The World of the Worker: Labor in Twentieth-century America

AFL unions allies Amalgamated American auto workers became Bill Haywood black workers boss Brotherhood CIO unions cities civil-rights coal Communists company towns contract corporations craft unions created Debs decade defeat demands democracy Democratic Depression employers ethnic factory federal formed gained ghetto Gompers groups Homestead House of Labor immigrants increased industrial unionism Jewish labor force Labor History labor leaders labor market labor movement leadership Lewis Lower East Side ment militant million mills miners mobilized no-strike open-shop organized percent plant policies political president production protection Radical America rank-and-file reforms Reuther role Roosevelt secondary labor market segregation sit-down skilled workers social Socialist Party speedup steelworkers strategy strikers struggle SWOC tion took trade unions U.S. Steel unemployed union leaders unionists United unskilled urban votes wage earners wildcat strikes Wobblies women working-class WTUL