therefore GB, the excess of the fum EB above the given magnitude EG, has a given ratio to the remainder FD. IF two magnitudes have a given ratio to one another, if See N. a given magnitude be added to one of them, and the other be taken from a given magnitude; the fum together with the magnitude to which the remainder has a given ratio, is given. and the remainder is given together with the magnitude to which the fum has a given ratio. Let the two magnitudes AB, CD have a given ratio to one another; and to AB let the given magnitude BE be added, and let CD be taken from the given magnitude FD. the fum AE is given together with the magnitude to which the remainder FC has a given ratio. a A BE E C B Because the ratio of AB to CD is given, make as AB to CD, fo GB to FD. therefore the ratio of GB to FD is given, and FD is given, wherefore GB is given ; G and BE is given, the whole GE is therefore given. and because as AB to CD, fo is GB to FD, and fo is GA to FC; the ratio of GA to FC is given. and AE together with GA is given, because GE is given; therefore the fum AE together with GA to which the remainder FC has a given ratio, is given. the fecond part is manifeft from Prop. 15. a. 2. Dat. b. 19. 5. IF two magnitudes have a given ratio to one another, See N. if from one of them a given magnitude be taken, and the other be taken from a given magnitude; each of the remainders is given together with the magnitude to which the other remainder has a given ratio. Let the two magnitudes AB, CD have a given ratio to one another, and from AB let the given magnitude AE be taken, and let CD be taken from the given magnitude CF; the remainder EB is given together with the magnitude to which the other remainder DF has a given ratio. Because the ratio of AB to CD is given, make as AB to CD, so AG to CF, the ratio of AG to CF is therefore given, and CF is a. 2. Dat. given, wherefore a AG is given; and AE is given, and therefore the A remainder EG is given. and be cause as AB to CD, so is AG to ЕВ G C D F to the remainder DF; the ratio of BG to DF is given. and EB together with BG is given, because EG is given. therefore the remainder EB together with BG to which DF the other remainder has a given ratio is given. the second part is plain from Prop. 15. PROP. XXIII. IF from two given magnitudes there be taken magnitudes which have a given ratio to one another, the remainders fhall either have a given ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of them above a given magnitude shall have a given ratio to the other. Let AB, CD be two given magnitudes, and from them let the magnitudes AE, CF which have a given ratio to one another be taken; the remainders EB, FD either have a given ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other. Because AB, CD are each of A them given, the ratio of AB to the fame with the ratio of AE to Ε F D CF, then the remainder EB has the fame given ratio to the remainder FD. But if the ratio of AB to CD be not the fame with the ratio of AE to CF, it is either greater than it, or, by inverfion, the ratio of CD to AB is greater than the ratio CF to AE. first, let the ratio of AB to CD be greater than the ratio of AE to CF; and as AE to CF, fo make AG to CD, therefore the ratio of AG to CD is given, because the ratio of AE to CF is given; and CD is given, where foreb AG is given; and because the ratio of AB to CD is than the ratio of (AE to CF, that A C is, than the ratio of) AG to CD;' AB is greater than AG. and AB, AG are given, therefore the remainder BG is given. and because E greater C b. 2. Dat. c. 10. 5. 1 as AE to CF, fo is AG to CD, and fo is a EG to FD; the ratio a. 19. 5. of EG to FD is given. and GB is given, therefore EG the excess of EB above the given magnitude GB, has a given ratio to FD. the other cafe is fhewn in the fame way. F IF there be three magnitudes, the firft of which has a See N. given ratio to the fecond, and the excefs of the fe cond above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the third; the excefs of the first above a given magnitude fhall also have a given ratio to the third. Let AB, CD, E be three magnitudes, of which AB has a given ratio to CD; and the excess of CD above a given magnitude has a given ratio to E. the excefs of AB above a given magnitude has a given ratio to E. Let CF be the given magnitude the excess of CD above which, viz. FD has a given ratio to E. and because the ratio of AB to CD is given, as AB to CD fo make AG to CF; there- A fore the ratio of AG to CF is given; and CF is given, wherefore a AG is given. and because as AB to CD, fo is AG to CF, and fo is GB to FD; the ratio of GB to FD is given. and the ratio of FD to E is given, wherefore the ratio of GB to E is given. and AG is given, therefore GB the excefs of AB above the given magnitude AG has a given ratio to E. BDE COR. 1. And if the firft has a given ratio to the fecond, and the excefs of the first above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the third; the excefs of the fecond above a given magnitude fhall have a given ratio to the third: for if the fecond be called the first, and the first the second, this Corollary will be the fame with the Propofition. a. 2. Dat. b. 19. 