. It was distinguished from arrogatio, in as much as the former was done by means of the Prætor, and the latter by means of the people. Aul. Gell. 1. 5, c. 19. ADOPTIO (Numis.) the form of adoption is painted on the medals of Adrian and Trajan, as in the subjoined cut, CAES. GER which represents on the obverse, the head of Trajan crowned, and the inscription NERVA TRAIAN CAEŠır GERManici NERvæ AUGusti Filius Potestate TRibunitia; on the reverse, Nerva, in a military habit, with a spear in his left hand, offering his right hand to Trajan, with the legend ADOPTIO. Vaillant. Numis. Imp. Roman. Tristan. Commentaires Historiques, vol. 1, p. 378. ADOPTION (Hier.) is represented by the figure of an elderly woman embracing a youth with her right arm, and holding in her left the eagle called ossifraga, which is said to reject her young for a time, and afterwards to take them again. ADOR (Bot.) dep, another name for Spelta. A'DORAT (Chem.) a chemical weight of four pounds. ADORATIO purpura (Ant.) a mode of saluting the emperors among the Romans, by lifting up their purple with. the right hand and applying it to the lips, in imitation of the worship or adoration which they offered to the gods. Ammian Marcel. 1. 15, c. 5; Cassiodor. 1. 11. ep. 20; Pancirol Notit. Dig. Imper. Occid. c. 30; Buleng. de Imp. Roman. 1. 1, c. 11. ADORATION (Ant.) adoratio, from ad and os, i. e. to apply the hand to the mouth; a mode of reverence anciently shown to the gods, by raising the right hand to the mouth and applying it gently to the lips. "In adorando dextram ad osculum referimus." Plin. 1. 28, c. 2. This kiss was called osculum libatum. The Romans performed the ceremony of adoration veiled, to all the gods except Saturn, whom they worshipped as the god of truth, from whom nothing should be concealed. Apul. Apol.; Spartian in Adrian, c. 26; Turneb. Adversar. 1. 18, c.6; Stuck. de Sacrif. p. 5; Kipping. Antiq. Roman. 1. 1, c. 9, s. 5. A'DOS (Chem.) water wherein iron has been extinguished. ADOS (Mil.) a French term for a bank of earth raised against a wall. A double (Mus.) or, double A, i. e. A below G gamut. ADOSCULATION (Bot.) joining or inserting one part of a plant into another. Grew. Anat. of Plants. ADO'XA (Bot.) Fumitory, or Hollow Root; a genus of plants, Class 8 Octandria, Order 4 Pentagynia. Generic Characters. CAL. perianth inferior.-COR. monopetalous.-Clefts ovate.-STAM. filaments subulate; anthers roundish.-PIST. germ below the receptacle of the corolla; styles simple; stigmas simple.-PER. a globose berry; seeds solitary. Species. The only species is the Adoxa moschatellina, Moschatellina moschatella, Ranunculus, Fumaria bulbosa, Bulbous Fumitory, Hollow Root, Tuberous Moschatell; a perennial, native of Britain. Ger. Herb.; Park. Theat. Botan.; Raii. Hist. Plant.; Mer. Hist. Plant. AD pondus omnium (Med.) signifying that the last pre scribed medicine ought to weigh as much as all the medicines mentioned before. ADPRESSUS (Bot.) appressed, or squeezed close to; an epithet applied to different parts of a plant, as-Folium adpressum, a leaf that turns up and lays its upper surface to the stem, as if pressed to it by violence.-Calyx adpressus, a calyx that is close to the peduncle.-Pedunculus adpressus, one that is close to the branch or stem. AD quod damnum (Law) a writ to inquire whether a grant to be made by the king, as a market, fair, &c. will be to his damage. F. N. B. 221, &c. ADRA'CHNE (Bot.) àdpáxin; a tree which is found in great abundance in Crete, on the hills of Leuce, and in stony places; and is called by the modern Greeks, ädpanλu. Theoph. 1. 