Armies of Pestilence: The Impact of Disease on HistoryJames Clarke & Company Limited, 15. juni 2004 - 276 sider "We have lived in a world that had, until the arrival in 2020 of the coronavirus Covid-19, not suffered a serious pandemic for a century, and society had almost forgotten the enormous impact created by highly infectious diseases. Infectious diseases, however, played major roles in ending the Golden Age of Athens, wrecked Justinian's plans to restore the Roman Empire to its former glory, and killed untold millions in Latin America after the Spanish invasion. Armies of Pestilence explores the impact of these diseases on history. Despite their importance, historians have tended to minimise the role of infectious disease - partly because of a lack of scientific knowledge, and this has resulted in a distorted view both of the past and of the danger of disease to modern society. In Armies of Pestilence, R.S. Bray, a distinguished biologist who here shows himself also to be an able historian, corrects this view. The book surveys the principal epidemics around the world and across the centuries, in each case discussing the origins of the outbreaks, the symptoms, the mortality rate and the social and economic effect. Where particular diseases cannot be identified with certainty the best scholarly opinions are discussed. Bray pays special attention to the infamous Yersina pestis, the organism that caused the Black Death. Other diseases discussed include malaria, smallpox, typhus, cholera and influenza, and AIDS. One of the themes of the book is the relationship between disease and war, with the former often causing more deaths than the latter, as was the case with the great influenza pandemic of 1918-19, at the end of the First World War. The inability of governments to deal effectively with disease is also made clear." |
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Side
... reached the state of exact laws perceived and proclaimed by man so any general statement made here is subject to exceptions and in science the exception does not prove the rule in the sense of confirming it ; on the contrary it ...
... reached the state of exact laws perceived and proclaimed by man so any general statement made here is subject to exceptions and in science the exception does not prove the rule in the sense of confirming it ; on the contrary it ...
Side 2
... reached epidemic proportions , despite a certain seasonality which can always be dangerous with malaria . One would have expected epidemic malaria to dampen the very obvious enthusiasm to be seen in the waterfowl hunting expeditions ...
... reached epidemic proportions , despite a certain seasonality which can always be dangerous with malaria . One would have expected epidemic malaria to dampen the very obvious enthusiasm to be seen in the waterfowl hunting expeditions ...
Side 10
... reached the very edge of the Achaemenid Empire , but was there a medical reason for such urgings ? We hear remarkably little about the health of Alexander's army from the recorders who were pupils of Aristotle . It would seem reasonable ...
... reached the very edge of the Achaemenid Empire , but was there a medical reason for such urgings ? We hear remarkably little about the health of Alexander's army from the recorders who were pupils of Aristotle . It would seem reasonable ...
Side 12
... reached Rome itself in 166. Thousands died daily in Rome and Marcus Aurelius himself died of it . Galen is said to have fled from it but he was recalled by the joint Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Verus to advise on the control of the ...
... reached Rome itself in 166. Thousands died daily in Rome and Marcus Aurelius himself died of it . Galen is said to have fled from it but he was recalled by the joint Emperors Marcus Aurelius and Verus to advise on the control of the ...
Side 16
... reached Rome , he had to retire hastily from the city , not so much because of the entreaties of Pope St Leo but to save his diseased and ill - nourished troops from further travail . He crossed back over the Po to his eventual death ...
... reached Rome , he had to retire hastily from the city , not so much because of the entreaties of Pope St Leo but to save his diseased and ill - nourished troops from further travail . He crossed back over the Po to his eventual death ...
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1 | |
11 | |
19 | |
28 | |
35 | |
CHAPTER 6 The Black Death part 1 | 48 |
CHAPTER 7 The Black Death part 2 | 57 |
CHAPTER 8 The Black Death part 3 | 68 |
CHAPTER 16 Smallpox part 3 | 129 |
CHAPTER 17 Typhus part 1 | 135 |
CHAPTER 18 lYpbus part 2 | 144 |
CHAPTER 19 Cholera part 1 | 154 |
CHAPTER 20 Cholera part 2 | 167 |
CHAPTER 21 Cholera part 3 | 174 |
CHAPTER 22 Cholera part 4 | 187 |
CHAPTER 23 Influenza part 1 | 193 |
CHAPTER 9 Plague The Bombay Plague | 81 |
CHAPTER 10 Malaria part 1 | 89 |
CHAPTER 11 Malaria part 2 | 96 |
CHAPTER 12 Malaria part 3 | 101 |
CHAPTER 13 Yellow Fever | 107 |
CHAPTER 14 Smallpox part 1 | 114 |
CHAPTER 15 Smallpox part 2 | 123 |
CHAPTER 24 Influenza part 2 | 202 |
CHAPTER NOTES | 212 |
Bibliography | 223 |
Index | 237 |
Back Cover | 261 |
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