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tages of the United States, ibid-their exports, 41-imports, 42
-home and foreign trade, 43-tonnage, 44-tonnage of Bri-
tain, France, and other nations, 45-United States coasting
trade, and navy, ibid- emancipation of Spanish America, 46—
its importance to Britain; to the United States, 47-junction
of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, 48-negotiations with
Britain and President Adams for emancipating Spanish
America, 49-necessity of exertion on the part of Britain, 50.
CHAPTER III.
MANUFACTURES OF THE UNITED STATES.
Connexion between agriculture and manufactures, 52-folly
of forcing manufactures, 55-their condition in the United
States, 55-efforts to establish their monopoly, 56-its evil,
57-mechanical skill of the United States, 58-their chief
manufactures; amount, quality, and value, 59—in the different
States, 61-and in particular places, as Patterson, Philadelphia,
62--Wilmington, Pittsburg, 63—steam-boats, 65-Fulton, ibid.
CHAPTER IV.
FINANCES OF THE UNITED STATES.
Necessity of internal taxation, 67-United States taxes
established, destroyed, 68-mistaken economy of the United
States, 69-standing army of the United States; of Britain,
70-importance of taxation, and moneyed institutions, 71-
national debt of the United States, 72-loans of last war, 73-
sinking fund, 74-revenue of the United States, 75—customs,
duties, &c. 76-internal taxes, 81-their apportionment, 82—
United States property in land, slaves, &c. 83-its rapid
increase, 85-public lands, 86-finances of the United States
for 1817, 8-aggregate of the United States' capital, income,
and expenditure, 89-do. of Britain; her deficit, 90-do. of
France, and other powers, 94-purchase of Florida, 95-con-
trast between the energy of the United States and supineness
of Britain, 96-importance of Cuba to Britain, 97-feverish
state of Europe, ibid-preponderance of Russia, ibid-Holy
League, 98-combination of Europe and the United States
against Britain, ibid.
CHAPTER V.
GOVERNMENT, POLICY, AND LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES. United States governments all elective, 99-importance of political economy, ibid-characteristic differences between ancient and modern governments, 100-best works on political
philosophy, 106-mischief of monopolies, whether mercantile,
or manufacturing, or agricultural, 108-the essentials of a good
government, 109-national sovereignty of the United States,
Ill-advantages of a written constitution, 112-importance of
studying American polity, 113-relation of General and State
governments, 114-their probable duration, ibid-Barbe de Mar-
bois, 115-G. Morris, ibid-Federal Constitution of the United
States; its powers and representatives, 116-evils of frequent
elections, 117-of voting by ballot, 120-of universal suffrage,
121-of qualifications in the elected, ibid-of disfranchising the
clergy, 122-Senators of the United States; how appointed,
123--importance of a durable Senate, 124-evils of excluding
cabinet officers from the legislature, 130-of under-paying the
public servants, 132-executive negative, 134-money-bills,
137-general powers of congress, 138-evils of the present
location of the seat of the Federal Government, 139-slave
system in the United States, 148-in the world, 149-abolition
of the slave-trade by the United States, 150-evils of slavery,
151-slaves burned alive in the United States, 152-attempt
in the United States to colonize free blacks, 153-best writers
on the United States government and policy, 156-papers of
General Hamilton, 158-powers of the United States Execu
tive, 159-President; Vice President; how chosen, 160-evils
of caucus, ibid-joint powers of Executive and Senate, 165-
evils of multitudinous executive in the States generally, and par-
ticularly in New-York, 167-executive power of pardoning; its
importance, 172-abused in the United States, 174-Judicial
powers of the United States, 175-evils of cashiering Judges at
sixty, 177---requisites of independence in judiciary, 178-their
dependence in many states, 180-power of American judiciary
over legislative Acts, 183-which not known in any other coun
try, 184-usurpation of Georgia Legislature over the judiciary