1, c. 8; Clus. Hist. 1.1, c. 31. According to Pliny, it must be distinguished from A'dax, which is a herb. " Adrachnen omnes fere Græci portulacæ nomine interpretantur, cum illa sit herba et andrachne vocetur." Plin. 1. 13, c. 22. A'DRAGANTH (Bot.) the name of a herb, which is the ADRIANISTS (Ecc.) two different sects of heretics of this ADRO BOLON (Chem.) Indian Bdellium. Gorr. Def. Med. ADROGA'TION (Ant.) the adoption of persons_grown to an age to dispose of themselves. [vide Adoption] A'DROS (Med.) dps, plump and full; applied to the habit of the body, and also to the pulse; dos puyos, a full pulse. Hippocrat. de Genit. &c.; Gal. de Meth. Med. 1. 14; Gorr. Def. Med.; Foes. Oeconom. Hippocrat. ADROTERON (Bot.) a plentiful grain. ADSCENDENS (Bot.) vide Ascendens. ADSCRIPTI (Math.) an epithet for the tangents of arcs. ADSCRIPTITII (Ant.) vide Ascriptitii. ADSE'RTOR (Ant.) the asserter and supporter of another's liberty; from adserere manu in libertatem, to maintain the freedom of another; to bail him and advocate his cause. Fest. de Signif. Verb. ADSESSORES (Ant.) vide Assessores. ADSTRICTION (Med.) from ad and stringo, to bind. 1. The styptic quality of medicines. 2. The retention of the natural evacuations, particularly those of the bowels. AD terminum qui preterit. (Law) a writ for the lessor, or his heirs, against a tenant who holds lands or tenements after the expiration of the lease. F. N. B. 201. ADVANCE (Com.) anticipation of time; as when money is paid in advance before goods are delivered. "To be in advance with a merchant:" to lend him money. Advance for the drawer of a bill; when the person who negotiates it receives more than the contents. Advance for the payer and loss for the drawer; when he to whom the bill belongs does not receive the full value of it. ADVANCE upon seamen's wages (Mar.) wages paid before they are due. Every volunteer is entitled to an advance of two months' wages before he proceeds to sea. TO ADVANCE money (Com.) to be at the expense of an undertaking before the time of being reimbursed. ADVANCE (Mil.) or advanced, an epithet for any part of an army which is in front of the rest; as, the advance guard, the first line or division of the army ranged or marching in battle array; it is also said of a battalion, or of guns, when brought in front and before the first line. It is figuratively applied to the promotion of the officers and soldiers. ADVANCE fosse (Fort.) a ditch thrown round the esplanade or glacis of a place. ADVANCER (Hunt.) one of the starts or branches of a buck's attire, between the back antler and the palm. ADVANCEMENTS of money in the bank (Com.) monies advanced by the Bank, on Government and other good securities. ADVANTAGE ground (Mil.) the ground that gives superiority or an opportunity for annoyance and resistance. A'DUAR (Polit.) a name for the moveable villages erected of tents, among the Arabians. A Due or A 2 (Mus.) for two voices. A'DVENT (Ecc.) adventus. 1. The coming of our Saviour. 2. The feast commemorative of the Advent, which falls about a month before Christmas.-Advent Sundays, the four Sundays preceding Christmas Day, the first commencing either with that Sunday which falls on St. Andrew's day, namely, the 30th of November, or the nearest Sunday to it, before or after. ADVENTITIOUS (Law) Adventitius, from advenio; what comes incidentally; as, adventitia bona, goods that fall to a man otherwise than by inheritance; or, adventitia dos, a dowry given by some other friend beside the parent. ADVENTITIOUS glandules (Anat.) kernels which sometimes make their appearance in the neck, holes under the arms, &c. ADVENTITIOUS matter (Phy.) matter which does not properly belong to any body or substance, either natural or mixed, but comes to it from some other place, as in the freezing of water, when some frigorific particles adventitious to the water are added, either from the air or the freezing mixture. AD ventrem inspiciendum (Law) Vide Ventre inspiciendo. ADVENTURĖ (Com.) i. e. at a venture; goods sent out at a venture. ADVENTURE, bill of, a writing signed by a merchant, to` testify that the goods shipped on board a certain vessel are at the venture of another person, he himself being answerable only for the produce. ADVENTURER (Com.) 1. A person not known or established in public business; a trickster. 