2. Verbs signifying to name, to choose or appoint, to make, to consider, and the like, which generally take two accusatives (§ 166), may take a partitive genitive in place of the predicate accusative; as, euè fès tŵv TETEιOμÉνWV, put me down as (one) of those who are persuaded.

3. The genitive after verbs sometimes expresses other relations of the adnominal genitive; as τὸ τεῖχος σταδίων v OKTú, the wall was (one) of eight stades (in length) (Genitive of Measure). Τὸ τεῖχος πεποίηται λίθου, the wall is built of stone (Genitive of Material). OỦ TÔV κακούργων οἶκτος (sc. ἐστίν), there is no pity felt for the evil-doers (Objective Genitive).

§ 170. 1. Any verb may take a genitive if its action affects the object only in part. E.g.

Πέμπει τῶν Λυδών, he sends some of the Lydians (but πέμπει τοὺς Λυδούς, he sends the Lydians). Πίνει τοῦ οἴνου, he drinks of the wine.

2. This principle applies especially to verbs signifying to share (i.e. to give or take a part) or to enjoy.

E.g.

Μετεῖχον τῆς λείας, they shared in the booty; ἀπολαύομεν τῶν iyalov, we enjoy the blessings (i.e. our share of them). So péteσti μο тоνтOν, I have a share in this (§ 184, 2, N.).

§ 171. 1. The genitive follows verbs signifying to take hold of, to touch, to claim, to aim at, to hit, to

attain, to miss, to make trial of, to begin. E.g.

Ἐλάβετο τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ, he took his hand; οὔτε πυρὸς οὔτε ἔρωτος ἑκὼν ἅπτομαι, I willingly touch neither fire nor love; τῆς ξυνέσεως μεταποιοῦνται, they lay claim to sagacity; στοχάζεσθαι τῶν ἀνθρώπων, to aim at the men; τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐφικέσθαι, to attain to virtue; ἔτυχε της δίκης, he met with justice ; σφάλλεται τῆς ἐλπίδος, he fails of (attaining) his hope; Tειрãσdαι тоî Tεixovs, to make an attempt on the wall; où noλéμov apxoμev, we do not begin war.

NOTE. Verbs of taking hold may have an object accusative, with a genitive of the part taken hold of; as ἔλαβον τῆς ζώνης τὸν Ορόνταν, they seized Orontas by his girdle.

2. The genitive follows verbs signifying to taste, to smell, to hear, to perceive, to understand, to remember, to forget, to desire, to care for, to spare, to neglect, to admire, to despise. E.g.

Ελευθερίας γευσάμενος, having tasted of freedom; κρομμύων ὀσφραίνομαι, I smell onions; φωνῆς ἀκούειν, to hear a voice; αἰσθάνεσθαι, μεμνῆσθαι, οι επιλανθάνεσθαι τούτων, to perceive, remeniber, or forget these things; ovviévai _åλλýλwv, to understand one another; τῶν μαθημάτων ἐπιθυμῶ, I long for learning ; χρημάτων peideolar, to be sparing of money; dóέns åμeλeiv, to neglect opinion; ἄγαμαι τῆς ἀρετῆς, I admire virtue, καταφρονεῖν τοῦ κινδύνου, το despise the danger (cf. § 173, 2, Note).

NOTE 1. Verbs of hearing, learning, &c., may take an accusative of the thing heard, &c., and a genitive of the person heard from; as πυθέσθαι τοῦτο ὑμῶν, to learn this from you (§ 176).

NOTE 2. For péλet and μerapéλe with the genitive and dative, see § 184, 2, N.

NOTE 3. Causative verbs of this class may take the accusative of a person and the genitive of a thing; as μή μ' ἀναμνήσῃς κακῶν, do not remind me of evils (i.e. cause me to remember them). But verbs of reminding also take two accusatives (§ 164).

