History of Europe: From the Fall of Napoleon, in 1815, to the Accession of Louis Napoleon, in 1852, Volum 6

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W. Blackwood and sons, 1857

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Scandalous increase of corruption in France 11 General frauds committed on the public
11
Influence of the passion for gain on literature and the press
12
Change it induced in the system of government
13
Position of Count Molé and his attention to the Court
15
Statistics of the army and social concerns 17 Last illness and death of Talleyrand
16
His character
18
Conspiracy of Hubert
19
ib 16 17 18 20 Louis Napoleon is obliged to leave Switzerland and come to England
20
Evacuation of Ancona 22 Affairs of Belgium 222 20
22
Military preparations and wild views of the Belgian republicans
23
Views of the English Cabinet on the subject 23
24
Obstinacy of the Belgians and military preparations of France and Prussia
25
Failure of the Bank of Brussels and settlement of the question
26
Differences of France and Mexico
27
Reflections on the attack of land defences by sea forces
28
Lord Londonderrys declinature of the office
29
Instances on each side
30
Probable conclusion on the subject
31
Coalition against and dissolution of the Chambers
32
VOL VI
33
Vain attempts to form a Ministry
34
La Société des Familles Its organisation
35
Which is changed into the Société des Saisons
36
Insurrection of May 12 which is suppressed
37
Second Ministry of Marshal Soult
38
Character of M Villemain
39
State of parties after this change
40
Trial of Barbès and the conspirators
41
Conviction and sentences of the accused
42
Views of Barbès and his associates in this conspiracy
43
Progress of the Napoleon party 42
44
Increased strength of the Government
45
28
46
Effect of this in restoring the House of Lords to their functions
47
Its pernicious effects upon Ireland
48
Liberal measures forced upon Government by the change
49
Great rise of Sir R Peel in general estimation from this short Adminis tration
50
5153 Argument of M Villemain on the other side
51
Marshal Soults measures in the East
54
Jouffroys exposition of the Government system
55
Affairs of Africa after the storm of Constantine
57
Their threatening aspect
58
Commencement of the insurrection
59
Vigorous defensive measures and successes of the French
60
Death of the Princess Maria of Würtemberg
61
Creation of twenty peers
62
Commencement of agitation for a lowering of the suffrage
63
View of the Liberals as to the government of the executive
64
Commencement of the session of 1840 the Kings speech
65
6669 Speech of M Thiers on the Eastern question
66
53
68
6163 64
69
Marriage of the Duke de Nemours and the Princess of SaxeCoburg Gotha
71
Dotation of the Duke de Nemours thrown out by the Chamber
72
Thiers second Ministry
73
29
74
Early measures of the Ministry
75
State of the public press
76
Bill regarding infant labour
77
Project for removing the bones of Napoleon to Paris
78
Inauguration of a pillar to Insurrection on the Place of the Bastile
79
Expedition of Louis Napoleon to Boulogne
80
8182 Failure of the enterprise
81
His trial and sentence of imprisonment
83
His life in prison and its beneficial results
84
Attempt of Darmès to assassinate the King
85
Disinterment of the bones of Napoleon
86
Reinterment of Napoleon in the Church of the Invalides
87
Political manifestations on the occasion
88
Threatening state of affairs in the East
89
Guizots account of the British policy in the East
90
Thiers answer
91
Withdrawal of the French fleet from the Levant
92
Memorandum of the Allied Powers
93
Immediate cause of M Thiers downfall
94
The new Ministry
96
Kings speech at opening the Chamber
97
107109 Answer of M Guizot 100101
100
Division in favour of Government
102
Continuance of the fortifications of Paris ib 112 Marshal Soults military view of the question
103
Alarming state of the finances
104
Treaty of Feb 13 1841 regarding the East
105
Great escape which Europe made at this period
106
Reflections on this treaty
107
Way in which this was brought about
108
30
109
CHAPTER XXXV
111
Leading evils of the Currency Laws ib 3 Grand error from which they spring
112
Danger of a currency mainly based on the retention of gold and silver
113
Partial but insufficient recognition of these principles in our monetary system
114
Double set of dangers of a currency based on the retention of gold ib 7 Remedy for these evils
116
The rise of interest in a monetary crisis is not owing to want of capital ib 9 Argument of the bullionists in favour of their system
117
Answer to this argument
118
Such a currency must be based on the national security
119
Effect of the monetary laws in inducing the prosperity of 1835
120
Jointstock mania
122
Burning of the two Houses of Parliament
123
The new Cabinet
124
Sir Robert Peels address to the electors of Tamworth
126
Peaceable manner in which the change was received in the country
127
Result of the elections in England
128
Returns in Scotland
129
Irish elections and junction of Liberals and Catholics there
130
ib 31
132
Difficulty about the household appointments which causes the negotia
135
Division on the choice of a Speaker 131
150
DOMESTIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND FROM THE RETURN OF THE WHIGS TO POWER IN APRIL 1835 TO THE ACCESSION OF QUEEN VI...