2. A merchant's ship that goes to traffic within the limits of a company's grant without licence. ADVENTURERS (Com.) those who by the name of proprietors undertake the settlements of distant colonies. ADVENTURERS, a name also applied to the enterprizing pirates who joined together against the Spaniards in the West Indies, otherwise known by the name of Buccaneers. ADVENTURERS (Her.) or Merchant Adventurers, the name of an ancient company of merchants or traders, erected for the discovery of lands, territories, trading places, &c. hitherto unknown. This society had its rise in Burgundy, under John, Duke of Brabant, in 1428; and, being translated into England, was successively confirmed by Edward III., and IV., Richard III., Henry IV., V., VI., and VII., who gave it its present name. They bear for arms, Nebule of six pieces, argent and azure, on a chief quarterly or and gules; in the first and fourth two red roses, and in the second and third a lion of England. ADVENTURERS Merchant (Com.) those who adventure their goods to sea, in distinction from inland traders. ADVENTURINE (Com.) a precious stone of a yellowish brown colour. ADVENTUS (Numis.) the arrival of the emperors at Rome and other places was commemorated by medals struck in G AD commemoration of the event. The inscriptions employed on such occasions were as follow: ADVENTUS AUGUSTI, seu AUG. IMP. on the coming of Trajan to Rome after the death of Nerva, U.C. 852, A.D. 99. ADVENTUS AUG. S. C. on Adrian's first arrival at Rome as emperor, U.C. 871, A.D. 118. ADVENTUS AFRICE, on his arrival in Africa, U. C. 876, A.D. 123. ADVENTUS GALLIE, on his arrival in Gaul.-ADVENTUS ITALIE, on his arrival in Italy. ADVENTUS JUDEÆ, on his arrival in Judea. ADVENTUS MAURITANIE, on his arrival in Mauritania. VENTUS ASIÆ, on his arrival in Asia. ADVENTUS BITHYNIÆ, on his arrival in Bithynia. ADVENTUS CILICIA, on his arrival in Cilicia. ADVENTUS HIS PANIÆ, on his arrival in Spain. ADVENTUS PHRYGIÆ, on his arrival in Phrygia. ADVENTUS SICILIE, on his arrival in Sicily. ADVENTUS AUG. COS. III. P.P. on Adrian's return to Rome, U.C. 887, A.D. 134. ADVENTUS AUG. S. C., on the arrival of M. Aurelius from Germany, U.C. 927, A.D. 174. ADVENTUS AUG., on the return of Commodus from the conquest of Germany, U. C. 933, A.D. 180. ADVENTUS AUG. IMP., on the return of Severus from Asia, U.C. 949, A.D. 196. ADVENTUS AUG. FELICISSIMO, S.C., on the triumphant return of Severus from Gaul, U.C. 954, A.D. 201. ADVENT. AUGG., on the triumphant return of Severus from Parthia, U. C. 955, A.D. 202. ADVENT. AUG., on the triumphant return of Antoninus Caracalla from the East with his father, U.C. 955, A.D. 202. ADVENTUS AUGG., on Caracalla's return with his brother, and with the ashes of his father, U.C. 964, A.D. 211. ADVENTUS AUGG., on the return of Philip with his son to Rome, U.C. 998, A.D. 245. ADVENTUS AUGG., on the arrival of Trajan Decius at Rome after having conquered Marinus, U.C. 1002, A.D. 249. ADVENTUS, AUG., on the return of Q. Hostilianus to his father, with his brother Decius. This medal is supposed by Vaillant. to belong properly to Decius, as history gives no account of the