affirmative? More than 20 college presidents say "Yes," and not one is found expressing a contrary opinion. A few of the presidents state that venereal diseases have always been negligble among their students, but the testimony of the large majority (of those who consider the matter) is that the last few years have witnessed a substantial and, in some instances, a very marked decrease in the number of venereal cases. It would not, of course, be in keeping with scientific accuracy to contend that the opinions set forth have the potency of facts. In but few instances have conditions in college or elsewhere been statistically verified. In fact, there are available very little reliable data respecting the prevalence of venereal diseases. The largest group thus far subjected to examination was the second million drafted men. Examination at mobilization camps showed that 5.6 per cent of these men had a venereal disease at the time of examination upon arrival at camp. This percentage includes only obvious cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, and chancroid. Wassermann examinations were not given. Furthermore, this percentage does not include those who had been cured prior to the day of examination, or who may have become infected later. Assuming, however, that 5.6 per cent fairly represents the percentage of venereal diseases among unselected groups of the population at any one time, it is obvious that the rate among college students, judged tentatively by the evidence at hand, is decidedly lower. Whether college students as a group have always been superior in this regard to the general community, the present rise in the college standard being simply a reflection of higher community standards, or whether the college group as compared with the community actually occupies a relatively higher position to-day than a decade or more ago, are questions which, if answered, would throw considerable light upon the effectiveness of the movement for venerealdisease control. But leaving aside the refinements which these questions suggest, there is still the hopeful sign that college students are observing more and more the principles of hygienic living. How much of this progress may rightfully be attributed to the organized warfare against venereal diseases conducted by governmental (local, State, and National) and volunteer agencies, and how much to the more subtle campaign through the health and hygiene courses within the colleges, are also matters of speculation. Health education is undoubtedly having a telling effect. College students are avoiding, more and more, the contacts which menace health and undermine virility. This, in the light of what the college presidents say, appears reasonably certain. STATE AND INSULAR HEALTH AUTHORITIES, 1922. 1 DIRECTORY, WITH DATA AS TO APPROPRIATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS. Directories of the State and insular health authorities of the United States for each year from 1912 to 1921 have been published in the Public Health Reports for the information of health officers and others interested in public-health activities. These directories have been compiled from data furnished by the respective State and insular health officers and include data as to appropriations and publications. Where an officer has been reported to be a "whole-time" health officer, that fact is indicated by an asterisk (*). For this purpose a "whole-time" officer is defined as "one who does not engage in the practice of medicine or any other business, but devotes all his time to official duties." ALABAMA. Board of censors of the State Medical Association, Thos. E. Kilby, governor, ex officio chairman, S. W. Welch, M. D., Montgomery. V. P. Gaines, M. D., Selma. 