160
163
163
Reflections on this change 17 Its great defect
175
State of the West Indies
188
Commencement of the troubles in Canada
189
Demands of the discontented in both the provinces
190
Opening of the Assembly and demands of the Opposition
191
Opening of Parliament and Kings speech
193
Government plan and abuses complained of
194
Argument in support of the bill
196
The bill is carried in the Commons
200
The bill is essentially altered in the Lords and finally rejected in the Commons
201
Perils of this state of collision between the two Houses
202
Increased agitation against the House of Lords
203
Effects of this agitation in Ireland
204
Reestablishment of the Catholic Association
206
Report recommending a Poor Law in Ireland
207
History of the measure and causes of its long abeyance ib 47 Mr Nicholls Report and its awful revelations
209
English Tithe Bill and for registration of births deaths and marriages
210
Agricultural Distress Committee and refusal of currency investigation
212
The Budget
213
Deplorable weakness of the navy and army ib 52 Lord Dudley Stuarts remarkable speech on the Russian power in the East
215
Increasing discontents of Canada and settlement of the upper province
216
Violent proceedings of the Assembly in Lower Canada
217
Public meetings on both sides The banquets in London and Leeds
218
The Glasgow banquet to Sir R Peel
219
Opening of Parliament
221
Irish Corporations Bill ib 59 Poorlaw Bill which passes without a division
223
Statistics of Irish destitution
224
Great difference in the statistics of the two countries of Great Britain and Ireland
225
Final establishment of poorlaws there ib 63 Reflections on this subject
227
Ministerial plan for abolishing churchrates
228
65
229
66
231
67
232
68
233
69
234
71
235
Capture of the vessel by the Russians ib 72 Proceedings in Parliament on the subject which is dropped by Govern
237
74
238
7576 77
241
78
242
81
252
Excess of imports over exports
279
Bad seasons from 1836 to 1841
280
Calamitous harvests of 1838 and 1839
281
Bad crop of 1839
282
Crops of 1840 and 1841
283
Immense distress in the country during these years
284
Effect of these changes on the currency
285
Contraction of the currency rise of interest and stoppage of credit
286
General terror in Great Britain and America at the export of gold from England
288
Immense effects of this drain of gold on both sides of the Atlantic
290
Panic in Belgium and France
291
Distress in Great Britain ib 46 Decline of prices was the cause of this suffering
293
Effect of these disasters on the new PoorLaw Act
295
Dissatisfaction at the Act and its entire abrogation by the distress of 1839
296
Debate on the subject in the House of Commons
297
TradesUnions and Strikes Chartism and Ribbonism
298
Origin of tradesunions
299
Increase of strikes from 1834 to 1837 ib 53 Great Cottonspinners strike in 1837 and its breakup
300
Indictment of the Committee for conspiracy and murder
302
The trial and its results
304
Beneficial results of this trial
305
Vast importance of the subject and its general neglect
306
Causes of the little attention paid to them in society
308
Reason why strikes are of so frequent occurrence
309
Institution of the Darg
310
What is required in these cases to guard against the evil
311
Rise of Chartism from the same general distress
312
Six points of the Charter and causes of their popularity
313
Real objects of the Chartist hostility
314
Rise and progress of the Chartist movement
315
Chartist riot in the Bullring Birmingham
316
Declaration of the Duke of Wellington on the subject and great moral effect of the outbreak
317
Mr John Frost and the Newport riot
318
Attack on Newport and its failure
319
Origin of the AntiCornLaw League
321
Mr Cobden and Mr Villiers and first proceedings in Parliament on the subject
322
Free Kirk movement in Scotland
323
Origin of the secession and severance of the Scotch Church
324
Effects of the schism
325
Reflections on this subject
327
Affairs of Canada
328
Different temper of Lower and Upper Canada
329
Great effects in Canada of the American crusade against the banks
330
Approach of the contest in Lower Canada
332
Great results of these successes
335
Commencement of the insurrection in Upper Canada
336
Advance of the rebels
338
Mistake in the ordinance regarding the transportation of the prisoners
348
Difficulty when the prisoners arrived in Bermuda
349
Lord Glenelg proves unequal to the crisis
350
Lord Durham resigns
351
His valuable report on Canada
352
Fresh breakingout of the rebellion
353
Actions with the insurgents and their defeat
354
Defeat of the American invaders
355