arrival of Hostilianus at Rome from any place. ADVENTUS AUG. S. C. on the return of Trebonianus Gallus to Rome after his victory, U.C. 1004, A.D. 251. ADVENTUS AUGG. S.C. on the triumphant arrival of Gallienus from Germany, U.C. 1007, A.D. 254. ADVENTUS AUG., on his return from his victory over Regillianus, U. C. 1012, A.D. 259. ADVENTUS AUG., on the triumphant return of Gallienus from Thrace and Macedonia, U.C. 1016, A.D. ADVENTUS AUG., on the return of M. Aurelius Claudius from his victory over Aureolus, U.C. 1021, A.D. 268. ADVENTUS AUG. IMP., on the coming of Tacitus to the army, U.C. 1029, A.D. 276. VENTUS PROBI. AUG. XXI., on the arrival of Probus after his conquest of the Germans, U. C. 1029, A.D. 276. ADVENTUS AUG. H. S. on the return of Probus to Rome after his conquests in Gaul, U.C. 1024, A.D. 281. ADVENTUS AUG. R.X.Z., on the first arrival of Dioclesian at Rome, U. C. 1037, A.D. 284. FELIX ADVENTUS AUGG. N.N., on the triumphant return of Dioclesian and Maximianus, U.C. 1055, A.D. 302. ADVENTUS AUG. on the return of Carusius into Britain, U.C. 1044, A.D. 291. FELIX ADVENTUS AUG. N. CON. on the arrival of Constantine at Constantinople after the Gothic war, A. D. 334. ADVENTUS AUGUSTI ROM. IMP., on the arrival of Jovianus at Rome, after the conquest of the Persians, A. D. 364. The manner of representing the adventus was either in the form of a religious or military ceremony, as in fig. 1, where the emperor Adrian, on his arrival in Sicily, is represented standing near a tripod; opposite to him the goddess Ceres crowned with ears of corn, and offering other ears. 263. AD In on horseback, preceded by a figure of victory, and emblematical of their successes over the Goths. ADVENTUS jocundus (Archæol.) a tribute paid to the lord on coming to any dignity. A'DVERB (Gram.) adverbium, i. e. verbo adjectum, a part of speech added to a verb to complete its signification. ADVERSA'RIA (Ant.) quia scriberentur in adversâ tantum et non in aversa pagina. A memorandum book, to note down whatever occurs, particularly in courts of Law; or a day-book for pecuniary purposes. Cic. Rosc. Com. c. 4; Salmas. de Usur. p. 147. ADVERSATIVE particle (Gram.) that which denotes some contrariety; as but, however, &c. ADVERSITOR (Ant.) qui in adversum it; a servant among the Romans who went to meet his master on the road. ADVERSUS (Bot.) an epithet for a leaf, as folium adversum, a vertical leaf; so called when its margin is turned towards the stem. Linn. Phil. Bot. To ADVERTISE (Com.) from adverto, to warn or give notice, to send notice to all merchants or traders when a bill or any thing else is lost, giving an exact description of ADVERTISEMENT (Com.) a name for any printed publication of circumstances, either of public or private in the same. terest. ADVICE (Com.) the communicating to another by letter what passes as a letter of advice, informing a correspondent that one has drawn upon him, or concerning the sending of goods, with the invoice annexed.--Advice to the Bank, notice to the proper clerks of bills payable, with an exact description of the contents and parties. ADVICE boat (Mar.) a small boat employed for carrying despatches and orders. AD vitam aut culpam (Law) an office held for the term of a person's life, or during his good conduct. ADULA'RIA (Min.) a subspecies of the Feldspar family. ADULT (Law) a term applied by civilians between fourteen and twenty-five years of age. ADULTERATIS judicii (Ant.) bribing the judges. ADULTERATION (Law) a general term for rendering the coin of the realm of less value than it ought to be: which comprehends debasing the coin, by the admixture of impure metals, or the use of an undue alloy, &c.; and counterfeiting