8. G. Gay, M. D., Selma. E. S. S'ege, M. D., Mobile. A. N. Steele, M. D., Anniston. H. S. Ward, M. D., Birmingham. B. L. Wyman, M. D., Birmingham. R. S. Hill, M. D., Montgomery. Executive health officer: Reprints Nos. 83, 123, 190, 268, 344, 405, 488, 544, 605, and 706 from the Public Health Reports. F. O. Mahony, M. D., president, El Dorado. C. F. Crosby, M. D., Heber Springs. H. L. Montgomery, M. D., Gravelly. H. R. Webster, M. D., Texarkana. O. L. Williamson, M. D., Marianna. Leonidas Kirby, M. D., Harrison. S. A. Southall, M. D., Lonoke. Executive health officer: *C. W. Garrison, M. D., State health officer, Little Rock. Bureau of vital statistics: *Mrs. Mary Ellis Brown, statistician, Little Rock. Hygienic laboratory: *S. F. Hoge, M. D., acting director, Little Rock. Bureau of sanitation and malaria control: *M. Z. Bair, chief sanitary engineer, Little Rock. Bureau of venereal discase control: *C. W. Garrison, M. D., director, Little Rock, Bureau of child hygiene: *Frances Sage Bradley, M. D., director, Little Rock. Appropriations for biennial period ending *Charlotte Greenhood, San Francisco. *L. E. Ross, director, Sacramento. Bureau of registration of nurses: *Anne C. Jamme, R. N., director, San Fran cisco. Bureau of tuberculosis: *Edith L. M. Tate-Thompson, director, Sacra mento. June 30, 1923: Executive department-salaries and Bureau of child hygiene.... Bureau of social hygiene.... 38.560 51,600 Bureau of sanitary engineering.. Tuberculosis-Subsidy and adminis tration (administration, $60,000)... Public health nurses.... 68,770 600,000 10,000 10,000 Plague and parasitology (emergency) Dental hygiene.. 5,000 15,000 Totul.... 1,218, 625 Available for laboratory construction..... 95, 748. 42 Other sources of revenue: Medical practice, registration fees. Publications issued by health department: Monthly bulletin. Annual vital statistics report. Biennial report of State department of health. Board of health: DELAWARE. Wm. P. Orr, M. D., president, Lewes. W. F. Haines, M. D., Seaford. L. S. Conwell, M. D., secretary State board of Pathologist and bacteriologist: *Herbert J. Watson, Newark. Appropriations for the fiscal year ending Jan. 7, 1923: Edward K. Root, M. D. S. B. Overlock, M. D. C.-E. A. Winslow, D. P. H. James W. Knox. Robert A. Cairns, C. E. James A. Newlands. Executive health officer: Executive health officer: *Wm. C. Fowler, M. D., health officer, Washington. Assistant health officer: M. D., Washington. Board of health: FLORIDA. Calvin T. Young, M. D., president, Plant City. F. Clifton Moor, M. D., Tallahassee. *Raymond C. Turck, M. D., State health officer, Jacksonville. Bureau of vital statistics: *Stuart G. Thompson, D. P. H., director, Jacksonville. Bureau of sanitary engineering: *George W. Simons, jr., director, Jacksonville. Bureau of diagnostic laboratories: *B. L. Arms, M. D., director, Jacksonville. Bureau of communicable disease and health units: *George A. Dame, M. D., director, Jacksonville. Bureau of child welfare: *William B. Keating, M. D., director, Jacksonville. Appropriation for health department: One-quarter mill tax levied upon the assessable Fiscal year ends December 31. Pamphlets covering all phases of public health. 1 For fiscal year ending June 30, 1923. Board of health: GEORGIA. W. H. Doughty, jr., M. D., president, Augusta. T. F. Abercrombie, M. D., secretary, Atlanta. A. D. Little, M. D., Thomasville. M. L. Brittain, State superintendent of schools, Peter F. Bahnsen, State veterinarian, ex officio, Executive health officer: T. F. Abercrombie, M. D., commissioner, *Joe P. Bowdoin, M. D., deputy commissioner, Division of venereal disease control: *Joe P. Bowdoin, M. D., director, Atlanta. Division of county health work: *M. F. Haygood, M. D., director, Atlanta. Division of malaria control: *M. A. Fort, M. D., director, Atlanta. Division of laboratories: *T. F. Sellers, M. Sc., director, Atlanta. Division of sanitary engineering: *H. C. Woodfall, director, Atlanta. Division of serology: *E. L. Webb, director, Atlanta. State tuberculosis sanatorium: *Edson W. Glidden, 2d, M. D., superintendent, Alto. Bureau of vital statistics: *W. A. Davis, M. D., director, Atlanta. Division of child hygiene: *Dorothy Bocker, M. D., director, Atlanta. *Alice Moses, M. D., assistant director, Atlanta. Georgia training school for mental defectives: *George H. Preston, M. D., Gracewood. Division of accounting and purchasing: *C. L. Tinsley, director, Atlanta. Appropriations for the fiscal year ending Dec. 31, 1922: General appropriation.... $81, 431.09 50,000.00 10,000.00 25,000.00 Total appropriation by legislature. 166, 431.00 Venereal disease control (Federal. Government funds)....... Central administration-county health work (International Health Board funds). Central administration-malaria control (International Health Board funds). Maternity and infancy (Federal Government funds).. Grand total. 16, 163.64 3,845.00 2,017.08 111,000.00 189,456.72 |