CHAP. VI.

Of the Dioceses in France, Spain, and the British Isles.

SECT. 1.-Of the ancient Bounds and Divisions of Gallia into Seventeen Provinces.

I have now gone through all parts of the Christian world, except France, Spain, and Britain, which made up three civil dioceses, and twenty-nine or thirty provinces of the Roman empire. But I shall not need to be so nice and particular in inquiring into the bounds and extent of episcopal dioceses in these countries, because their number being but small in proportion to the largeness of the countries, it will easily appear to any man, that the dioceses were large, as they continue to be at this day, though some alterations have been made in their bounds since the original settlement of them.

Af

France, as it now stands, is but a part of old Gallia, which included also some of the Belgic, Helvetic, and German provinces. It was at first divided by Augustus into four parts, Narbonensis, Aquitanica, Lugdunensis, and Belgica. terwards, about the time of Adrian, or Antoninus, as De Marca thinks, these four were made fourteen. Narbonensis was divided into four, Narbonensis, Viennensis, Alpes Maritimæ, and Alpes Graiæ, or Penninæ. Aquitanica was was made three, Aquitania Prima, and Secunda, and Novempopulania. Lugdunensis likewise three, Lugdunensis Prima, and Secunda, and Maxima Sequanorum. And Belgica was turned into four, Belgica Prima, and Secunda, and Germania Prima, and Secunda. Last of all, about the time of the Emperor Gratian, three more provinces were made out of these. For Lugdunensis Tertia, otherwise called Turonia, was taken out of Lugdunensis Secunda, and Lugdunensis Quarta, or Senonia, out of Lugdunensis Prima, and the new province of Narbonensis Secunda, out of the province of Vienna. And about this time or a little after, Viennensis Secunda, otherwise called Arelatensis, was made a province also. Some think also that Gallia had once the name of Septem Provinciæ, the Seven Provinces, because it

was divided into so many: but De Marca proves this to be a vulgar error; for it never was divided into seven provinces, but sometimes we meet with the distinction of Gallia and the Five Provinces, and Gallia and the Seven Provinces, and in the Notitia of the Empire, the word, Seven Provinces, is once put for Seventeen, which occasioned the mistake. Now the Five Provinces were either nothing but so many parts of the old Gallia Narbonensis, viz. Narbonensis Prima, and Secunda, Viennensis, Alpes Maritimæ, and Alpes Grain, as Berterius and De Marca and Quesnellus account them; or else the four first of those mentioned with the province of Novempopulania or Aquitania Prima, instead of Alpes Graiæ; which Mr. Pagi' shows to be the more probable opinion. So that when the council of Valence, Anno 374, inscribe their synodical epistle, “ Episcopis per Gallias et Quinque Provincias," these five provinces are to be understood. As also in Philastrius, where he speaks of the Priscillianists, the remains of the Manichees, "sculking in Spain and the Five Provinces." The like distinction occurs in the Letter of the Emperor Maximus, to Pope Siricius, and some of Symmachus's Epistles, which De Marca mentions. Afterward we meet with the distinction of Gallia and the Seven Provinces, which occurs in the Letters of Pope Zosimus and Boniface, and is thought to owe its name to the Emperor Honorius, who ordered seven provinces to meet in the convention of Arles, viz. Narbonensis Prima, and Secunda, Viennensis, Alpes Maritimæ, Aquitania, Prima, and Secunda, and Novempopulania. These are sometimes distinguished from Gallia by the name of Septem Provincia, which occasioned the mistake of those who take Gallia in the largest extent and the Seven Provinces to be the same; whereas it appears, that there were not only seven, but seventeen or eighteen provinces in it. The names of the bishoprics in each province, because they occur not in any modern Notitia, I will here subjoin out of Carolus à Sancto Paulo, who has collected them out of the Acts of the ancient councils.

'Marca, de Primatu Lugdun. n. 66, &c. 373. n. 18. Philastr. Hær. 62, Manichæ.

Provinciis latere dicuntur.

2

Pagi, Critic. in Baron. an. Qui et Hispaniâ et Quinque

SECT. 2. Of the Dioceses in the Province of Alpes Maritimæ.

The first of these provinces was that of the Alpes Maritimæ, next to Italy, which had seven dioceses. 1. Ebrodunum, Ambrun, made the metropolis of this province in the fifth century; for before it was not so, when it was laid to the charge of Armentarius, bishop of this see, that he was ordained without the consent of the metropolitan,' which had been a frivolous accusation, had he himself then been metropolitan of the province. 2. Dinia, Digne. 3. Nicæa, Nice. 4. Cemelene, Cimies, which was afterwards united to Nice; for, in the fifth council of Orleans, Magnus subscribes himself bishop of both churches. Some say it was only six, others thirty miles from Nice. 5. Sanicium, Senez. 6. Glandata, Glandeve, which Baudrand says is now translated to Intervallium, Entrevaux. 7. Ventio, Vence.

SECT. 3.-Alpes Graiæ, or Penninæ.

In the second province, called Alpes Graiæ, or Penninæ, were but three bishoprics. 1. Tarantasia, the metropolis, which see is now translated to Monasterium, or Moutiers en Tarantaise. 2. Octodurum, Martenach. 3. Sedunum, Syon en Valez, the bishop of which place is now prince of the city, as Baudrand informs us.

SECT. 4.-Viennensis, Prima and Secunda.