the coin, which is forging a stamp upon a baser metal. The former is sometimes from state-necessity an act of authority; but the latter is always the fraudulent act of individuals for purposes of private gain. ADULTERATION (Med.) the debasing and corrupting of medicines. ADULTERINE (Law) a term in the Civil Law for the issue of an adulterous intercourse. ADULTERIUM (Ecc.) the intruding into, or invading a bishopric during the lifetime of the bishop, who was supposed to be allied to his church by a spiritual marriage. ADULTERIUM (Nat.) a term for ingrafting of trees. ADULTERY (Law) from ad and alter, another person; a criminal conversation between two married persons, or a married and an unmarried person. ADULTERY (Med.) an overloading of the body with aliment at the instigation of the appetite. Paracel. ADUMBRATED (Her.) an epithet for any figure in coat armour which is borne so shadowed or obscured that nothing is visible but the bare purfile, or, as the painters call it, the outline. ADUMBRATIO (Bot.) the whole history of a plant, comprehending the name, etymology, class, character, difference, variety, synonyms, description, figure, place, and time. Linn. Phil. Bot. ADUMBRATION (Her.) the shadow or outlines only of the arms borne by a family in decay. A'DVOCATE (Law) 1. A pleader in the civil or ecclesiastical law, who maintains or defends the right of his client in the same manner as the counsellor does in the common law. -Lord Advocate, an officer of state in Scotland appointed by the king to advise about the making and executing law, to defend his right and interest in all public assemblies, to prosecute capital crimes, &c.-College or faculty of advocates, a college consisting of 180 appointed to plead in all actions before the lords of session.-Church or ecclesiastical advocates, pleaders appointed by the church to maintain its rights. 2. A patron who has the advowson or presentation to a church. Glan. 1. 13, c. 19, 1. 4, c. 7; LL. Longobard, 1. 2. ADVOCATIO (Ant.) 1. A calling or assembling together a multitude of friends with cries and clamour to one's assistance: Virginius filiam suam obsoleta veste, comitantibus aliquot matronis, cum ingente advocatione in forum deducit. Liv. 1. 3, c. 47; Pollet. For. Rom. 1. 2, c. 1. 2. The office of an advocate or pleader, pleading either for or against a person: In fine sententiae adjecit, quod ego et Tacitus injunctá advocatione diligenter, fortiter functi essemus. Plin. 1. 2, ep. 10; Pollet. For. Rom. 1. 2, c. 1. 3. A delay of judgment granted at the request of either party wishing for further time to prepare an answer and to take advice. Cic. in Verr. 1. 1, c. 49, et ad Fam. 1.7, ep. 2; Senec. de Consol. ad Marc. c. 10, et de Ira. 1. 1, c. 16. ADVOCATION (Law) a writing in the Scotch Law drawn up in the form of a petition, called a bill of advocation, whereby a party in an action applies to the supreme court to advocate its cause, and to call the action out of an inferior court before itself.-Letters of advocation are the decree or warrant of the Supreme Court, or court of Session, discharging the inferior tribunal from all farther proceedings in the matter, and advocating the action to itself. ADVOCATIONE decimarum (Law) a writ that lies for tithes demanding the fourth part or upwards that belong to any church. Reg. Orig. 29. ADVOCATUS (Ant.) amicus quem litigator ad cum vocat; advocate, or one who was called to assist another man in his cause by his presence, his counsel, his testimony or otherwise: Armatos homines, quos in Senatum induxerat, Antonius consul advocatos vocat, vellem adesset sine advocatis. When the advocate was employed to plead the cause of the defendant, in a court of law, he was styled patronus. Cic. Philipp. 