Fresh rout of the Americans at Sandwich
356
State trials after the suppression of the insurrection
357
Execution of the leading American sympathisers ib 109 Reflections on this subject
359
Great change in the institutions of British North America
360
Effect of this upon the local Canadian government
361
Vast growth of Canada since 1841
362
Reflections on this wonderful increase
364
Adaptation of democracy to new colonies
365
Recent growth of this prosperity and opposite condition of the United States 36
366
Opposite state of the British provinces at this time 3
367
118120 Lord Broughams picture of the increased horrors of the slave trade 370
371
Reception of the emancipation in the West Indies
372
Difficulties consequent on it
373
Refractoriness of the Jamaica legislature and its dissolution ib 125 Fatal results of emancipation
375
Position of the Ministry ib 127 Government measures suspending the constitution of Jamaica
377
128129 Argument of Ministers in support of the bill
378
Ministers have only a majority of five and resign 380381
380
Real reasons of this step as assigned by Lord Melbourne
382
tion to fail
384
Observations of Sir R Peel Lord Melbourne and the Duke of Well ington on the subject
386
Election of a Speaker and second Jamaica Bill
387
CHAPTER XXXVIII
388
Her coronation
389
Her marriage to Prince Albert
390
Reflections on this auspicious event
391
His family and Protestant principles
392
Legislative measures of the period Criminal law
393
Reflections on this subject and the neglect of secondary punishments
394
Mode in which the change was brought about
395
1011 Important facts connected with emigration and colonisation brought out in this debate 397398
397
New colonial system of England
399
First settlement of British colonists in New Zealand
400
Postoffice reform Mr Hills plan
405
Results of the measure
406
Causes of its failure as a source of revenue
407
Stockdales case and the privilege of Parliament
409
Committal of the Sheriffs for breach of privilege
410
2324 Reflections on this subject
411
Murder of Lord Norbury and crime in Ireland
412
Statistics of Irish crime in 1837 1838 and 1839
413
Alliance of the Government with OConnell
414
Lord Normanbys wholesale liberation of offenders
415
The misery of Ireland and inadequacy of the remedies proposed
417
Which mainly arose from Ireland being the battlefield of parties
418
Deplorable state of the finances ib 32 Increased perils of the country in various quarters
420
Injustice of the general opinion on the subject
421
Slight increase of the army in 1839
422
Outery for the abolition of the Corn Laws
424
Mr Villiers motion for the repeal of the Corn Laws lost
426
Increased agitation on the subject ib 39 Attack on the Queen
427
Extreme difficulties of Ministers
429
New Reform Bill for Ireland and its fate
430
The Whig budget
431
Which is lost on a division
432
4447 Sir R Peels argument against the budget 433435
433
4852 Lord Palmerstons reply 436439
436
True principle on the subject
460
174
468
176
479
180
486
The protected States and their rapid decline
489
concludes the Mahratta peace
491
Lord Moiras Administration
492
Ghoorka war
494
Early disasters of the campaign ib 42 General Ochterlonys successes
497
Negotiations for a final treaty broken off by the Ghoorkas
498
Causes of the Pindarree war and their outrages
499
Lord Hastings great preparations and commencement of the war
500
Farther successes of Lord Hastings Battle of Kirkee
501
Second check of the Peishwa
502
Ravages of the cholera in Lord Hastings army
503
Victory of Lord Hastings and termination of the war
505
End of the war and of Lord Hastings administration
506
Reflections on Lord Hastings government of India
507
Amherst Administration and war with Burmah
508
Irruption of the Mughs and causes of discord with the Burmese
509
Resources of the Burmese and difficulties of the war
510
First operations of the war Taking of Rangoon
511
Slow progress of the war and sickness of the British
512
Successes of the British
513
Reverses sustained by them ib 61 Sufferings of the British in Rangoon
514
Reverses on the Arracan frontier
516
Victories of the British before Rangoon
517
Actions during the advance on Prome
518
Capture of Prome
519
Renewed difficulties of the British from sickness
521
Decisive victories of the British
522
Advance of the British towards the capital and submission of the Burmese
523
Renewal of hostilities and final defeat of the Burmese
524
Conclusion of peace
525
Reflections on the Burmese and Pindarree wars
526
The Burmese war was necessary and unavoidable
527
Treaty with the King of Siam
528
Mutiny at Barrackpore
529
