Sidebilder
PDF
ePub

the solutions employed have not been recorded. are given only for :

10

The complete data

Lævo-rotatory camphene. Terecamphene, C10 H16, obtained by heating terebenthene-chlorhydrate with an alcoholic solution of potash or with stearate of soda. Riban (Bull. soc. chim. 24, 10) found for alcoholic solutions with q = 62 to 90 per cent. alcohol, at a temperature of 13° to 14° : [a]d - (53·80 — 0·03081 q).

=

[blocks in formation]

Commercial ethereal oils, being invariably mixtures of substances often of opposite optical powers, exhibit so much diversity in respect of rotation values, that these are of no use as a test of their purity, and special data are accordingly worthless.

§ 118. Resins.

Euphorbone, C15 H24 O (from euphorbia resin).

Dextro

rotatory. Chloroform. Ether.

c = 4. t = 15. (d = 0·72). c = 4. t = 15.

[a]D = 18.8. Hesse (L. A. 192, 195).

[a]D

= 11.7.

Podocarpic acid, C17 H22 Og. Dextro-rotatory.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Laurel-camphor, C10 H16 O. Dextro-rotatory.

For specific rotation in various solvents (§ 36, p. 84). The following others have been obtained :-

[blocks in formation]

Arndtsen (A. C. P. [3] 54, 418) has determined the specific rotation in alcoholic solutions for different rays, and with different

weight-percentages of alcohol (q). t = 22.9°. The formulæ hold

[blocks in formation]

Dextro

Camphoric acid, from laurel-camphor, C10 H16 04:

10

In Alcohol. [a]D

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors]

21.5. [α]D

[ocr errors]

46.0. Landolt.

Solutions in water.

9.

=

[ocr errors]

t = 20.
20.

[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors]

(NH4), . Cho Hạ Oạc = 4 17.

14

t = 20. [α]D

[ocr errors]

16.98

0.13 c. Landolt.

Methyl-camphoric acid, CH3. C10 H15 04 Dextro-rotatory.

Alcohol. p = 143.04. t = 19.3. [a]; = 514. Loir (A. C. P. [3] 38, 485).

For the rotatory power of other camphors and their derivatives no sufficient data exist.

[blocks in formation]

0.873 at 15°. a, for 1 decimetre = 15.6). Schiff (L. A. 166, 94).

0.846 12.5°). Alcohol reduces specific rotation; ether, benzene, and

[ocr errors]

oil have no effect. Petit (D. C. G. 1877, 896).

Nicotine, C10 H14 No. Lævo-rotatory. (See § 32, p. 72.)

CINCHONA ALKALOIDS.

Besides those already given, §§ 103, 104, the following data have been further recorded, mostly by Hesse.1

1 Numerous earlier observations on the rotatory powers of alkaloids were made by Bouchardat (Ann. chim phys. [3] 9, 213), Bouchardat and Boudet (Journ. de Pharm. et de Chim. [3] 23, 288), Buignet (Journ. de Pharm. et de Chim. [3] 40, 268), De Vrij and Alluard (Compt. rend. 59, 201). These data are for Biot's red ray; but they are not now of much use, as the nature of solvent employed is scarcely ever recorded with sufficient exactitude.

[ocr errors]

[The alcoholic chloroform mixture, much used by Hesse as solvent, consists of one volume alcohol of 97 per cent. (by volume) with two volumes chloroform.]

Quinine hydrate, C20 H24 N2 O2 + 3 H20. Lævo-rotatory.

[blocks in formation]

2

[blocks in formation]

c 1.5 to 6.

[blocks in formation]
[merged small][ocr errors]
[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

[a]D

[α]D

=

[ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors]

+ 1.0654 c2

141.0.

140·5.

(158.7

1.911 c).

(145.2 - 0.657 c).

(165.81 8.203 c 0.04644 c3).

Hesse (L. A. 176, 206).

Lævo-rotatory.

Alcoholic chloroform.