1, c. 7, et Ascon. in Cic. p. 20. ADVOW (Law) or Avow, from advocare, to justify; an act formerly done, as, in the case of things stolen, he in whose possession they were found was obliged advocare i. e. to produce the seller in order to justify the sale. Fleta. ADVO'WEE (Ecc.) an advocate of a church or religious house. [vide Adascatus] ferent kinds, as-Advowson appendant, when it depends upon a manor, &c.—Advowson in gross, when it belongs to a person and not to a manor.-Advowson presentative, when the patron presents to the Bishop.-Advowson collative, when it is lodged in the Bishop.-Advowson donative, when the king or patron puts the clerk into possession without presentation.-Advowson of the moiety of the church, where there are two several patrons, and two incumbents in the same church.-A Moiety of Advowson, where two must join in the presentation of one incumbent. -Advowson of religious houses, that which is vested in any persons who founded such a house. ADU'STION (Med.) an inflammation of the parts about the brain and its members. Oribas. Synopsis, 1. 5, c. 13. ADU'STUS (Med.) from aduro, to burn; adust, or adusted, i. e. scorched, burnt, as applied to the fluids of the body when they are rendered acrid by the heat. ADVOWISON (Law) from advow or advocare, a right of presentation to a church or benefice. He who possesses this right is called the patron; when there is no patron, or he neglects to exercise his right within six months, it is called a Lapse, i. e. a title given to the ordinary to collate to a church; when a presentation is made by one who has no right it is termed a usurpation.-Advowsons are of dif A'DY (Bot.) a name for the Palm-tree, in the island of St. Thomas. Raii Hist. Plant. ADYNA'MIA (Med.) áduraμía, from a, priv. and durápers, potentia, impotence or weakness. Hippoc. Coac. Prænot. 1. 1, &c.; Gal. Comm. et Different. Morb. c. 5, et Defin. Med. &c.; Goor. Defin. Med.; Foes. Oeconom. Hippocrat. It is formed into an order of diseases under the class Neuroses. Cullen's Nosology. ADY'NAMON (Med.) adror, from adrapia, impotentia ; a fictitious wine allayed with water, and boiled away so as to make it of a suitable strength for weak patients. Dioscor. l. 5, c. 13; Plin. l. 14, c. 16. A'DYTUM (Ant.) durer, that part of the temple to which there is no aditus or admission, except for the priests, from a, priv. and do, to enter. Cæs. de Bell. Civil. 1. 3, c. 105; Paus. 1. 10. ADZ (Carp.) or addice, a tool similar to an axe, but having its blade athwart the handle. EACE'A (Ant.) games in honour of Eacus. Isocrat. in Evagor.; Hesychius.; Meurs. Græc. Fer. apud Gronov. Antiq. Græc. tom. vii. p. 710. EA'CIDES (Ant.) Alaxin, a patronymic for Achilles, Peleus, and other descendants of Eacus. Hom. Il. 1. 9, v. 184, &c.; Virg. Æn. 1. 1, v. 99, &c.; Paus. l. 1, c. 10. ÆANTI'A (Ant.) Aaría, a festival in honour of Ajax at Salamis. Isocrat. in Evagor.; Plut. in Demosth.; Pausan. 1. 2, c. 29; Schol. in Pind. Olymp. od. 7; Meur. Græc. Fer. apud Gronov. Antiq. Græc. tom. vii. 710. ÆBUTIA Lex (Ant.) a law, so called from one of the Æbutian family in Rome, by whom it was made, prohibiting the proposer of a law from bestowing any office on himself or his colleagues. Cic. Agrar. orat. 2, c. 8. ÆCHMO'LOTARCH (Ecc.) a title given by the Jews to the principal leader or governor of the Jews during their captivity; a head of their religion like the Episcopus Judæorum now in England. [vide Aichmolotarch] E'DEPOL (Ant.) an oath by Pollux which, at first, could be taken by the women only, but in time became common among the men as well as the women. Aul. Gell. 1. 