3. The genitive follows verbs signifying to rule or to command. E.g.

Ερως τῶν θεῶν βασιλεύει, Love is king of the Gods; Πολυκράτης Σάμου ἐτυράννει, Polycrates was tyrant of Samos.

§ 172. 1. Verbs signifying fulness and want take the genitive of material (§ 167, 4). E.g.

Χρημάτων εὐπορεί, he has abundance of money ; οἱ τύραννοι ἐπαί Voν OUTоTE σTavisere, you tyrants never have a scarcity of praise. 2. Verbs signifying to fill take the accusative of the thing filled and the genitive of material; as datos TηV KÚλɩKα πλŋρоûν, to fill the cup with water.

NOTE 1. ▲éoμaɩ, I want, besides the ordinary construction (as TOÚTOV EdéOVTO, they were in want of these), may take a genitive of the person with a cognate accusative of the thing; as deýσoμai iμov μeтpíav déŋow, I will make of you a moderate request. See § 159, N. 2.

NOTE 2. Aei may take a dative of the person besides the genitive; as dεî μoι тоúтoν, I need this.

Causal Genitive.

§ 173. 1. The genitive often denotes a cause, especially after verbs expressing praise or dispraise, pity,

anger, envy, or revenge. E.g.

Τούτους τῆς τόλμης θαυμάζειν, to admire these for their courage; τούτους οἰκτείρω τῆς νόσου, I pity these for their disease; τῶν ἀδικημάτων ὀργίζεσθαι αὐτοῖς, to be angry with them for their offences.

2. Verbs signifying to accuse, to prosecute, to convict, to acquit, and to condemn take a causal genitive

denoting the crime. E.g.

Αἰτιῶμαι αὐτὸν τοῦ φόνου, I accuse him of the murder; διώκει μe Swpwv, he prosecutes me for bribery (for gifts); Kλéwva dopov NÓVTES KAÌ KλOπĥs, having convicted Cleon of bribery and theft; ἔφευγε προδοσίας, he was brought to trial for treachery, but ἀπέφυγε Tроdоσías, he was acquitted of treachery.

NOTE. Compounds of kará of this class commonly take a genitive of the person, depending on the κará. They may take also an accusative denoting the crime or punishment. Thus, odels αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ κατηγόρησε πώποτε, no man ever himself accused himself (§ 131, 7); Kaтayevdovтaí μov μeyáda, they tell great falsehoods against me, Φοίβου ἀδικίαν κατηγορεῖν, to charge injustice upon Phoebus.

3. The genitive is sometimes used in exclamations, to give the cause of the astonishment ; as ὦ Πόσειδον, τῆς Téxνns, O Poseidon, what a trade!

Genitive of Separation, of Comparison, of Source.

§ 174. The genitive follows verbs denoting to remove, to restrain, to release, to abandon, to deprive, and others implying separation. E.g.

Ἡ νῆσος οὐ πολὺ διέχει τῆς ἠπείρου, the island is not far distant from the main-land; πiorηun xwpišoμévn ȧpetîs, knowledge separated from virtue; λυσόν με δεσμῶν, release me from chains; ἔπαυσαν αὐτὸν τῆς στρατηγίας, they deposed him from his command; οὐ TаVEσÕE τÊS μоxOnpías, you do not cease from your rascality.

For two accusatives after verbs of depriving, see § 164.

§ 175. 1. The comparative degree takes the genitive when

Κρείττων ἐστὶ τούτων, he is better than these, πονηρία θᾶττον bavárov beî, wickedness runs faster than death.

NOTE. All adjectives and adverbs which imply a comparison may take a genitive: as ἕτεροι τούτων, others than these ; ὕστεροι τῆς μáxns, too late for (later than) the battle.

2. The genitive follows verbs signifying to surpass, to be inferior, and all others which imply comparison.

E.g.

*Ανθρωπος ξυνέσει ὑπερέχει τῶν ἄλλων, man surpasses the others in sagacity; Tou Tλýlovs πEрiyiуνeolau, to be superior to the multitude; ἱστερίζειν τῶν καιρῶν, to be too late for the opportunities.