[blocks in formation]

In absolute and aqueous alcohol. Oudemans, p. 203.
Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) t = 15°. c = 1. [a]d

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Quinine hydrochloride, C20 H24 N2 O2. HCl + 2 H2O. Lævo-rota

Water (p. 199). Hydrochloric acid (p. 200). Absolute alcohol (p. 204).
Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) c = 1 to 10. t = 15°. [a]D

[blocks in formation]

With aqueous alcohol, the specific rotation attains a maximum when the alcohol is in the proportion of 60 per cent. by volume. For c = 2, and t = 15°, the following values are given :

[blocks in formation]

The anhydrous compound dissolved in chloroform shows with c = 0.9 to 9 and (81.81 23.756 c + 3.9556 c2 0.2198 c3).

-

Solutions in dilute hydrochloric acid, with 1 molecule of the hydrochloride (c = 2) in 100 cubic centimetre solution, we have as follows:

[blocks in formation]

Diquinine sulphate (neutral), 2 (C20 H24 N2 O2). H2 S O1 + 8 H2 0.

Lævo-rotatory.

Absolute alcohol (p. 200). Aqueous alcohol (p. 200).
Alcoholic chloroform.
c = 1 to 5. t = 15°. [a]D

=

(157.5 0.27 c).

4

Hesse (L. A. 176, 213).

-2

Quinine sulphate (Mono-acid), C20 H24 N2 O2. H2SO4 + 7 H2O.

Lævo-rotatory.

Water (p. 200). Absolute alcohol (p. 204).
Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) c = 2.

2

t

[ocr errors]
[ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]
[blocks in formation]

Alcoholic chloroform.

In alcoholic solutions with c = 2, the specific rotation decreases 0.65° for each 1° rise of temperature. Draper (Silliman's American Journal), [3] 11, 42).

Quinine disulphate (di-acid), C20 H24 N2 O2. 2 H2 S O4 + 4 H2 O.

Lævo-rotatory.

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Quinine oxalate, 2 (C20 H21 N2 O2). C2 H2 O4 + 6 H2O. Lævo

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

(L. A. 182, 44).

Cinchonidine hydrochloride, C20 H24 N2 O . H Cl + H2O. Lævo

rotatory.

2

Water (p. 201). Hydrochloric acid (p. 201). Absolute alcohol (p. 205).
Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) c = 3. t

[merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

2

Dicinchonidine sulphate, 2 (C20 H24 N2 O). H2SO4 + 6 H2 O. Lævo-rotatory.

Water. c = 1.06. t = 15°. [a]D - 106.8.

=

Salt with 3 mols. water: alcohol of 80 per cent. (by vol.) c = 2. t = 15°. [a]D 144 5. Hesse (L. A. 176, 221).

=

Cinchonidine sulphate, C20 H24 N2 0 . H2 SO4 + 5 H2O. Lævo

[blocks in formation]

2

C = 2.

t 15°.

[blocks in formation]

Cinchonidine nitrate (p. 205).

Cinchonidine oxalate, 2 (C20.H24 N„O). C1⁄2 H1⁄2 O1 + 2 H2O. Lævo

rotatory.

2 4

2

Alcoholic chloroform. = 1 to 3. t = 15°. [a] = - 98.7. Hesse (L. A. 176, 222). Quinidine (conchinine) hydrate, C20 H24 N2 O + 21⁄2 H1⁄2 0.

Dextro-rotatory.

Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) (p. 201).

2

[merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

Quinidine hydrochloride, C20 H24 N2 0, . H Cl + H2 O. Dextro

2

rotatory.

Water, hydrochloric acid (p. 201). Absolute alcohol (p. 205).
Alcohol of 97 per cent. (by vol.) c = 2 to 5.

[merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors]

2

[blocks in formation]

Acid salt: C20 H24 N2 O2. 2 HCl + H2O. Water. c = 2. t = 15°. [a]D

==== 250.3. Hesse (L. A. 176, 225).

Diquinidine sulphate, 2 C20 H24N2 O2 . H2 SO4 + 2 H2 O. Dextro

rotatory.

Water. Sulphuric acid. Hydrochloric acid (p. 202).
Alcohol of 80 per cent. (by vol.) c = = 2. t = 15°. [a]D

[merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

2

Hesse

(L. A. 176, 226).

« ForrigeFortsett »