Roundway-down. Jealousies between Waller and the earl
of Essex. His majesty and the queen meet at Keinton.
The earl of Essex retires to Uxbridge. Prince Rupert
takes Bristol by assault. The two houses send into Scot-
land for relief. The king's declaration after the victory at
Bristol. Jealousies about the government of that place.
The king goes thither. Prince Maurice sent into the
west. The king besieges Gloucester. The lords' pro-
posals to the commons for peace: debate thereon. Forces
raised under the earl of Manchester. Lord Essex becomes
violent. Several of the parliament lords side with the king.
State of the royal army. Opinions concerning the siege of
Gloucester. The king goes to Oxford. Debates on the
conduct of the earls of Bedford and Holland. Treatment
of the earl of Holland at Oxford. The king's affairs in
the west. Dorchester, Weymouth, and Portland surrender
to the royal forces. Prince Maurice comes to Exeter: the
earl of Warwick attempts its relief. Gallant conduct of
colonel Digby at Torrington. Barnstable is delivered to
colonel Digby, and Exeter to prince Maurice. Difference
between the marquis of Hertford and prince Maurice.
Prosecution of the siege of Gloucester. The custody of
the Tower committed to Pennington. Earl of Essex marches
to relieve Gloucester, and the siege is raised. Earl of Essex
seizes Cirencester. Prince Rupert routs the enemy at
Awborne Chase. The battle of Newbury: where the earls
of Sunderland and Carnarvon are slain. Character of the
earl of Carnarvon. Death and character of lord Falkland.
Temper of the army and of the court at Oxford.
Earls of Holland, Bedford, and Clare return into the par-
liament's quarters. Transactions of the committee of the
two houses in Scotland. A covenant proposed by the
Scots. Of Dr. Featly and the assembly of divines. The
lords and commons, and the assembly of divines, take the

oath. The solemn league and covenant. Justice Berkley
and baron Trevor are fined by the parliament. A hundred
thousand pounds sent to the Scots. A parliament is sum-
moned by the covenanters in Scotland. Substance of the
treaty between the English and the Scots. The Scots raise
an army. Divisions amongst the councils at Oxford. The
king's affairs in the west. Carew proposes to surrender
Plymouth to the king. Prince Maurice takes Dartmouth,
and sits down before Plymouth. The count of Harcourt
arrives ambassador from France. He proposes to effect
peace between the king and parliament. Doubts concern-
ing the real object of the count. The earl of Holland is
not well received by the parliament. The commons vote a
new broad seal. Fiennes is condemned for surrendering
Bristol, but pardoned by the general. The Scots enter
England. A parliament is summoned at Oxford. Pro-
ceedings of the marquis of Ormond in Ireland: state of
protestants there. The king's concern for them. Com-
missioners treat with the rebels. Cessation of arms in Ire-
land. Part of the English army leave that country. Ex-
tract from the declaration of England and Scotland.
Means to raise money at Oxford. The excise duty im-
posed. The earl of Newcastle marches against the Scots.
Fairfax defeats colonel Bellasis. The marquis of Ormond
sends troops from Ireland to the king. The Irish forces
routed by sir T. Fairfax at Nantwich. State of Scotland.
The duke of Hamilton and the earl of Lanrick are
put under guard. Death of Mr. Pym: his character.
The prince elector arrives at London. Prince Rupert re-
lieves Newark.

BOOK VIII.

1644, 1645.