5. c. 9. Dat. 17. COR. 2. Also if the first has a given ratio to the fecond, and the excess of the third above a given magnitude has also a given ratio to the fecond, the fame excefs fhall have a given ratio to the firft; as is evident from the 9th Dat. IF PROP. XXV. there be three magnitudes, the excefs of the first whereof above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the second; and the excefs of the third above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the fame fecond. the first shall either have a given ratio to the third, or the excess of one of them above a given magnitude fhall have a given ratio to the other. Let AB, C, DE, be three magnitudes, and let the exceffes of each of the two AB, DE above given magnitudes have given ratios to C; AB, DE either have a given ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other. Let FB the excefs of AB above the given magnitude AF have a given ratio to C; and let GE the excess of A DE above the given magnitude DG have a given ratio to C; and because FB, GE have each F of them a given ratio to C, they have a given ratio a to one another. but to FB, GE the given 4. 9. Dat. magnitudes AF, DG are added; therefore b the b. 18. Dat. whole magnitudes AB, DE have either a given 18. Ꭰ G ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of B C'E them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other, IF PROP. XXVI. there be three magnitudes the exceffes of one of which above given magnitudes have given ratios to the other two magnitudes; these two fhall either have a given ratio to one another, or the excess of one of them above a given magnitude fhall have a given ratio to the other. Let AB, CD, EF be three magnitudes, and let GD the excefs of one of them CD above the given magnitude CG have a given ratio to AB; and alfo let KD the excefs of the fame CD above the given magnitude CK have a given ratio to EF. either AB has a given ratio to EF, or the excefs of one of them above a given. magnitude has a given ratio to the other. H A Because GD has a given ratio to AB, as GD to AB, so make CG to HA; therefore the ratio of CG to HA is given; and CG is given, wherefore a HA is given. and because as GD to AB, fo is CG a. 2. Dat. to HA, and so is ↳ CD to HB; the ratio of CD to HB is given. b. 12. 5. also because KD has a given ratio to EF, as KD to EF, fo make CK to LE; therefore the ratio of CK to LE is given; and CK is given, wherefore a LE is given. and because as KD to EF, fo is CK to LE, and fob is CD to LF; the ratio of CD to LF is given. but the ratio of CD to HB is given, wherefore the ratio of HB to LF is given. and from HB, LF the given magnitudes BD F HA, LE being taken, the remainders AB, EF shall either have a given ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other. "Another Demonftration. G KE c. 9. Dat. Let AB, C, DE be three magnitudes, and let the exceffes of one of them C above given magnitudes have given ratios to AB and DE. either AB, DE have a given ratio to one another, or the excess of one of them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other. d. 19. Dat. Because the excefs of C above a given magnitude has a given ratio to AB, therefore a AB together with a given magnitude has a a. 14. Dat. given ratio to C. let this given magnitude be AF, wherefore FB has a given ratio to C. alfo, F because the excess of C above a given magni- A tude has a given ratio to DE, therefore a DE together with a given magnitude has a given ratio to C. let this given magnitude be DG, G wherefore GE has a given ratio to C. and FB BCE' has a given ratie to C, therefore the ratio of b FB to GE is given. and from FB, GE the given magnitudes AF, DG being taken, the remainders AB, DE either have a given ratio to one another, or the excefs of one of them above a given magnitude has a given ratio to the other " b. 9. Dat. c. 19. Dat. |