The next province westward was Viennensis, divided into Prima and Secunda. In the first were six dioceses. 1. Vi

enna, the metropolis. 2. Geneva. 3. Gratianopolis, Grenoble. 4. Civitas Albensium, or Vivaria, and Alba Augusta, Viviers. 5. Mauriana, St. Jean de Maurienne. 6. Valentia, Valence. In the second, called also Provincia Arelatensis, were ten dioceses. 1. Arelate, Arles, the metropolis, 2. Massilia, Marseilles. 3. Avenio, Avignon. 4. Cabellio, Cavaillon. 5. Carpentoracte. Carpentras. 6. Tolonium, or Telonium, Toulon. 7. Arausio, Orange. 8. Vasio, Vaison. 9. Dia, or Dea Vocontiorum, Die. 10. Tricastini, or Augusta Tricastinorum, now called St. Paul de Trois Chas

1 Con. Reiens, c. 2.

teaux, which Baudrand reckons three leagues from Avignon, and four from Vaison.

SECT. 5.-Narbonensis, Prima and Secunda.

Out of the province of Vienna eastward was also taken another province, called Narbonensis Secunda, or Aquensis, from the metropolis of it, Aqua Sextiæ, Aix; beside which, there were six other dioceses in the province. 2. Apta Julia, Apt. 3. Reii, Riez. 4. Forum Julii, Frejuz. 5. Vipincum, Gap. 6. Segestero, Cisteron. 7. Antipolis, Antibe, since translated to Grassa, in Provence. On the west of Viennensis Secunda lay the province of Narbonensis Prima, which had ten dioceses. 1. Narbo. 2. Tolosa. 3. Bætiræ, Beziers. 4. Nemausum, Nismes. 5. Luteva, Lodeue. 6. Ucetia, Uzes. 7. Carcaso, Carcassone. 8. Agatha, Agde. 9. Helena, Elna. 10. Magalona, an island of the Mediterranean, which see is since translated to Mons Pessulanus, or Montpellier.

Westward of Narbonensis Prima, lay the province of Novempopulania, along the Pyrenæan mountains, to the Aquitanic ocean, wherein were eleven dioceses. 1. Elusa, Eause, the metropolis, whence the province was stiled Elusana. The see is since translated and joined to Augusta Ausciorum, which was a second see, now called Aux. 3. Lactoratium, Lectoure. 4. Convenæ, Cominges. 5. Consoranni, Conserans. 6. Vasatæ, Basas. 7. Tarba, Tarbes. 8. Aturum, or Vico-Julia, Aire. 9. Lascara, Lescar. 10. Olero, Oleron. 11. Aquæ, Acs.

SECT. 7.-Of Aquitania, Prima and Secunda.

Northward of these provinces from the Garumna to the Ligeris, lay the two provinces of Aquitania Prima and Secunda, the latter of which, bordering upon the ocean, had six very large dioceses. 1. Burdigala, Bourdeaux, the metropolis. 2. Aginnum, Agen. 3. Engolisma, Angoulesme. 4. Santones, or Mediolanum Santonum, Saintes. 5. Pictavi, Poitiers, where St. Hilary was bishop. 6. Petrocorium, Perigueux. In the other province, which lay

eastward from this, were nine as large dioceses. 1. Bituriga, the metropolis, Bourges. 2. Arverni, Clermont. 3. Rutena, Rhodes. 4. Arisita. 5. Cadurcum, Cahors. 6. Lemovica, Limoges. 7. Gabalum, or Mimate, Mande. 8. Vellava, or Anicium, Le Puy en Vellay. 9. Albaga, or Alba Helviorum, Alby, whence the Albigenses, who flourished in these parts, had their denomination.

SECT. 8.-Of Lugdunensis, Prima, Secunda, Tertia, Quarta, and Maxima Sequanorum.

North and east of Aquitanica lay Gallia Lugdunensis, divided into five provinces, whereof the first had five dioceses. 1. Lugdunum, Lyons, the metropolis. 2. Matisco, Mascon. 3. Cabillonum, Chalons on the Saone. 4. Lingones, Langres. 5. Augustodunum, Autun.

The second, called Lugdunensis Secunda, had eight dioceses. 1. Rothomagum, Rouen, in Normandy. 2. Ebroica, Eureux. 3. Lexovium, Lisieux. 4. Baioca, Baieux, 5. Constantia, Coutance. 6. Abrinca, Auranches. 7. Sagium, Siez. 8. Oximum, Hiesmes, since united to Sagium, from whence it is four leagues distance.

Lugdunensis Tertia, otherwise called Turonensis, had seven dioceses. 1. Turones, Tours. 2. Andegavum, Angiers. 3. Cenomanum, Le Mans. 4. Redones, Renes. 5. Namnetes, Nantes. 6. Venetia, Vennes. 7. Aletium, Alet, since translated to Maclovium, Anno 1140. Five others are added by some French writers, viz. Briocum, Dola, Trecora, Ossisma, Corisopitum ; but Carolus à Sancto Paulo makes some question about their antiquity, because, in the time of Carolus Calvus, Brittany had but four bishoprics in the whole.

Lugdunensis Quarta was that part of France where Paris stands, the metropolis whereof was 1. Senones, Sens. 2. Carnutum, Chartres. 3. Antissiodorum, Auxerre. 4. Treca, Troyes, in Champaigne. 5. Aurelia, Orleans. 6. Parisii, Paris. 7. Melda, Meaux. 8. Nivernum, Nevers. Lugdunensis Quinta was otherwise called Maxima Sequanorum, not from Maximus, the tyrant, as Carolus à Sancto Paulo and many others think, for it was called so