Coast-ways 60 4,442 228 57 4,290 10 214 80 7,779 58 386 218 121,264 123|1,082|| Total, | 198 |20,076|116 |1,033 Year ending 5th Jan. 1807. From G. Britain 24 4,868 46 266||For G. Britain) 13 | 241| 29,632|116 | 1,289 [102 | 14,621| 42 By observing the increase of the as marked in the preceding table, may be inferred U. States 128 8,780 2 535 35 787 1458/40,448 | 143 | 2,292 trade coast-ways, Scotia, always by far the most valuable branch of the commerce of every country, has been augmented within the last five years. Although the following table has been already inserted in a former part of this work, it is again inserted here on account of its immediate bearing upon the effect really produced upon Britain by the American embargo, so different from the effect intended by the framers of that unique measure. Exports of British produce and manufactures into the United States, in the year ending 5th January, 1807, 8,613,122 12,865,551 1808, 7,921,120 12,097,942 1809, 3,992,052 5,302,866 1810, 4,564,798 7,146,203 Greatest year of British exports to the U. States ending 5th January, 1807, Least year, Decrease, 1809, 12,865,551 5,302,866 7,562,685 To which must be added all the profit derived to Britain from employing her own shipping and sending her own goods direct to the Spanish and Portuguese colonies, instead of suffering them, as heretofore has been done, to be transmitted in American bottoms and for the benefit of the merchants of these United States, which addition together with the greater exportation would give an increase of commercial profit to Britain of at least £8,000,000 annually. That the British West-India trade has not been ruined by the commercial restrictions of the United States may be seen from the following account of the number of ships employed in that trade during the years ending 5th January, 1804-1810, inclusive. In February, 1810, was concluded a commercial treaty between Britain and the Brazils, which cannot fail to increase very considerably the trade of both countries. By the 6th article Britain is empowered to purchase and cut down timber in the forests of the Brazils for building ships of war within the Brazilian ports and harbors. By the ninth article it is de clared that the inquisition shall not be established in the South-American dominions of Portugal. The treaty throughout is founded on the basis of an entire reciprocity between the two nations, the goods, merchandise, and manufactures of Britain are to be admitted into the Portuguese ports in Europe, America, Asia, and Africa, on paying a duty of £15 per cent. ad valorem. The treaty is subject to the British colonial system, whence sugar, coffee, and other articles the produce of Brazil, similar to the productions of the British colonies, are excluded from the markets and home consumption of the British dominions, but they may be received and ware-housed in the British ports appointed by law to be warehousing ports for those articles, for the purpose of reexportation. The Portuguese executive reserves to itself the right of imposing heavy or prohibitory duties on all British East-India goods and West-India produce. All trade with the Portuguese on the East coast of Africa, formerly allowed to the British, except dealing in slaves, is confirmed. The principle of the Methuen (the treaty made by Mr. Methuen) treaty respecting the wines of Portugal and the woollens of England, remains unaltered. Saint Catharine is declared a free port. The treaty may be examined and revised at the end of fifteen years. Perhaps it may be allowable to state that the commerce of New South Wales is greatly increasing and promises to become highly beneficial to the mother country. The intercourse between this colony and the Fegee islands is extremely active. In the year 1809 eight vessels were fitted out at New South Wales and brought cargoes from those islands of more than 40,000 seal skins which average in England £1 10s. a skin. For an animated but perhaps an exaggerated account of the trade of these convict-colonies, see M. Peron's "Voyage de Découvertes aux Terres Australes," &c. a Paris, 1807. This writer says "In the harbor (of Port-Jackson in the town of Sydney) were re-assembled a multitude of vessels recently arrived from different countries of the globe, the greater part of them destined for new and hazardous voyages. These, fitted out on the banks of the Thames and the Shannon, were proceeding to the whale-fishery on the wintry coast of New-Zealand; those intended for China, after landing their cargoes for the use of the colony, were proceeding to sail towards the mouth of the yellow river. Some laden with coal were about to proceed to the Cape of Good Hope and to India. Several smaller craft were preparing for a coasting voyage to Bass's strait; other vessels of a stronger construction, manned by more adventurous sailors, and provided with arms, were fitting out for the western coast of America, stored with merchandise of various kinds; these vessels were intended to establish by force of arms a contraband commerce with the inhabitants of Peru, extremely advantageous to both parties. Here an enterprise was preparing for the North-West coast of America to carry on a lucrative commerce in furs; there they were hastening an expedition of armed vessels for the Navigator, Friendly and Society Islands, to import cargoes of salt provisions." Official value of exports from Britain to the WestIndies, Africa and Asia, in the years ending 5th Jan. 1806-1810, inclusive. W.India islands (4,096,1965,339,6125,433,26717,507,575 8,755,193 Africa 990,625 1,433,153 1,532,842 1,703,180 1,797,741 Asia 1,669,214 1,936,954 1,884,438 1,993,225 2,647,927 This part of the subject under consideration cannot be closed, without adverting to the fact, how much the commerce of Ireland has been increased by those very restrictions on trade which were in |