E.g.

§ 176. The genitive sometimes denotes the source. Τοῦτο ἔτυχόν σου, I obtained this from you; τοῦτο ἔμαθεν ὑμῶν, he learned this from you.

Genitive after Compound Verbs.

§ 177. The genitive often depends on a preposition included in a compound verb. E.g.

Πρόκειται τῆς ̓Αττικῆς ὄρη μεγάλα, high mountains lie before Attica ; ὑπερεφάνησαν τοῦ λόφου, they appeared above the hill; οὕτως ὑμῶν ὑπεραλγώ, I grieve so for you; ἀποτρέπει με τούτου, it turns me from this.

For the genitive after certain compounds of kaтá, see § 173, 2, Note. See also § 193.

Genitive of Price or Value.

§ 178. The genitive may denote the price or value of a thing. E.g.

Δόξα χρημάτων οὐκ ὠνητή (sc. ἐστίν), glory is not to be bought with money; πόσου διδάσκει, for what price does he teach? μισθοῦ νόμους εἰσφέρει, he proposes laws for a bribe; ὁ δοῦλος πέντε μνών TiμâTai, the slave is valued at five minas.

Genitive of Time and Place.

§ 179. The genitive may denote the time within which anything takes place. E.g.

Πέρσαι οὐχ ἥξουσι δέκα ἐτῶν, the Persians will not come within ten years. Τῆς νυκτὸς ἐγένετο, it happened within the night (but τὴν výkтa means during the whole night).

Genitive with Adjectives.

§ 180. The objective genitive follows many verbal adjectives, which are chiefly kindred (in meaning or derivation) to verbs which take the genitive, but sometimes to verbs which take the accusative.

E.g.

Μέτοχος σοφίας, partaking of wisdom (§ 170, 2); ἔμπειρος κακών, experienced in evils (§ 171, 1); KATηKOOS TV yovéwv, obedient (lit. hearkening) to his parents; pedwλoì xpnμáτwv, sparing of money (§ 171, 2); ἐγκρατὴς ἑαυτοῦ, being master of himself; ἀρχικὸς ἀνδρῶν, fit to rule men (§ 171, 3); μeotòs kakŵv, full of evils (§ 172, 1); ἔνοχος δειλίας, chargeable with cowardice (§ 173, 2); διάφορος τῶν anov, distinguished from the others (§ 174).

Πόλεως ἀνατρεπτικός, subversive of the state; πρακτικὸς τῶν καλῶν, capable of doing noble deeds; φιλομαθὴς πάσης ἀληθείας, fond of learning all truth (§ 158).

§ 181. The possessive genitive sometimes follows adjectives denoting possession or the opposite. E.g.

Οἰκεῖα τῶν βασιλευόντων, belonging to the kings; ἱερὸς ὁ χῶρος τῆς 'Apréμdos, the place is sacred to Artemis.

For the dative after such adjectives, see § 185.

Genitive with Adverbs.

§ 182. 1. The genitive follows adverbs derived from adjectives which take the genitive. E.g.

Οἱ ἐμπείρως αὐτοῦ ἔχοντες, those who are acquainted with him; ávažíws Tηs Tóλews, in a manner unworthy of the state.

2. The genitive follows many adverbs of place. E.g.

Εἴσω τοῦ ἐρύματος, within the fortress ; ἔξω τοῦ τείχους, outside of the wall; ἐκτός τῶν ὅρων, without the boundaries; χωρὶς τοῦ σώματος, apart from the body; μεταξὺ σοφίας καὶ ἀμαθίας, between wisdom and ignorance ; πέραν τοῦ ποταμοῦ, beyond the river; πρόσθεν τοῦ στραTOTédov, in front of the camp.

Such adverbs, besides those given above, are chiefly evrós, within; δίχα, apart from; ἐγγύς, ἄγχι, πέλας, and πλησίον, near; πόρρω