11, c. 6. TI E'DES sacræ (Ant.) sacred edifices which were temples in every respect, except the want of consecration. EDES (Numis.) a temple was dedicated to Faustina, the wife of Antoninus Pius, who died in the third year of his reign, and was deified by the senate. The annexed cut represents this temple as it is given on a medal of Faustina, with the inscription AEDes DIVæ FAVSTINE. Vaillant. Numis. Imperat. Roman.; Mediob. Occo. Numis. Imperat. Roman. ÆDI'CULA (Ant.) a small ædes or temple, which was in every village or parish, answering to the parish church of the present day. EDILES (Ant.) Ronan magistrates so called, a cura ædium, i. e. from the care of the temples, which were particularly entrusted to their charge. They had moreover to see that all public buildings, streets, and highways were kept clean, and in good repair; to make provision for public games, funerals, and other spectacles; to take care of weights and measures; and to inspect the markets, &c. At first two ædiles were chosen from among the plebeians, to which others were afterwards added from the patricians. Ascon. in Cic. Sigon.; de Jur. Civ. Roman.; Hotoman de Majis. Rom.; Manutius, Bulengerus, Pighius, Ursatus, &c. apud Græc. Thesaur. Antiq. Roman. The Ediles were distinguished into the-Ediles plebeii, who were chosen from the plebeians in the Comitia curiata as assistants to the tribunes. Dionys. Hal. 1. 6 ; Liv. 1. 2, c. 56.-Ediles curules, so called from the curule chair in which they sat, were created, U. C. 388, from the patricians, to provide for certain public games. Liv. 1. 6, c. 42.-Ediles cereales were created by Cæsar for keeping the records in the temple of Ceres. Dio. 1. 43.-Ediles alimentarii, known by that name from the abbreviation ÆDIL. ALIM., were especially charged with the care of the public granaries. Turneb. Adv. 1. 11, c. 10. ÆDILITIUM Edictum (Ant.) the sentence of the Ædile allowing redress to the purchaser of a beast. ÆDITUUS (Ant.) or æditumnus, according to Gellius, an officer who had the charge of the temples, so called from Edes tueri, i. e. to protect the temples. Varro de Lat. Lin. 1. 6, c. 2; Festus de Verb. Sign.; Aul. Gell. 1. 12, c. 10; Ursatus de Not. Roman.; Dempster. Paralip. ad Rosin. Antiq., et Guther. de Jur. Man. apud Græv. Thesaur. Antiq. Roman. vol. ii. p. 536, &c. ÆDOIA (Anat.) vide Pudenda. Æ'DOR (Or.) a sort of bird of the genus Muscicapa, or Fly Catchers. ÆDOSOPHIA (Med.) from άidoia, pudenda, and opiw, to send forth; a flatus passing from the uterus, or urinarybladder, through the vagina, or urethra. EGAGROPHILA (Med.) from ayaypos, the rock goat, and, the hair; little balls composed of hairs in the stomach of the goat, which have been employed medicinally. EGIAS (Med.) vide Egis. ÆGICERAS (Bot.) from at, a goat, and xipas, a horn; a genus of plants; Class 5 Pentandria, Order 1 Monogynia. Generic Character. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. petals five.-STAM. filaments five.-PIST. germ oblong.PER. capsule bowed; seed single. Species. The principal species are the-Egiceras majus, Rhizofera corniculata, or Mammosa fruticosum, &c.; a shrub, native of the Moluccas.-Egiceras minus, Umbraculum maris, a shrub, &c. Rumph. Herb. Amb.; Linn. Spec. Plant. EGIDIUM (Med.) aivov, a collyrium for inflamed eyes. EGILOPS (Med.) an abscess in the canthus, or corner of the eye near the nose; a disorder so called from ai, a goat, and, the eye, either because goats were peculiarly subject to it, or because those suffering from it had a cast in the eye like the goats, which Virgil describes to be transversa tuentibus hircis. Paulus Ægineta calls this abscess Anchilops, before it has broken, and Egilops afterwards; Fallopius and others give it the name of Fistula lachrymalis. [vide Anchilops, &c.] Gal. Def. Med.; Cels. 1. 