187-importance of such power in the judiciary, ibid-diversity
of laws in the United States; its evil, 190-crime committed in
one State not punishable in another, 193-duelling; General
Hamilton and his son, 194-importance of uniform laws in the
United States, 195-miscellaneous powers of Congress, 196-
amendments of the Federal Constitution, 197-how made, 199
-unsuccessful attempts to make, 201-by Senator Hillhouse,
ibid-the Hartford Convention, 202-General Hamilton's
plan of the United States Constitution, 203-paper constitu
tions, necessity of a vigorous administration of the Federal
Government, 207-Presidents Washington, Adams, Jefferson,
Madison, Monroe, 208-effects of the Washington administra
tion on the United States, 209-duty of a wise government to
exclude foreigners from all political privileges, 210---necessity
of preserving and strengthening the federal Union, 211-evils
of its disruption, 213-all new governments weak; instanced
in Britain and the United States, 215-general government of
the United States too weak in itself, 217-its probable career,
218-chief characteristics of American institutions, 220-popu-
lation of the United States better, their government weaker,
than those of Europe, 221-chief defects in all governments,
ancient and modern, 222-peculiar adaptation of the United
States governments to its people, 225-Mr. Jay's parallel
between European and American Governments, 220-general
course of all free government, 228-superior physical, intel-
lectual, and moral qualities of the American people, 229-
increased power of the people, all over the world, 230-
Emperor Alexander, 231-M. Talleyrand, 232-relative
importance of the United States, eastern and western sections,
233-probable consequences of western predominance, 234-
general conviction, in the United States, of superiority of
American to the British people, 235—the great question at issue
between American and European governments, 256-Resour-
ces of the United States relatively greater than those of Bri-
tain, 237-the revolutionary question supported by the United
States and Continential Europe against England, 241-its
probable result, 242-danger of British Colonies, particularly
Canada; its maladministration, 243-Cuba once offered to
Mr. Jefferson, 245-Spanish American Colonies must fall to
the United States, whom Britain cannot conciliate, 246—
Vienna Treaty, 247-Holy League, ibid-United States more
formidable to Britain than Russia, 248-Mr. Jackson's (the
British Ambassador to the United States,) opinion of the
American people, 249-their capacity and character, in peace
and war, 250-political parties in the United States, 251-
their views and objects, ibid-home policy of the United States,
252-their skilful diplomacy, ibid-its importance, 253-skilful
diplomacy of France and Russia contrasted with the diplo-
matic blunders of England, 254-origin and progress of the
armed neutrality, from 1754 to 1815, 259-causes of England's
unskilful diplomacy, 265-her intrinsic home power, 267-Mr.
Jefferson's prophecy concerning her, in 1782, 269-LAWS of
the United States and the world generally, 270-their study
most important, 271-necessity of Lectures on, in the United
States, 273-effect of the study of law on the human under-
standing, 275-Mr. Burke, 276-Mr. Canning, 277-author
of Pursuits of Literature, 278-Lord Thurlow, Lord Kenyon,
Lord Bacon, 279-superiority of the common to the civil law,
283-its prevalence in the United States, 284-outline of legal
study, 285-some defects in the juridical system of America,
286-no remedy against the United States or a separate State,
ibid-bad insolvent laws, 287-lower law-officers badly
appointed, ibid-usury, ibid-poor laws, 288-New-York
Sunday School Union, ibid-defects of New-York Constitution,
292-necessity of amending New York Constitution, ibid-its
Court of Errors, &c. 293--no Bar in a frée country can be
overstocked, 294-lawyers govern the United States, ibid-the
American Bar averages a greater amount of talent than the
British, 295-characteristics of American and British elo-
quence; of ancient and modern speaking, 297-of American
and British law-reporters, 302-English crown-lawyers and
New-York lawyers, 303.
"
CHAPTER VI.
ON THE LITERATURE OF THE UNITED STATES.