Tuon king's bad into Sussex. His majesty receives as-

HE king's party overrates its influence. Lord Hop-

surances from Kent. Arundel-castle surrendered. Waller
returns to Farnham, and retakes Arundel-castle. The
earl of Brentford and others join lord Hopton. The battles
of Alresford and Cropredy-bridge. The royal army and
Waller's draw off from each other, the king marching to-
wards the west. The battle of Marston-moor. York is
delivered to the parliament forces. Misunderstanding be-
tween the marquis of Newcastle and prince Rupert. The
queen retires into France. The earl of Essex marches into
Cornwall, and is followed by the king. Of the earl of
Brentford, general of the king's army. Lord Wilmot put
under restraint. The king dismisses lord Percy. Colonel
Goring is made general of the horse. Lord Wilmot retires.
The earl of Essex declines a conjunction with the king: he
is much straitened by the king's forces, and becomes un-
easy: Waller complains of him to parliament. Balfour
marches through the king's army with the whole of Es-
sex's cavalry, the earl himself escaping by sea to Plymouth.
State of affairs at Oxford during the king's absence. Of
colonel Gage. State of Basing-house, which is gallantly
relieved by colonel Gage. Death of captain J. Wainman.
Blockade of Plymouth by sir R. Greenvil. The king
raises the siege of Portland-castle, and quarters at Andover.
The governor of Donnington knighted at Newbury.
Banbury castle relieved by the earl of Northampton. Se-
cond battle of Newbury. The king relieves Donnington
castle. Basing-house is again relieved, and the king re-

A

turns to Oxford. Colonel Gage is made governor of Ox-
ford he is killed at Culham near Abingdon. Probable
movement of the Scots army. Temper of the army and
court. The king's consideration for his children.
council is settled for the prince of Wales. A fast day ap-
pointed by parliament. Vane and Cromwell propose a
self-denying ordinance, and the latter commends the parlia-
ment preachers. It is proposed to make sir T. Fairfax
general. Trial of archbishop Laud. He is condemned and
beheaded. Objections to titles conferred by the king.
The treaty at Uxbridge: first, of religion; secondly, of the
militia; and thirdly, of Ireland. The king provides for
the prince's safety. The four western counties form an
association, of which the prince is made general. The
commons pass the self-denying ordinance. The earl of
Mountrose's expedition into Scotland. Mountrose and
Antrim's proceedings in favour of the king. Of Daniel
O'Neile. O'Neile accompanies the earl of Antrim into
Ireland. Lord Digby persuades the king to make O'Neile
groom of the bedchamber. The earl of Mountrose raises
an army in Scotland. Trial of sir J. Hotham and his son:
they are condemned and beheaded. The earl of Essex
expostulates with prince Rupert, who goes to Bristol.
Waller delivers up his commission.

BOOK IX.

1645, 1646.

HE self-denying ordinance passes the lords.

The

Ten and others resign their commissions.

State of the western counties. Selfishness of Mrs. Wind-
ham. Faction in the prince's council. Goring wishes to
command in the west. Inquiry into the complaints against

sir R. Greenvil. The lord Goring joins the king at
Oxford. Resolutions taken there. Jealousy between Rupert
and Goring. Fairfax before Oxford. The king takes Lei-
cester, and makes lord Loughborough governor. His ma-
jesty marches towards Oxford, and makes preparation for an
engagement with Fairfax. Battle of Naseby. The king
retires to Hereford. Misconduct of general Goring in the
west. Of the club-men in Somerset and Devonshire. The
king's affairs disturbed by faction. Transactions at Barn-
stable. Conduct of Wheeler and sir H. Windham. Fur-
ther complaints against sir R. Greenvil. Fairfax enters
Somersetshire, and defeats Goring. Improper behaviour of
general Goring and sir R. Greenvil.
His majesty goes to
Abergaveny, then to Cardiff. Sir T. Fairfax takes Bridge-
water. The king desires prince Rupert not to treat of peace.
The Scottish army is at Hereford. The king removes Ger-
rard. Goring makes propositions to the prince, who assents
to them. Extravagant demands of lord Goring. Prince
Rupert delivers up Bristol. The king goes to Doncaster.
Mountrose is defeated by Lesley. The king goes to Oxford
-to Ragland. The king revokes all Rupert's commissions.
The royal forces prepare for the enemy in the west.
proper conduct of the lord Goring. The king's letter con-
cerning the prince. Lord Goring retires into France.
Endeavours are made to unite the king's forces in the west.
The lords are of opinion that the prince should not leave
England. Wentworth's horse defeated at Ashburton. The
king marches to Chester: his horse routed by Pointz.
His majesty marches to Denbigh. Lord Digby and sir M.
Langdale march to the north. The former is routed at
Sherborne, and escapes to the Isle of Man. Discontents
among the king's officers at Newark. The king reaches
Oxford. Hopton is made general of the west. Sir R.
Greenvil committed to prison. Lord Hopton receives the

Im-