7, c. 7; Oribas de Loc. Affect. Curat. 1. 4, c. 32; Aet. Tetrab. 2, serm. 3, c. 85, &c.; Paul. Eginet. 1. 3, c. 22; Aet. de Meth. Med. 1. 2, c. 7; Fallop. Obs. Anatom. c. 6; Wiseman. Chirurg. Essay; Heist. Chirurg. part 2, sect. 2, c. 54. EGILOPS (Bot.) ayaw, from atę, a goat, and y, a face; received its name, according to Dioscorides, from its power to cure the disease in the eye, called the Ægilops. Theoph. 1. 8, c. 4; Diosc. 1. 4, c. 12. EGILOPS, in the Linnean system, a genus of plants; Class 23 Polygamia, Order 1 Monoecia, in English, Great WildOat-Grass or Drank. Generic Characters. CAL. valves ovate.-COR. glume bivalvular; nectary two-leaved; leaflets ovate.-STAM. filaments three; anthers oblong.-PIST. Germ turbinate; styles two; stigmas hairy.—PER. none; seeds oblong. Species. The principal species are the Egilops ovata, caudata, triuncialis, and squarrosa, which are mostly annuals, and of the Natural Order of Grasses. EGILOPS is also the name of the Andropogon contortium, and the Avena fatua of Linnæus. Raii Hist. Plant. ÆGINE TIA (Bot.) a species of the Orobanche of Linnæus. ÆGINETICUM as (Ant.) the money of Ægina, which was the first that was coined. El. Var. Hist. 1. 12, c. 20. ÆGINETON (Ant.) 'Arywnawv ieprù, a festival, celebrated at Ægina by the free denizens only, in honour of Neptune, which lasted sixteen days. Plut. Græc. Quæst. ÆGIPHILA (Bot.) from a, a goat, and pixiw, to like, because goats are fond of it; a genus of plant, Class 4 Tetandria, Order 1 Monogynia. Generic Characters. CAL. perianth one-leaved.-COR. petals one; tube cylindrical; clefts oblong.-STAM. filaments capillary; anthers roundish.-PIST. germ roundish; style capillary; stigmas simple.-PER. berry roundish; seed either in pairs or solitary. Species. The species are mostly shrubs, the principal of which are the-Egiphila Martiniensis, native of Martinique.-Egiphila elata, or Knoxia scandens, native of the West Indies.-Egiphila villosa, or Manabea villosa, a native of Cayenne. Brown. Hist. Jamaic.; Linn. Spec. Plant. ÆGI'RINON (Med.) aiysipver, a medicine; so called because the apes, i. e. the poplar, is the chief ingredient in it. ÆGIROS (Bot.) aiysipos xpx, the black poplar, which is used medicinally. Hippocrat. de Mul.; Foes. Oeconom. Hippocrat. Æ'GÍŠ (My.) Avis, a shield, particularly Jupiter's shield, so called because it was supposed to be covered with the skin of the goat a, named Amalthea. Jupiter afterwards gave it to Minerva, who placed upon it a Medusa's head, as represented on a medal of Syracuse, according to the annexed figure. Goltz. Græc. mag. tab. 4, numm. 6. EGIS (Med.) an affection of the eye when it has small «ivides, i. e. cicatrices. which cause a dimness of sight. Hippocrat. Prædict. 1.2; Foes. Oeconom. Hippocrat. Æ'GITHUS (Or.) ayos, a very little bird, said by Aristotle to be at variance with the ass. Aristot. de Hist. Anim. 1. 9, c. 6. ÆGLEFINUS (Ich.) a name for the Hadock, a species of the Gasamundus of Linnæus. Will. Ichth. 'GLEUS (Bot.) another name for the Chamæleon. ÆGOCEPHALA (Or.) a name for the common Godwit; a species of the Scolopax of Linnæus. Will. Ornith. ÆGO'CERAS (Bot.) aiyóxspas, the Greek name for the herb called Foenugreek. Gorr. Def. Med. EGOCE'RATOS (Bot.) the Hugonia mystax of Linnæus. Raii Hist. Plant. EGO'CEROS (Astron.) the same as Capricornus. ÆGOLE THRON (Bot.) from ait, and as@pos, pernicious; a plant answering to the Azalea portica of Linnæus, or the Chamarodendron of Tournefort. Plin. 1. 21, c. 13; Tournef. Instit. ÆGO'NYCHON (Bot.) yux, the Greek name for the Lithospermum of Linnæus. Dioscor. 1. 2, c. 158. |