"The United States and England," 304-Mr. Southey;
Editors of the Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviews, 305-United
States under-rated in Europe, 306-Franklin's refutation of
the French theory, 307-causes of the United States literature
being defective, 308-no want of American genius, 309-gene-
ral course of readers and writers in the United States, 310-
too early practical life in the United States, 313-periodical
publications, 314-perpetual change, 315-necessity of an
original Review in the United States, 316-elementary educa-
tion in the United States; in Britain, 319-saying of George
the Third, ibid-Greeks and Trojans in the United States,
importance of universal education, ibid-liberal education
defective in the United States, 321-grammar-schools, 322-
grammar decried in the United States, 323-its defence,
324-colleges in the United States, 327-want of Lectures in
the United States, 328-education injured by clerical mono-
poly, 329-elocution in the United States vitious and nasal,
331-pronunciation of English, Greek, and Latin tongues,
336-formal dulness a bad qualification for a professor, 339-
importance of enthusiasm in a teacher, 340-outline of Lec-
tures on Belles Lettres and Rhetoric, and on Moral Philosophy,
341-gradational studies, metaphysics, mathematics, physics,
classics, 343-outline of liberal education in England, 345-
in Scotland, 347-importance of composition in prose and
verse, 349-neglect of general literature in United States pro-
fessions, 350-its importance to all professional men, 351-pro-
sody universally murdered in the United States, 352---United
States writers, 353-history, 354-novels, ibid-poetry, 355-
Marshal's Washington, 356-periodical works, 357-M'Fin-
gal, 358-Mr. Wirt; Fisher Amese, 359-Colden's Fulton,
360-Mr. Walsh, 361-medical science in the United States,
363-Fine Arts, 364-remedies proposed for literary deficien-
cies of the United States, 365-learned societies in the United
States, 367-Governor Clinton, 368-importance of a National
University in the United States, 369-female education in the
United States, 371-Mr. Griscom, ibid-Miss H. More, 372.
ON
CHAPTER VII.
THE HABITS, MANNERS, AND CHARACTER OF THE
UNITED STATES.
General ignorance of foreigners, particularly the British,
respecting the character of the United States, 374-causes of
that ignorance, 375-M. Talleyrand's notions of the American
character, ibid-national gratitude, what, 376-basis of the
United States character, 377-identity of language, 378-
United States national loyalty, 380-M. Talleyrand mistaken
as to the American character, 381-course of colonial settle-
ments, 384-United States; how settled and peopled, 385-
foreign emigrations to the United States; Irish colony; French
establishment, 387-slaves, their number and effect in the
United States, 388-religion the basis of all national charac-
ter, and gauge of all national prosperity, 392-serious chasms
of religious ordinances in the United States, 394-infidelity
in the United States, ibid-Virginia; Louisiana, 395-neces-
sity of religion to human communities, 396-experiment of
national infidelity made in Europe, 397-the three eras of pa-
ganism, superstition, and infidelity in the history of the world,
and their gradational effects upon mankind, 398-infidelity →
allied with the revolutionary question, exemplified in France
and England, 403-United States calmness in religion, 405—
Dr. Priestly, 407-no national church in the United States;
of whose population one-third without any religious ordinances,
408 evils of exclusive State religion, 409-of tithes, 410
-spirit of the Age; Archbishop Laud; Lord Clarendon,
411-prevailing sects in the United States; their church-
government, 412-American clergy, 413-collegiate chuches,
414-religion and hypocrisy are substance and shadow, 414-
Sunday-Schools, Missionary and Bible Societies in the United
States, 415---study of S. S. 416---Owen's History of the Bri-
tish and Foreign Bible Society, 417---morals and manners of
the United States, 419---New-England, 420---Middle States,
422---Southern States, 423---American women, ibid---slave
population deteriorates morals, 424---caged slave in Virginia,
425---Western States, 426---Americans locomotive and mi-
gratory, 427---western settlers, 428---general manners of the
United States, 430---physical activity and strength of Ameri-