Reflections on this event
531
Commencement of the difference with the Rajah of Bhurtpore
532
Increased disturbances at Bhurtpore and interference of the British
533
Commencement of the war and forces of the British
534
Commencement and difficulties of the siege
535
Progress of the siege
536
Assault of the place
537
Decisive results of this victory
538
Acquisition of Singapore in the Straits of Malacca
539
Character of the Affghans
560
Reflections on the chances of a Russian invasion of India
569
Commencement of the siege
583
The siege
584
Final assault
585
Extreme distress of the besieged
587
Interference of the English and raising of the siege
588
Great effects of the raising of the siege in Asia
589
Great effects of this defeat of Russia
590
Great mistake committed on this occasion by the English Government
591
Treaty for the restoration of Shah Soojah
592
Reflections on this treaty
593
Preparations for the Affghanistan expedition
595
Magnificent displays in the Punjaub
597
Commencement of the march
598
Early difficulties of the march through Scinde
599
Passage of the Indus and march through the Bolan Pass ib 62 Passage of the Bolan Pass
600
Increased sufferings of the troops ib 64 Reception of Shah Soojah in Candahar
603
Passage of the Kyber by Colonel Wades force
604
Great sensation in India from these events
605
181
606
182
607
Melancholy tragedy before Ghuznee and plan of the attack
608
Capture of the fortress
610
Results of the victory
611
Vain efforts of Dost Mahommed to make a stand and his flight ib 74 Entry of the British into Cabul
612
Honours bestowed on those engaged in the expedition
613
Flattering appearance of the country
614
Real causes of embarrassment to the Indian Government ib 78 Plans of Lord Auckland for the future in Affghanistan
615
Attack on Khelat
616
Pleasant quarters of the troops in Cabul in autumn and winter
617
Growing difficulties of the British position
618
Russian expedition against Khiva
619
Fresh difficulties in Affghanistan
620
Disquieting intelligence from Herat and the Punjaub ib 85 Threatening aspect of things in the Punjaub
621
Progress and varied success of the insurgents
622
Checks in the Bamian Pass
623
Further disasters in the Bamian ib 89 Dost Mahommeds defeat at the Bamian Pass
624
Fresh efforts of Dost Mahommed
625
Threatening advance of Dost Mahommed
626
His surrender
627
Increased tranquillity of the country
628
Renewed insurrection and victory of Nott
629
Victory of Colonel Wymer near KhelatiGhilzye
630
Progress of the insurrection of the Douranees in eastern Affghanistan
631
Last insurrection
632
State of affairs at Cabul
633
Forces at and near Cabul in October 1840
634
Infatuation of the defensive arrangements at Cabul
635
Conduct of the British ib 103 Breaking out of the insurrection and death of Burnes
636
Inactivity and supineness of those in command of the troops
638
Loss of the Commissariat Fort
639
Further loss of stores
640
Fatal effect of these losses
641
Storm of Mahommed Shereefs Fort
642
Jealousy between Elphinstone and Shelton
643
Storming of the Rickabashee Fort
645
Actions on the heights ib 113 Macnaghten calls up troops from Jellalabad and Candahar which are not sent
646
Destruction of the Ghoorka regiment in the Kohistan
648
Arguments for a removal into the BalaHissar
649
Commencement of the insurrection 333
650
Action on the 23d November
651
Total defeat of the British
652
Arrival of Akbar Khan and renewal of the negotiation
654
Capitulation with the Affghans
655
Faithlessness of the Affghans and increased misery of the troops
656
Secret negotiation of Sir W Macnaghten with Akbar Khan
657
His murder by Akbar Khan
658
Reflections on this event
659
Fresh treaty which is opposed by Pottinger
660
Conclusion of the treaty 662
662
Commencement of the march 129 Increasing horrors of the march 564
665
Almost entire destruction of the column
666
Continuance of the retreat to Jugdulluck ib 134 Termination of the retreat and arrival of one survivor at Jellalabad
667
Conduct of Sale and Nott
668
Termination of Lord Aucklands administration and Lord Ellen
669
Reflections on the injustice of the Affghanistan expedition
670
Errors in the conception of the expedition
671
Disproportion of the force to the object in view and its effects
672
Injudicious conferring of civil offices on military officers ib 141 Extreme error in the military arrangements at last
673
Causes of this
674
Causes to which the disaster was owing
675
Real causes of the disasters in a military point of view
676
True way of combating the evil ib 146 Two dangers and their remedy
677

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