perly formed in the sand by the moulder, when the "core," with the pulley wheel, is placed therein; the ends of the axle projecting from the "core" into the space between the "core" and "mould," as shown in fig. 14; the fluid metal is then poured into the mould, which flows into the spaces between the sides thereof and the "core," and around the ends of the axle pulley, which project from the "core;" and, as soon as the metal is cold, the operation is complete; the core sand being removed from out of the interior of the now formed box or case in the usual manner.

If it should be thought desirable, smooth turned collars, bushes, or bearings e, of metal, as shown at fig. 15, may be placed on each side of the case around the ends of the axis of the pulley wheel, as seen in fig. 16, previous to its being put into the sand mould, whereby the fluid metal will be made to flow around the said collar, instead of coming in direct contact with the axle: this mode of operation will produce the "box pulley" shown at fig. 17, and the axle will thereby have a better bearing than in the former instance, care being taken to use such a metal or mixture of metals as will not be melted by the fluid metal of which the case is formed when it is poured into the mould.-[Inrolled in the Rolls Chapel Office, December, 1836.]

To JAMES DUFFIELD HARDING, of Gordon-square, in the county of Middlesex, artist, for his invention of certain improvements on pencil, pen, and chalk cases or holders. [Sealed 27th February, 1834.]

THESE improvements consist in the construction of an instrument for holding the chalk, crayon, or pencil for

the use of an artist, in which the sides of the holder are gradually compressed or tightened, so as to confine the pencil or chalk securely in the position in which it is first placed.

In the specification, the Patentee has shown and described three different modes of constructing an instrument to answer the purpose required. The first is represented at fig. 18, Plate XVIII., and consists of a cylindrical tube a, which may be made of any length, to suit the pencil; on to the end of this tube is fixed, by soldering, or in any other convenient manner, a conical tube b, having three longitudinal slits or openings c, equidistant from each other. These slits or openings are for the purpose of giving elasticity, and allowing the conical sides to be compressed by the action of the ferrule d.

It will be seen that the slits or openings c, have small notches or recesses; these are for the purpose of con fining the ferrule d, which they do through the medium of a small stud in the inside of the ferrule; this stud slides along one of the slits or openings, and when the ferrule is forced far enough along the conical tube to confine the pencil or crayon, and hold it firmly, then the ferrule is turned slightly on one side, and the stud becomes lodged in one of the notches or recesses.

Fig. 19, is another pencil or crayon holder, constructed on the same principle as the former, except that the conical tube b, is inverted or tapers downwards. As the same letters of reference are marked upon corresponding parts of these two figures, it will be unnecessary further to describe the latter, except to say that to compress the sides of the holder shown in fig 19, it is necessary to push the ferrule d, upwards; whilst, in the

other figure, the same effect is produced by pushing the ferrule downwards.

Fig. 20, is another description of crayon or pencil holder; the base of the cone, in this figure, being similar to that shown in fig. 18. The tube, in this construction of pencil holder, has a screw on its outer surface, and longitudinal slits or openings are cut in the tube in the same manner, and for the same purpose, as in the former figures. The ferrule d, in this instance, consists of a screw box, which, by being screwed up or down, opens or compresses the sides in the same manner as in figs. 18, and 19.

Fig. 21, is an instrument upon a similar construction to the one just described, except that to compress the sides the ferrule must be screwed up the conical tube instead of down, as in fig. 20.

Another mode of constructing an instrument to hold pencils or crayons is represented in fig. 22, and consists of a long case, capable of holding an entire cedar pencil; in this instrument, the pencil is held fast by turning a thumb screw g, into the wood of the pencil.

The Patentee observes that this invention is equally applicable to pens; and that for the latter purpose, as well as for crayons or small pieces of chalk, it is not necessary to have the tube a, of any considerable length; and that, to construct the instrument of the ordinary or sufficient length, hard woods, ivory, bone, or other suitable material may be used. The Patentee further observes, that although he has represented another mode of making the instrument at fig. 22, he prefers those represented at figs. 18, 19, 20, and 21; and, in conclusion, states, that he does not intend to claim any of the parts separately, but only in combination, for the

purpose of constructing a pencil, pen, chalk, or crayon holder or case, as above described.-[Inrolled in the Inrolment Office, August, 1834.]

TO SAMUEL MEGGITT, of the town of Kingston-uponHull, master mariner, for his invention of certain improvements in anchors, and in apparatus for fishing such improved anchors, which improvements may respectively be adapted to anchors now in common use.→ [Sealed 2nd July, 1836.]

THESE improvements in anchors are designed, firstly, to cause the anchors to take hold of the ground with greater facility than anchors of the ordinary construction; secondly, to cause them to penetrate deeper into any sort of ground or bottom; thirdly, to afford greater strength in the holding position; and fourthly, to lessen the risk of breaking, either in riding or weighing. And the improved apparatus for fishing such anchors, have for their object a more ready means of taking hold of the anchor than by the old fishing hook.

These improvements are represented in the accompanying drawings, and the same parts of the anchor and its appendages are referred to by similar letters in all the figures.

Figs. 23, and 24, Plate XVIII., represent what may be denominated elevations of the improved anchor, in two positions. Fig. 25, is a view of the arms of the anchor, looking down upon the crown, the shank being in section. Fig. 26, represents the under side of the The points or ends of the arms a, a, instead of

same.

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being furnished with broad flukes or palms, as usual, are made narrow, and the breadth of the fluke is transferred by means of an angular piece b, to the crown. By means of this construction the point of the anchor is enabled more readily to take the ground, and also to penetrate deeper than the points of anchors of the ordinary kind, and the increased breadth at the crown, caused by the addition of the angular piece b, affords much greater strength and resistance against the draught of the cable with less leverage, and consequently with less risk of breaking.

Another advantage arising from this construction of anchor is, that it is scarcely possible for the cable to become foul of the arm; as in the event of the cable coming in contact with the arm, or being twisted round it, it would necessarily slip off the narrow point at the end of the arm, and thereby disengage itself.

The apparatus for fishing the anchor is best seen in figs. 23, and 26. It consists of a bar c, c, placed at the under part of the crown, this bar may be attached to the arms in any convenient manner. I prefer connecting it by links d, d, as shown, because by that means the bar will be allowed a small degree of lateral action. To this bar c, the fishing chain e, is attached, and the end of it being connected by a line to the ring of the anchor, is readily taken hold of by the seaman, who passes the stopper of the anchor to the cathead, and therefore renders a fishing hook unnecessary this chain is attached by a loose ring to the bar c, which enables it to slide along the bar. The delay and inconvenience that frequently occurs in fishing the anchor in a rough sea, and particularly on dark nights, is by means of this apparatus effectually avoided, as may be